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Democratic peace theory levy 1988
Democratic peace theory levy 1988
Democratic peace theory levy 1988
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Democratic Peace Theory The concept of the Democratic Peace Theory is based on the idea that whether states are likely to go to war or choose peace depends on the type of political system they have. There are three sub divisions 1) Monadic; Democracies that tend to be generally peaceful and are not likely to go to war, although people (can you identify people) who argue this only examine the years 1960-1970. 2) Dyadic; This version is the most accepted amongst theorists, very peaceful among one another, only likely to go to war against non allies. 3) Systematic; This is a union of states like the UN or NATO. In most literature on the this topic the two main views or interpretations of this theory (Normative logic & Institutional logic) can be formed. In my opinion there is better transparency in the Institutional logic, for this reason I have based my essay on why I think this is the case with reference to many studies carried out over the last half a century. Few findings in political science have been scrutinized so closely as the “democratic peace,” the identification that democracies almost never fight other democracies (Doyle 1983; Russett 1993). To some, the truancy of military conflict among democracies is so invariable that it approaches the status of an “empirical law” (Levy 1988) Some authors and theorists have strived to explain the democratic peace by drawing attention to the role of public opinion. They witness that democratic leaders are beholden to voters, and claim that voters reject war because of its human and financial costs. This altercation, which dates to Immanuel Kant, predicts that democracies will react peacefully in general—avoiding war not only against democracies, but also against autocracies. Hist... ... middle of paper ... ...ion of the liberal argument." European Journal of International Relations 1.4. Rosato, S. (2003). "The flawed logic of democratic peace theory." American Political Science Review 97. Rosenau, J. (1961). "Public Opinion and Foreign Policy: An Operational Formulation." Rummel, R. (1979). "Understanding Conflict and war." War, Power, Peace. 4. Russett, B. (1993). "Grasping the Democratic Peace: Principles for a Post-Cold War World." Princeton University Press. Russett, B., Oneal, John. (2001). "Triangulating Peace: Democracy, Interdependence, and International Organizations." New York: Norton. Sobel, R. (2001). "The Impact of Public Opinion on U.S foreign Policy since Vietnam." Oxford University Press. Tomz, M. (2013). "Public Opinion and the Democratic Peace." American Political Science Review 3. Wildavsky, A. (1966). "The Two Presidencies." Society 4(2): 7-14.
1. Janda, Kenneth. The Challenge of Democracy. Houghton Mifflin Co. Boston, MA. 1999. (Chapter 3 & 4).
Kagan, Donald. On the Origins of War and the Preservation of Peace. New York: Anchor Books Doubleday, 1995.
Rosato, S. (2003). The flawed logic of the democratic peace theory. The American Political Science Review, 97(4), 585–602.
Wendt, Alexander. “Constructing International Politics.” International Security. Cambridge: President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. 71-81. Print.
Mingst, K. (2011). Essentials of international relations. (5th ed., p. 70-1). New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Company
The democratic peace theory postulates that liberal democracies are hesitant and unlikely to engage in armed conflict with other democracies. This idea dates back centuries to German philosopher Immanuel Kant and other 18th-century Enlightenment thinkers. By examining the political similarities, economic system, geographical location, and other factors of generic democracies, proponents of the democratic peace theory argue that democracies have a vested interest not to war with one another. However, other forms of government are exempt from these principles unique to democracies. Autocracies, a system of government which assigns one individual absolute power and control, violate all facets of the democratic peace theory. Autocracies lack the
In order for countries to cohesively overcome international barriers, frameworks of ideal political standards must be established. Two of these frameworks constantly discussed in international relations are the theories of Neo-realism and Liberalism; two theories with their own outlook at the way politicians should govern their country as well as how they should deal with others. Neo-realism lies on the structural level, emphasizing on anarchy and the balance of power as a dominant factor in order to maintain hierarchy in international affairs. In contrast, Liberalism's beliefs are more permissive, focusing on the establishments of international organizations, democracy, and trade as links to strengthen the chain of peace amongst countries. Liberalism provides a theory that predominantly explains how states can collaborate in order to promote global peace; however, as wars have been analyzed, for example World War II, the causes of them are better explained by Neo-realist beliefs on the balance of power and states acting as unitary actors. Thus, looking out for their own self interest and security.
Barry, Brian. "Is Democracy Special?" in Philosophy, Politics, & Society, 5th Series, ed. Peter Laslett & James Fishkin. Hew Haven: Yale University Press, 1979.
Kagan, Donald. On the Origins of War and the Preservation of Peace. New York: Doubleday, 1995.
Christiano, Tom. "Democracy." The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Stanford University, 27 July 2006. Web. 4 Nov. 2013.
When discussing whether or not a nation-state should enter a war and when to do so, three beliefs on foreign policy and war exist. The three different diplomatic stances are that of pacifism, just war theory, and political realism. Political realism, or realpolitik as it is often referred to, is the belief war should only occur when it is in the national interest of the particular nation-state. Henry Kissinger, a political realist, in his book Diplomacy argues that realism is the only logical answer. Just war theorists, along with pacifists, on the other hand oppose these arguments and therefore critique of this form of diplomatic action. To construct a valid understanding of the realist perspective the arguments Kissinger puts forth in his book Diplomacy will be examined, and then a critique of those arguments will be offered through a just war theorist perspective.
Hoffman, J. & Graham, P. (2009), Introduction to Political Theory, 2nd Edition: London: Pearson Education Limited.
The democratic peace theory was not always seen as the substantial argument and significant contribution to the field of International Relations that it is today. Prior to the 1970’s, it was the realist and non-realist thought that took preeminence in political theoretical thinking. Though the democratic peace theory was first criticized for being inaccurate in its claim that democracy promotes peace and as such democracies do not conflict with each other, trends, statistical data, reports have suggested and proved that the democratic peace theory is in fact valid in its claim. Over the years, having been refined, developed and amended, it is now most significant in explaining modern politics and it is easy to accept that there is indeed a lot of truth in the stance that democracy encourages peace. The democratic peace theory is a concept that is largely influenced by the likes of Immanuel Kant, Wilson Woodrow and Thomas Paine.
Kegley, Charles W Jr., and Raymond, Gregory A. From War to Peace. New York: St. Martins Press, 2001.
Wanis-St. John, Anthony, 'Peace Processes, Secret Negotiations and Civil Society: Dynamics of Inclusion and Exclusion', International Negotiation, 13 (2008) 1–9, at http://www.aupeace.org/files/Wanis,%20Intro%20JIN%2013.1.pdf .