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Effects of colonialism in africa
Effects of colonialism in africa
Effects of colonialism in africa
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The Influence Of Christianity On Culture In the novel “Thing Fall Apart” written by Chinua Achebe, the book focuses on Okonkwo, the main character in the novel and his approach towards Christianity, a European religion introduced to the Igbo society by white missionaries with the intention of enlightening, repairing, and destroying Igbo culture or “savage lifestyle” and guiding the Africans to a modern, barbaric civilization. However, arguments can be made weather Igbo society was civilize before Christianity or European invasions. In the essay “An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness” the author Achebe, states the following “Heart of Darkness projects the imagine of Africa as ‘the other world’, the antithesis of European …show more content…
Exploring would be a win for Europe, as they not only furnished raw materials to feed the manufacturing economies back home, they also acted as new markets in which to sell industrial goods to the colonies such as guns. The colonies were so popular that German chancellor organized a conference to divide up Africa among the Europeans, not one African was invited. Not only taking over but spreading commerce, civilization, and Christianity. The Europeans knew the benefits of invading Africa and slaved the people there and shipped them to the new world. The Europeans developed a system known as the Triangle Trade, which involved the movement of goods, wealth, and free and un-free labors. After the abolishment of slavery in European nations “1807 - Britain passes Abolition of the Slave Trade Act, outlawing British Atlantic slave trade. The Europeans continued to find benefits to profit from in Africa. Which led to palm tress and palm oil. Palm oil led to great lubricant for industrial machinery, and after colonization, the British Empire laid claim to Igbo land, which was rich in palm trees and non-Christians believers. A perfect opportunity to introduce Christianity, control the people and make profit. Europeans used Christianity as a way to hold over the community and benefit from the trade that comes with it. In Things Fall …show more content…
However there is no solid proof that demonstrates that there is something greater than us sitting in a thrown in the heavens or elsewhere. In reality famous religions and scriptures were simply created and force into societies in order to control and establish a lifestyle of what upper classman believed to be right. Like Igbo society, European-Spanish conquistadors also colonized the Dominican Republic. In fact the island of Hispaniola was the first New World colony settle by Spanish and serve as a base for the conquest of most of the Western Hemisphere. Before colonization Taino Indians, whom lived happily, populated the island. Once Christopher Columbus and his crew settled, the Europeans noticed that gold, tobacco, sugarcanes, and many other natural resources could be attain. And decided to take over the island, enslaving the natives and forcing them to work. However, the natives eventually died of and Africans slaves were shipped into the island for free labor. The Spanish Europeans not only brought their ships, and slaves but also their religion and lifestyle. The roman catholic church became the primary, established religion in the country and its beliefs and laws
One of the main reasons Europeans colonized Africa was for their useful resources. There are countless assets in the African landscape that were wanted by other nations. The European countries had access to some of the worlds most needed resources such as cotton, oils, coal, gold, and diamonds because they controlled Africa. This is shown on a chart of African colonies and their exports. ("Selected African Colonies and Their Exports" 269). This shows how the European countries carefully selected the land they did, to get certain resources they needed or wanted to use to benefit from. Another chart from a book by Trevor Lloyd, (Lloyd, The British Empire), displays the large jump of exports to Africa from 1854 to 1900. What that means is once Great Britain established complete control of South Saharan Africa, they began to export the resources they found that they could use. These charts are proof of how the European's wanted resources, and that is one of the main reasons for the imperialization of Africa. Not only did the European nations want the continent's resources, but they had an equal hunger for power.
Prior to the 19th century, the Europeans traded mainly for African slaves. It turns out they were not immune towards certain diseases and therefore had an increasing risk of becoming sick. For years to come this continued, but not much land was conquered. Eventually, conference between only the Europeans was held to divide up the land appropriately, and the scramble for Africa began. The driving forces behind European imperialism in Africa were expanding empires, helping natives, and natural resources.
No one likes to be told how to live. In the book Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, missionaries came to Africa to teach the natives a new way of life, Christianity. The natives had lived one way their entire life, and enacted their beliefs whole-heartedly. European missionaries wanted to convert them from these ways. Each group of people had a difficulties communicating with each other; this caused a type of ignorance towards the other. Joseph Conrad did an adequate job portraying the views of Europeans in his novel Heart of Darkness and why they felt they needed to be in Africa. The traditions and beliefs in these two novels caused a major separation between the natives and whites; could this have caused more damage than good?
Religion played an important role in colonizing the Western Hemisphere. The goal of the Spanish monarchs was to convert the Natives to Christianity. This goal became facilitated when the Spanish came to know that the "Native American religion was not that different from popular spiritual belief in Europe (pg. 9)". An example of this is Hernán Cortés, who became welcomed by the Aztec emperor since they probably believed he was their returning God. In return, Cortés received gifts of silvers and gold and ultimately Cortés conquered the Aztec
In "An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrad's Heart of Darkness," Chinua Achebe criticizes Joseph Conrad for his racist stereotypes towards the continent and people of Africa. He claims that Conrad propagated the "dominant image of Africa in the Western imagination" rather than portraying the continent in its true form (1793). Africans were portrayed in Conrad's novel as savages with no language other than grunts and with no "other occupations besides merging into the evil forest or materializing out of it simply to plague Marlow" (1792-3). To Conrad, the Africans were not characters in his story, but merely props. Chinua Achebe responded with a novel, Things Fall Apart: an antithesis to Heart of Darkness and similar works by other European writers. In Things Fall Apart, Achebe tells the story of an Ibo man, Okonkwo, and the tragedies which he has to endure. Africans are represented as individuals capable of speech, not just one massive conglomerate of natives. Their customs are not regarded as eccentric or bizarre, but as the norm-functioning no differently than the variety of Western customs do. And the land itself is described as a mix of towns and farms, not a mysterious land which breeds insanity. In almost every respect, Things Fall Apart contradicts the stereotypes set up in Heart of Darkness.
In the novel “Things Fall Apart” by Chinua Achebe, the protagonist Okonkwo struggles between tribal tradition, his internal conflicts with his own beliefs, and the arrival of European missionaries to Africa. Okonkwo’s own perspective is limited to a heavily masculine praising mindset, driving him to be rash and violent at times, but his own tribe has a variety of traditions and personalities. Immediately, Okonkwo sees these missionaries as a threat to his place in society, their beliefs are frowned upon by most of the tribes and people of power. Missionaries see African tribes as animalistic and primitive. Okonkwo’s perspective was valid considering all the damage missionaries would eventually cause in the long run. A loss of culture and the
In 1975, celebrated Nigerian author Chinua Achebe (Things Fall Apart, 1958) gave a lecture at the University of Massachusetts condemning Heart of Darkness as "an offensive and totally deplorable" book that should not be considered a work of art. He believes that it has contributed to Western discrimination against Africa and Africans. In his words, "The question is whether a novel which celebrates this dehumanization, which depersonalizes a portion of the human race, can be called a great work of art. My answer is: No, it cannot." He then went on to discuss the Western tendency toward a reflexive discrimination against Africa. His speech ended with a challenge to his listeners to fight against the unthinking racism of the West against Africans.
In the early 1880’s, the powers of Europe started to take control of regions in Africa and set up colonies there. In the beginning, colonization caused the Africans little harm, but before long, the Europeans started to take complete control of wherever they went. The Europeans used their advanced knowledge and technology to easily maneuver through the vast African landscape and used advanced weapons to take control of the African people and their land. The countries that claimed the most land and had the most significant effect on Africa were France, England, Belgium, and Germany. There were many reasons for the European countries to be competing against each other to gain colonies in Africa.
Acclaimed Nigerian author, Chinua Achebe’s 1958 novel, Things Fall Apart, is a story about Okonkwo, a man from the fictional village of Umuofia. Okonkwo’s attempt to form an idealized self-identity and the stress he experiences in living up to its image wears his life, and eventually destroys the very identity he so desperately sought. Okonkwo’s end is analogous to the end of his tribe and its culture—Achebe refers to the Igbo peoples’ culture as the Ibo culture in his book. Furthermore, Okonkwo’s end shows the pain experienced by the change in power balances as the rulers became the ruled, with the white man colonizing Africa. The Heart of Darkness hardly needs an introduction; Joseph Conrad, its writer, wrote the novella based on his experiences as a captain on the Congo. The protagonist is Charles Marlow, whose impression of the colonized Congo basins along with its tribal inhabitants and the raiding white men amidst the deep, dark, disease-infested forests of Congo form the basis of the story. Things Fall Apart and Heart of Darkness are both based around situations that instigate the awe-inspiring, and yet horrifying confluence of races and cultures. However, while the former tells the story from the colonized peoples’ perspective, the latter tells it from the colonizers’ perspective. This paper attempts to highlight the differences and similarities in these novels by exploring the underlying themes and unusual circumstances portrayed in them.
In his work Things Fall Apart, Chinua Achebe tells a story describing the decay and destruction of ancient African tradition caused by the invasion of white culture. His tone in the book seems to side with and sympathize with the Africans and their religion. Interestingly enough, though, he uses biblical allusion, as well as onomatopoeia and symbolism to bring the book to life and captivate the reader. The following will describe how he uses these. Even though it appears that he sides with Africans and their cultural beliefs, Achebe uses things from outside their religion, such as biblical allusions.
In Things fall apart, Chinua Achebe showed us the richness of the Igbo traditional culture as well as the destruction of it through the activities of British missionaries. The appearance of Christianity on the Nigerian tribal land led to the disintegration of belief in the Igbo society, and made way for British colonization. Were the British the only cause of the destruction of the Igbo culture? The appearance of a new religion was not the sole reason for the loss of a tradition. The Igbo people also lost their culture because of many unreasonable conceptions in their spirituality.
In conclusion, it is clear that the coming of Christianity to Africa was not greeted with open arms. While it granted Africans the chance to acquire new teachings, it also insinuated itself within politics, family, and traditions, utterly destroying them from the inside out. Having been detailed within novels by Achebe, Oyono, and Thiong’o, it is easy to see how these “pacifying” roles eventually led to a total conquest for all of Africa.
Despite the white’s forcing, the natives hanged on to their religion because they believed in their religion greatly and the Great Spirit. They also despised Christianity because the whites practiced it upon them; thus they defined Christianity by the white’s actions and attitude. The natives are hurt from the whites and treasure their religion
The single most important aspect of European empires, beginning just prior to the fall of Rome, is the spread of Christianity to all areas of the continent in as little as a few hundred years. Many theologians state that Christianities spread is the indirect influence of God and the adoration of people to one true faith. Though it is true that Christianity has brought about people that even atheists could call saints, it is unquestionable that Christianity was so monumental because it united larger groups of people and its spread is contributed to adherence to local customs and its lack of new ideas in comparison to other religions of the day.
Depiction of Africa in Heart of Darkness Chinua Achebe believes that Joseph Conrad's Heart Of Darkness is racist based on Conrad's descriptions of Africa and it's people. Achebe, author of Things Fall Apart, stresses Conrad's depiction of Africa as the antithesis of Europe and civilization, and the animal imagery present throughout the novella. Heart of Darkness, written in 1899 during the period of British Imperialism, concerns a British trading company and their expedition into the Congo for ivory. The African natives are treated brutally by the Europeans, and despite Conrad's casual condescension towards the Africans, one cannot help feeling resentment at the unnecessary cruelty they must endure.