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Contrasting criminology theories
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The best way to prevent crimes in the community is to have all agencies affected by crime, working together to minimize the influence of crime. I call this theory, ONE SYSTEM. The numerous theories I studied have one common goal, to understand. The question we must ask ourselves is have we mastered the evolution needed to bring change on a social or individual level? I will assess some of the different criminology theories, the pros and cons of the one system theory, in order to adequately understand if one system theory will truly be effective. There are numerous theories in place to help understand, and study the criminal mind. Social structure theory looks at the environment as a whole. Where social processing looks at the procedure …show more content…
It was developed, after I watch several family members get incarcerated. As a child, I witness several negative police interactions and brutality within my own community. Government officials that were running for a political campaign would come into our neighborhood take pictures with the youth use it in their political campaign but never really interact or understand our concerns. I became one of the few anomalies in my community. Because all of the negative I experience in my community did not detour my expectations of graduating high school and even accomplishing it a year early. The pros of one system is it would partner up individual police officers and local government officials such as mayors, county commissioners with youth allowing them to mentor children from under privilege communities. This would allow children from broken communities who are raised by a single parent home to the repair the breach caused by the abandonment of that missing parent. Allowing communities as a whole to participate in developing that child, an old African proverb says, “It takes a village to raise a child.” Monthly, a counselor would meet with that child to review and document progress. The con would be the length of time this research would take. Another issue would be the challenge of getting students to open up and bond with the different
Trait Theory suggests that the criminal behavior that one may partake in is related to personality traits inherited at birth. “Psychological traits are stable personality patterns that tend to endure throughout the life course and across social and cultural contexts.” (Schmalleger, 2016) This theory also suggests that these traits give criminals “predispositions to respond to a given situation in
Social process theory views criminality as a function of people's interactions with organizations institutions and processes in society. Social process theorists believe that children learn to commit crime by interacting with, and modeling the behaviors of others they admire or respect. Social process theory focuses on upbringing and socialization, which stems from parents, peers, or teachers (Siegel, 2011, p. 13-14).
...ifferent crime patterns and thought processes of criminals. The reasons can only come from these theories and will help the justice systems become more prepared to react towards different crimes. However, with adding some enhancements, projects and experiments these two theories have the potential to change the criminology realm forever.
Criminals have been linked to many theories. Some are absurd, to others being logical. As a nation, we only make 5% of the world’s population. Yet, we hold 25% of the world 's population of prisoners. Many can be missing a superego from the psychodynamic psychology. Others just grew up with criminals like differential association. To many not seeing themselves at fault, but try to make the act they did less severe than it actually was, like in neutralization theory.
People are uniquely different and because of this reason, they do have different behaviors. Crime is one kind of behavior that an individual can engage in. They are punishable by the law and may be prosecuted by the state (Helfgott, 2008). There are different theories existing that try to explain the actions of criminals. They deeply explain what causes an individual to commit a criminal activity. This paper discusses some examples of the biological theories, social theories and psychological theories of crime.
Criminal behavior can mostly be explained by the Biosocial Branch of Trait Theory. Individual traits by themselves cannot determine criminality. Outside factors such as the environment along with certain personality traits is what causes criminal behavior.
While the study of criminal justice and the formation of criminal justice theories are largely molded by several other disciplines such as psychology and sociology (Wellford, 2007), the study of criminal justice has grown and it is time for it to stand alone as its own scientific discipline. Crime theories are developed through studying individuals and assessing as well as their environment and other social aspects. These theories are then used to help form policies in order to deter the individual or group from committing further crimes. Criminal justice theories are not only used for crime but there are also theories which aid criminal justice personnel in the application of the practices that they use. The criminal justice policies are implemented
Crime control, consisting of many elements of prevention and punishment, is a widely debated and often contentious topic. Myriad agendas occur in government and society, depending upon the kind of organizational or philosophical objective trying to be met. Political differences are present within the criminal justice system that draw upon certain models, techniques, and methods associated with crime prevention. Society functions as another element in crime control, as often an underlying fear creates a pressure to enact programs and laws. The media enters in as a forum to present conservative and liberal opinions to enact and enforce criminal laws and punishment. A debate over crime often strives to define prevention and punishment, in models that make these terms mutually exclusive, versus a view that crime prevention is a result, and punishment only one possible tool for achieving that result. Different forms of punishment will be discussed in relationship to the criminal justice system as well as the purpose the punishment serves, problems relating to the punishment, and an opinion on improvements and solutions.
Criminology is the study of crime and criminals; a branch of sociology. More accurately, it is the study of crime as a social trend, and its overall origins, its many manifestations and its impact upon society as a whole. That makes it more a form of sociology than a law enforcement tool. But the trends it studies have a huge impact on the way the police do their jobs, the way society treats its criminals, and the way a given community goes about maintaining law and order. The writer will describe and give examples of the three perspectives of viewing crimes. The perspectives that will be highlighted are the consensus view, the conflict view or the interactionist view. Each perspective maintain its own interpretation of what constitutes criminal activities and what causes people to engage in criminal behaviors (Siegel, p.12).
A person might find him- or herself interested in discovering what it is that makes a criminal take the path that he or she does. Is it a personal choice? Coincidence? Circumstance? What exactly is it that starts an individual down a pathway that leads to a criminal life or leads them down a path towards "normal" life within the law? Criminology, or the study of the scientific factors behind criminal behavior, points to the answer of that. As is typical with most sciences, however, there is no one, conclusive answer to all or any of these questions. The field of criminology is loaded with a variety of theories, each with a probability of being true, but none is believed to be the standalone explanation of the total science of the study of criminal behavior.
The system theory helps one to understand adult with disabilities in terms of their needs, bio-psycho, social, spiritual, and cultural dimensions. This theory also helps one to understand the well-being of adults with disabilities and the quality of life they seek to achieve. (Hutchison, 2013) This theory depicts how family members, church congregation, careers, and government programs are interrelated parts that constitute adults with disabilities to live as close to normal as possible. (Hutchison, 2013) The cultural dimensions depend on family members, the neighborhood and the adults with disabilities social surrounding. (McKnight & Block) Ethnicity also plays a large part of the adults with disabilities culture
Bartol, A. M., & Bartol, C. R. (2011). Criminal behavior: A psychological approach (9th ed).
Understanding Psychology and Crime; Perspectives on Theory and Action, New York. PENNINGTON, D ( 2002) , Introducing Psychology: Approaches, Topics and Methods, London, Hodder Arnold TANNENBAUN, B, (2007),Profs link criminal behaviour to genetics [online] , Available at: http://thedp.com/index.php/article/2007/11/profs_link_criminal_behavior_to_genetics [accessed 16th October 2011]. http://www.docstoc.com/docs/41182390/Explanations-of-Criminal-behaviour
Criminology is the complex study of why crime happens, when it happens, by whom and who is the victim. Criminology encompasses multiple fields and they all work together to help us understand the world that we live in. Through criminology, we hold out hope that in the end good will prevail. We have come far from the days of Cesare Beccaria, Jeremy Bentham, Richard Dugdale, and many others. When looking at the progression of criminology, we can see that without those pioneers in the beginning, we would not be where we are today. Classical, Neoclassical, Biological, and Psychological theories are each very different, but compliment one another as a jigsaw puzzle that in the end is a map for us to follow.
Different schools of thought propose varying theoretical models of criminality. It is agreeable that criminal behaviour is deep rooted in societies and screams for attention. Biological, Social ecological and psychological model theories are key to helping researchers gain deeper comprehension of criminal behaviour and ways to avert them before they become a menace to society. All these theories put forward a multitude of factors on the outlooks on crime. All these theories have valid relevancy to continuous research on criminal behaviour.