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Reasons why people commit crimes
Causation of theory of crime
Reasons why people commit crimes
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The movie I chose to write about was “Lincoln Lawyer”. Throughout this movie there were several scenes that resembled aspects found in some of the theories of crime that I read about in the book. The “main” criminal in this movie, Lewis, committed crimes that may be explained by, Trait Theory, Sociological Theories, Behavior Theory and Psychopath. Trait Theory suggests that the criminal behavior that one may partake in is related to personality traits inherited at birth. “Psychological traits are stable personality patterns that tend to endure throughout the life course and across social and cultural contexts.” (Schmalleger, 2016) This theory also suggests that these traits give criminals “predispositions to respond to a given situation in …show more content…
This theory applies to Lewis because the family that he came from and the money that he comes from makes him believe he can commit crimes and get away with them. In the movie after the mother broke into the house and the defense attorney said that the family set him up she replies that he must not know who they are, implying that the family has some sort of power and the ability to do as they please legal or not. “Social structure theories explain crime by reference to the economic and social arrangements of society.” (Schmalleger, 2016) The fact that Lewis had already committed the same type of crime and was able to get away with it led him to doing it again and feeling invincible to the law. He told his cellmate that he could get away with it …show more content…
The book states that “Stimulus response theory of human behavior, [is] when an individual’s behavior results in rewards or feedback that the individual regards as pleasurable and desirable, then that behavior will likely become more frequent.” (Schmalleger, 2016) Not only was Lewis a murderer but he was a rapist who enjoyed dominating, violating, raping, and terrorizing prostitutes. The second woman he attacked look very similar to the first showing that he had a type that stimulated this behavior in him. Lewis got off sexually on these raping women and in turn it made his attacks more frequent or occur
As I was completing this assignment, I was watching the infamous Netflix documentary entitled Making a Murderer. The documentary follows the story of Steven Avery, who is currently in prison for the death of a woman, Teresa Halbach, in 2005. Steven Avery has been denying any involvement in the murder of Teresa Halbach for the past eleven years. In the middle of the reading, the documentary was exploring and analyzing Steven Avery’s deviant behavior as a young man (Making). As I observed what was being discussed about Steven Avery, I was able to build the connection between how society, and the community from which he came from, perceived Steven Avery and what Kai Erikson discussed in the first couple pages of the book with regards to deviance and its relation with regards to society.
Class structure within the criminal justice system helps determine the types of crimes individuals will commit. There are 3 Theories of Class & Crime that are described to explain crime in terms of the social environment, including the family, school, peer group, workplace, community, and society. The first theory of Class & Crime is History of All Hitherto Class Struggle by Karl Marx (1968). He was influenced that the forces of production in an industrial civilization gave the simple tools for the community to change. Therefore, social conflict will eventually overthrow the production. Meaning, abused classes will run riot against their dictators. For instance, Marx considers that any one is the holder of equality, one is the subject who
“Crime myths are powerful constructions of reality because they speak to our personal values and beliefs and are steeped in rich symbolism, which reinforces those values and belief.” (Kappeler & Potter, 2004) Crime myths are created when a series of fictional events that are later altered so that they become social and political problems. The media plays a major role in the creation of crime myths they broadcast images and videos to go along with the crime myths, they also use social context that play on humans thought on the community seeing it as unsafe. Myths also contain some measure of economic conditions that then cause reactions by politicians to create new laws to prevent these myths from becoming major problems in the criminal justice system. (K&P, 2004) In order for a statement to be characterized as a crime myth, if the crimes instill fear and threaten the vast majority of society. (K&P,2004) Crime myths are made up of components that targets and identify of a distinct deviant population, they involve innocent and helpless victims, the emergence of brave and virtuous hearos ,comes as a threat to peoples established norms, values, or traditional lifestyles.
This theory believes the criminal was provoked or encourage by the victim. Then there’s the Deviant Place Theory, the best way to explain this theory is being in the wrong place at the wrong time. Then there is the Routine Activity Theory, a theory that can be calculated by different risk factors in your life, for example, if you live in a bad neighborhood and you go on vacation your risk of getting robbed is higher. Finally is the Lifestyle Theory. This theory basically states that you are as good as who you hang out with. Personally I agree with this theory. I believe that some personalities can be molded by the people they hang out with, so if they hang out with people with negative personalities eventually they will develop negative traits. For example, on Oct 26 2012 Joshua Smith made a decision to take his mother's life. As a young teen he would hang out with thugs and always tried to get ''street cred''. Eventually Joshua Smith became aggravated with his mother because she wouldn't allow him to do things his so called crew did. In the end he made the decision to take his mother's life and is now serving 25 to 27 years in
An integrated theory is a combination of 2 or 3 theories that offers many explanations on why crime is occurring, compared to a traditional criminal theory that just focus on one type of aspect (Lilly et al.2010). The purpose of integrated theories is to help explain many aspects into what causes criminal behavior and why one becomes delinquent. From this an argument arises can integrated theories be used to explain all criminal behavior. Integrated theories are successful in explaining certain aspects of crime on what causes one to become deviant; however one theory alone cannot explain why an individual engages in crime. This paper will examine three integrated theories and look in-depth how these theories can explain different aspects on why criminal behavior occurs and the weakness of each theory. The three integrated theories that will be discussed in this paper are Cloward and Ohlin Differential Opportunity theory, Robert Agnew General Strain theory, and lastly Travis Hirschi’s Social Bond theory.
This article starts out first by listing the past theories and how the relate to the current theories of today. These theories include the Classical theory (punishment can deter criminal activity), Biological Positivism (Biological and mental traits at birth make people more prone to crime), Sociological Theory (Social status is determinant of criminal behavior), Psychological Theory (Negative experiences/incomplete mental development contribute to criminal behavior, and Anthropological Theory (Criminal behavior determined by physiological traits). These theories main ideas can be found in many of the current theories we have today. These theories include Rational Choice Theory (Crime can be prevented by punishments), Contemporary Choice Theory (Behavior is determined by biological traits), Psychodynamic Trait Theory (Criminal behavior caused by the ego, Social Structure Theory (Living conditions cause crime), and Social Conflict Theory (The government is causing increased criminal activity). This article also gives some information on criminal behavior related to genetics. Recently, in the last few years genetics have been playing a bigger role in determining what causes crimes. This article gives us a few statistics; those who are adopted but have biological parents who have committed crimes are more likely to commit a crime as well and babies who showed less self-control from 0 to 3 weeks are more likely to commit crimes in the future. The role of genetics in the cause of crime will continued to be
There are numerous theories in place to help understand, and study the criminal mind. Social structure theory looks at the environment as a whole. Where social processing looks at the procedure
Katz’s Seductions of Crime Theory can be used to provide an explanation of why the teenager committed such a tragic crime that resulted in manslaughter. Katz (1988) proposed that criminal behaviour is greatly influenced by certain qualities and gains that crime encompasses. As the 16-year-old boy’s crime of a joyride is viewed as being extremely exhilarating and pleasurable, it can be suggested that there are tempting qualities of deviancy (Lyng, 2014). For this reason, the teenager may have chosen to perpetrate this crime and ignore the deadly consequences simply influenced by the momentary pleasure of that crime. Additionally, it can be suggested that the teenager tried to establish importance or a sense of superiority, by acting out against
Psychological theories of criminal behavior emphasize criminal thinking patterns or personality defects. These theories emphasize individual differences in behavior and the approaches to thinking, feeling, and decision-making that make some people predisposed to committing criminal acts.
They also explore the myths about the connection between genetic factors and criminal behavior. The first myth they looked at was “Identifying the Role of Genetics in Criminal Behavior Implies That There Is a “Crime Gene.”” This myth is dismissed because of the unlikelihood that that a single gene is responsible for criminal behavior. The second myth they look at is “Attributing Crime to Genetic Factors is Deterministic.” This myth is also easily dismissed because of the fact that just because someone has a predisposition to a certain behavior doesn’t mean that the person will take on that behavior.
Theory is an important part of discovering and understanding why people commit crime. It is difficult to understand how a prejudice or bias towards someone can be linked to criminal behavior. The general theory of crime coined by Travis Hirschi and Michael Gottfredson can be applied to hate crime. The general theory of crime explains that people are born pre-disposed to crime and that they have natural tendencies to commit crime (Tibbetts, 2015, p 161). The only difference between those who are criminals and non-criminals would be their self-control (Tibbetts, 2015, p 161). Self-control is a key component to the general theory of crime. Not everyone acts on his or her thoughts of someone criminally, or even at all. The difference between people who do not choose to commit crime, would be their difference in self-control. People who commit crime have low self-control, and people who are law-abiding citizens have high self-control.
I agree with Giselle in that the most compelling crime theory out of the four would be the individual level as it stands as the basis in developing responses to the other three theories of crime. While any social or group level interactions have an undeniable influence, these theories have drawbacks when comparing those individuals who have given into delinquency with those who have been brought up in the same community, socioeconomic surroundings and surrounded by the same peers yet haven’t participated in criminal or delinquent behaviour. Therefore, I think it is fascinating to consider the ways and individual’s personality, beliefs, morals, attitudes and to some degree their biology shape their understanding and responses to crime, to whether
Someone who usually commits a crime at a young age is often identified as a born criminal, these reckless actions for a helpless and innocent child are passed down as a result of hereditary traits that pass from one generation to the next. It is said that these offending children do not know any better because of their traits, and the enviroment that they are brought up in (Erikson 1964). These children specialize in crime and delinquency just as others may specialize in the classroom or sports. They aren’t able to tell the difference between a deviant act or something productive such as an A in the classroom.
If one were to look up the definition of the word theory, they might find a meaning that pertains to words such as philosophy or a hypothesis. Theories exist in all aspects of life in order to give us explanations of why a certain phenomenon exists. This is extremely evident in the area of criminal justice. One phenomenon I am interested in is the human element during the juvenile years. Throughout I will examine why at an early age some juveniles choose one option that leads to a life of no crime and others choose an option that leads to criminal activity at an early age and then eventually as an adult. Throughout I will bring to the attention some theories of this varied behavior that have been discussed over the years and explain why I agree or disagree with such theories.
One of the basic assumptions underlying any detective novel is a sense of social order. The novelist assumes that the reader agrees that killing people is wrong; it does not matter if the victims are exemplary citizens or odious individuals, it is the mere act of snuffing out anothers life that is against the social order. In P.D. James A Mind To Murder, Nurse Marion Bolams murder of her stuffy and self-righteous cousin Enid illustrates a situation where the nurse and her invalid mother had suffered from her cousins stinginess; James gives us a clear look at the murderers fear that if Enid had been given time to change her will as she had threatened to do, the Marion and her mother would never get the money to which they considered themselves entitled. However, James urges us to understand, this does not matter. Murder, for whatever reason it is committed, is still murder, and it is always wrong.