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Advantages of somatic cell nuclear transfer
Cloning : the significance of dolly
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Recommended: Advantages of somatic cell nuclear transfer
In the article “ These monkey twins are the first primate clones made by the method that developed Dolly”. By Dennis Normile, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The author is not a scientist, but the people who he interviews are. The technique that scientists Qiang Sun and Mu-Ming Poo, is the same technique that was used to clone the world's first cloned mammal a sheep named Dolly. Using the Method (SCNT) also known as Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer. The reachers also have adapted several new techniques, which they said lead to their success.
Using the Method Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer. Scientists start with taking the nucleus of a cell from a tissue and inserting it into an animal egg which has its DNA carrying
nucleus removed. Then it is treated with enzymes that return it to a early embryonic state. Lastly, the egg is implanted in a surrogate mother for development. Director of this project Mu-Ming Poo says “Success came from adapting several new techniques.” Poo used a new type of microscopy which helped better view cells during handling. With success in this new technique it may soon be able to be used with humans. Although Poo says “ I would think society and the general public and government would not allow extension of this method from nonhuman primates to humans.” Therefore it does not look like this method will be used on humans anytime soon. The article an amazing job presenting information about the project and explains SCNT. I learned how basic cloning is done and it’s steps. This article relates to what we are learning in class because, we are learning about plant and animal cells and what is inside of them. Something that is missing from the article is talking a little bit more about the monkeys for example are they in good health and what are they doing now. I felt like there was sufficient information given in the article. To further strengthen the article I think that the author could have given more information on Dolly the sheep the world's first cloned mammal mentioned in the first paragraph of the article.
Books: a group of blank white pages where authors record memories, reveal what they imagined, and take us along on a ride through their minds. These past few weeks, I had been reading two popular novels that did in fact take me on that journey: The Outsiders written by S.E. Hinton, and Miracle’s Boys by Jacqueline Woodson. In no uncertain terms, I did notice that these two books could be compared to one another. Although these are two separate books, written by two different authors with separate journeys, they actually have great similarities and differences in the characters and plot.
Grace Paley’s “Samuel” and Kate Chopin’s “Désirée’s Baby” both deal with tragic deaths caused by peoples’ actions both directly and indirectly. These two short stories have similarities whose narrator tells the deaths of two young and innocent people who were the victims of a harsh and unsuspecting society. Paley’s “Samuel” is about a group of boys who are having fun on a subway train leaping from platform to platform between the cars. The adults are watching the children with mixed emotions. The men watching the boys reminisce back to memories of their childhood; while the women are angrily showing discontent on their faces directed at the boys. The action of one of the passengers causes the train to come to a halt throwing one of the boys
Switched at birth T.V. shows has two characters by the name Bay and Daphne who were switched at birth as babies and raised in different environments. Bay Kennish ,lives with her mom Kathryn ( Lea Thompson). Daphne was deaf while living with single mother Regina Vasquez( Constance Marie). Switched at birth in the sequence with its use of sign language for Daphne and the show’s main characters is not deaf in real life. Daphne use sign language and got disease at age 20 with her loss of hearing. On switched at birth she communicates voice and sign language at same time with deaf or hard of hearing and people. Lea Thompson said ‘’there a lot of deaf people those who have thoughts in the deaf community.’’
The house is dark and eerily quiet. This shows how not only tone but description of the setting is used to create suspense in that sentence. In the “Landlady,” by Roald Dahl introduction to Bill Waver, who is intrigued by this nice place called the “Bed and Breakfast”, and never got to leave. In the “The Monkey’s Paw,” W.W Jacob introduction is Herbert and Mr. White who receive a monkey paw that has three wishes but something went bad on the second wish. Therefore, suspense is depicted in both Roald Dahl's short story, "The Landlady" and W.W Jacob short story, "The Monkey's Paw" through the use of tone and description of the setting.
This tadpole was reported to have developed normally. In 1975 SCNT was again used to create a mammalian embryo from an enucleated rabbit egg and a rabbit nucleus. The embryo resulting from this experiment was not placed into a womb, so it never developed into a full rabbit. In 1985 SCNT was used by scientists to create three lambs. The lambs were made by using nuclei from early embryonic cells, not adult cells. This experiment was considered successful because this was the first time a mammal was successfully cloned using SCNT. In 1997 a primate was cloned using SCNT to fuse embryonic cells and enucleated primate egg cells. The result, after implantation into a womb, was primates. Also in 1997, a sheep was created using SCNT. This experiment was significant because she was made from genetically engineered cells with “factor nine”. After birth, this cloned, transgenic sheep produced the same “factor nine” proteins in her milk. There could be many applications for similar types of cloning in the future of medicine. From 1998 to 2000, mice, a cow, pigs, and a goat were all cloned using SCNT. In 2007, somatic stem cells were created from a primate through SCNT by fusing an adult monkey nucleus and an enucleated egg cell. This is one of the first examples of successful therapeutic cloning and led many scientists to wonder about the possibility of therapeutic cloning in humans. In 2003 a human cloning company, Clonaid, claimed to have produced the first human clone named Eve. There has been no DNA evidence to support this statement and many have concluded that this is a false claim. In 2013, OHSU was able to turn human skin cells into embryonic stem cells, which was a huge cloning
Eden Robinson’s Monkey Beach is set in the small, coastal village of Kitamaat, on the
Of the millions of people who lived in camps during the Holocaust, there were about two thousand twins who were experimented on. They were the pride of a German man who worked at Auschwitz from 1943-1945. His name was Dr. Josef Mengele. He was researching human genetics and diseases. He liked this one certain group more than he liked the rest though. He would always handpick them out so he could do research on them and their family history. Being a twin in Auschwitz was worse that working in a camp, because they were separated from their families, experimented on, and brutally murdered.
Have you ever imagined what life would be like if we could eliminate human problems? This is the question that arises when the issue of human cloning or human cloning of the organs is brought up. Cloning is the process where organisms, cells, or microorganisms are copied to produce an almost identical genotype. In other words, the cloning process involves taking a cell from the tissue of a live animal or human, inserting all or some of the genes from that cell into an embryo, which is then placed in the womb of a living creature. There, this embryo is hoped to reproduce into a child, and be born as a clone of the living being from which the cell is taken. Cloning is also called "somatic cell nuclear transfer," it is the transfer of a nucleus of a somatic cell to an egg that has had its nucleus removed. Cloning is beneficial to humanity, and it can help solve organ limitations, cure diseases, and take a giant step toward immortality (Anderson, 60).
Since 1885, there have been a number of researchers, scientists, geneticists, reproductive technologists and embryologists, such as August Weismann, Hans Spemann, Walter Sutton, Paul Berg, Steen Willadsen, et al., who have contributed much to the research and development of our current concepts of cloning. Particularly two of the more recent renowned contributors to cloning research and experimentation are Ian Wilmut, a Ph. D. in animal genetic engineering, and Richard Seed, who founded Fertility and Genetics in the 1980s.
Eden Robinson is a Haisla writer who was born at Haisla Nation Kitimaat Reserve on 19th January 1968 (“Eden Robinson” 2007). She has a Haisla father and a Heiltsuk mother and spent both her childhood and her adolescence in the Reserve (“Eden Robinson” 2007). Robinson obtained a bachelor’s degree in Fine Arts at the University of Victoria and also earned a master’s degree in Creative Writing at the University of British Columbia (“Eden Robinson” 2007). Monkey Beach is her first novel and was published in 2000 (“Eden Robinson” 2007).
Spearmann thought of cloning as a way to study cell differentiation. Briggs and King used the technique of nuclear transfer on amphibians and it was successful (Campbell). “Subsequently John Gurdon demonstrated the potential to reprogram differentiated cells by producing adult Xenopus using epithelial cells from developing tadpole intestine as nuclear donors,” says Alberio Campbell. Unfortunately, later studies show that this method of cloning tadpoles didn’t allow them to develop to the adult stage of life (Campbell). “The use of enucleated metaphase II oocytes as recipient cytoplasts proved more successful and in 1986 resulted in the production of live lambs using blastomeres from 8 to 16-cell stage embryos as nuclear donors,” says Campbell. This success in sheep was also used on other mammals such as cattle and swine. There were limitations to the technology. First, the “frequency development was very low”...
Cloning is the procedure used for obtaining an exact genetic replica of another cell, tissue, or organisms with the same genetic information. The copied material, which has the same genetic makeup as the original, is referred to as a clone. Cloning of plants has been happening for hundreds and thousands of years. However, human cloning had not been thought of before until the successful cloning of the first animal, Dolly the sheep, in 1996. The birth of Dolly was a major scientific and technological breakthrough. However, it also raised the possibility of human cloning, as well as many medical and ethical issues and concerns associated with this possibility. Following the cloning of Dolly, many other animals, including cows and mice have been successfully cloned. In 2013, over decades of challenges, Shoukhrat Mitalipov, an American biologist who heads the Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy,
Monkey King, also known as Sun Wukong, which is a main character in the Chinese classical novel Journey to the West. Monkey King can be found in many stories and adaptions. The novel Journey to the West or Monkey King tells of a simian’s revolt against Heaven, of its defeat by the Buddha, and of its later being recruited as pilgrim to protect the monk Tripitaka on its quest for scriptures in India (Lai, 1994). So far, Monkey King has become one of the most enduring Chinese literary characters, it has a colorful cultural history and varied background. Monkey King is also considered by some scholars to be influenced by both the Hindu deity Hanuman from the Ramayana and elements of Chinese folklore (Subbaraman, 2002). The original Chinese novel Journey to the West is one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature. It published in the 16th century during the Ming Dynasty and attributed to Wu Cheng’en (Babara S, 1994). The achievement of the novel has drawn widespread attention, various reasons support its popularity. This easy will analyse the varied background, cultural history, social environment of Monkey King, the novel Journey to the West and its author Wu Cheng’en. Furthermore why this novel for many years by the world's attention. It is obvious that the historical reasons of this extraordinary achievement are diverse.
Monkey’s Paw Prequel There was once an old fakir who lived in India. He created something that was called “the monkey’s paw.” The monkey’s paw could grant three wishes. The old fakir saw a man walking by who was just staring at the ground looking at the dirt.. The old fakir said “Would you like to buy this monkey’s paw?
The process of cloning is very complicated and involves making a genetically identical organism through non-sexual means (Olson). There are different ways to produce a clone, but one of the most common procedures is carried out by cell nuclear replacement. This procedure is often used because it is easier to target specific genes, so the DNA strands can be altered (Olson). In this procedure, the donor egg and a somatic cell from the animal are used to be cloned. The nucleus, which contains the genetic material, is removed from the donor egg and replaced with the nucleus from the cell of the animal to be cloned. "This creates a cloned embryo, which is then stimulated to begin dividing" (Centre).