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Merits and demerits of hackers and crackers
Cyberculture, Essay
Discuss hackers and crackers
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The Truth about Hackers
The Truth about Hackers In the winter of the year 2000 an eighteen year old hacker, who went by the name Curador accessed about 26, 000 credit card numbers and put them on the internet. With the help of an ex-hacker, Curador was eventually tracked down and sentenced. All of this was explained in a frontline interview with Curador himself also known as Raphael Gray. Who are these so called hackers? Are peoples assumptions about teenage hackers correct? In 1995 the movie Hackers portrayed the images and lifestyles of hackers similar to the one mentioned above. The characters in Hackers show a media example of finding themselves in cyberspace by forming a community which creates their own boundaries. According to Coppin, hacking is the process of writing and reading code. People who code in an open range of society are hackers. The term a hack is often meant as a fast and dirty solution. Hackers are often confused with hackers are crackers. Crackers are people who break into or crack computer security systems (Coppin). In Hackers, high school cyberpunk teenagers get together and associate with the rave lifestyle known as techno. Due to the medias portrayal of the average hacker, people constantly associate hackers as teens with a love for techno music and rave-like gatherings. This is not necessarily true. Anyone can be a hacker. Even those with a family, a job, and an ideal lifestyle, including females have the potential of being a hacker. Therefore, no stereotypical labels should be placed on hackers due to their possible diversity. Hackers influences the way people tend to associate how everyday hackers are supposed to be. Hackers also show how hackers form their own cyber communities. They share simil...
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Work Cited
Coppin, Sharon. Computer Hacking Statistics. August 2003. 30 September 2003. <html://www.amu.edu.au/mail- archives/link/link0008/0255.html>
Gordon, Sarah. Studying the Psychology of Virus Writers and Hackers. March 2003. 30 September 2003. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/hackers/ whoare/psycho.html>
Gray, (Curador) Raphael. Who are Hackers? March 2003. 30 September 2003. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/hackers/whoare. html> Hackers. Dir. Iain Softly. Metro Goldwyn Mayer, 1995.
Holeton, Richard. Composing Cyberspace Identity, Community, and Knowledge in the Electronic Age. The McGraw Hill Companies, Inc. 1998. Reid and Count Zero. Cult of the Dead Cow. March 2003. 30 September 2003. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/hackers/interviews/reidcount. html>
Dumke, Lisa Flores. “Depression Puts Teens at Risk.” Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Greenhaven, 2009. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.
In reality, most hackers are ordinary people with a great deal of curiosity, above-average skills with a computer, a good understanding of human nature, and plenty of time to kill. Hackers have no distinguishing characteristics. Your next-door neighbor could be a hacker, as could your niece or nephew, one of your co-workers, or even the kid who serves you coffee in the morning. Not all hackers are dangerous and out to destroy business or damage lives. The view of the general public toward hackers is mixed. A recent CNN-poll shows 33% of respondents labeling hackers as "useful," 17% seeing them "as a menace," and the majority (45%) seeing hackers as "both" useful and a menace (CNN, 1999).
In this book Sterling discusses three cyberspace subcultures known as the hacker underworld, the realm of the cyber cops, and the idealistic culture for the cyber civil libertarians. At the beginning of the story Sterling starts out with discussing the birth of cyberspace and how it came about. The Hacker Crackdown informs the readers of the issues surrounding computer crime and the people on all sides of those problems. Sterling gives a brief summary of what cyberspace meant back then and how it impacted society, and he investigates the past, present and future of computer crimes. For instance he explains how the invention of the telephone led to a world that people were scared of because the telephone was something that was able to let people talk to one another without actually being in the same area. People thought that it was so strange and so different because they didn’t understand all of the information behind it. Back then people thought of the telephone as a tool that allowed others to talk to them in a way that was so personal yet impersonal. Sterling then goes on to explain how “phone phreaks” played such an important part in relating the telephones to computer crimes and how they were so closely related back then.
The documentary Rise of the Hackers, focuses on the rising criminal use of hacking and how it is effecting multiple areas of technology. The documentary describes simple and complicated situations concerning hacking, but there still questions that must be answered when it comes to hacking and crime. The main question is in trying to determine why a person would choose to commit computer hacking. There are various theories already present within the criminal justice system that may explain at a micro-level and macro-level. These theories would explain why offenders would commit the crimes, but it may not answer the full scope of the question. The Routine Activities Theory would help to explain why offenders offend, why victims are victimized,
Imagine a world where there is no standard state-set curfew on every single teenager. Doesn’t that sound like the world we live in? Even though we have a state curfew, barely anyone even acknowledges it. It’s not like you hear about crimes committed by teenagers every single night because they were out past their curfew. That’s because most of us have parents. And most of them care. The government, however, chooses to disregard the fact that we have parents/legal guardians, and that it’s their job to set such rules for us.
"The Heart of the Well" " Composing Cyberspace Edited by Rich Holeton, San Fransisco: McGraw Hill, 1998, 151-163
"Finding One's Own in Cyberspace." Composing Cyberspace. Richard Holeton. United States: McGraw-Hill, 1998. 171-178. SafeSurf. Press Release.
Strict rules create rebellious teens. Many people think that curfews are a fundamental way to keeping teens out of trouble, but this is not the case. Curfews are neither applicable, justified, nor are they a way to diminish criminal activities committed by adolescents. Curfews are ultimately useless because there are too many reasons that contradict why a curfew would work.
...e Animals and Satisfy Meat Eaters?” Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 21.6 (2008): 580-96. Web. 3 Apr. 2014.
Nearly all activities are flexible and can be altered to a different time without conflict. Providing teenagers with a set time limit on how long or late, they can be out of their home does not necessarily convey they will be obliged to cancel their plans, they would just be required to adjust the time. However, with teenagers being insurgent after having a curfew placed upon them, they will proceed to find a way around their curfew and participate in the activities they aspire to. Their parents’ viewpoints on their activities are ineffectual to nearly all teens so they forsake their parents' advice and become involved in them anyway. Nonetheless, there is a way to solve this, but not by imposing a curfew. If a parent genuinely desires to detain their teen from trouble they can talk to them and request that they modify the activities they participate in if the parents view it as an inappropriate idea or potentially leading their child down the wrong path. In conclusion, providing a teenager with a curfew will not detain them from doing the activities they
A curfew can be described as an order establishing a specific time in the evening after which certain regulations apply, especially that no civilians or other specified group of unauthorized persons may be outdoors or that places of public assembly must be closed (Dictionary.com). This definition refers to the curfews that are enacted in some states throughout the United States and some countries. A curfew can also be described as a regulation requiring a person to be home at a certain prescribed time, as imposed by a parent on a child (Dictionary.com). Local city curfew laws are enforced with the intension of reducing the juvenile crime rate. On the other hand, parents enforce curfews to keep teens safe, to protect them and to save them from getting involve in illicit things.
A false sense of security exists as one of the disadvantages of teenage curfews. Parents assume that when they force their children home at a certain time, they will not participate in anything immoral, but that is not always true. The Aspen Education Group states, “While a teenager staying out late can cause issues, it’s important not to use a curfew as a general answer to these possible problems” (Hatter 1). In realization, if teenagers obtain the desire to involve themselves in corrupt acts, they will find a way to do so no matter the time. Teenagers would feel more pressured to sneak out if their friends were participating in something that they could not be a part of due to their curfew. If parents rely on curfews to protect their children from negative activities, they will eventually notice teenagers contain their own willpower (Hatter 1).
Hydropower, the use of water to power machinery or produce electricity, provides the most renewable energy in the United States, and uses alternating current in most modern plants ("Hydropower…”). Hydropower relies on the water cycle and is a clean fuel source; it doesn’t pollute the environment like plants that burn fossil fuels. It is by far the most efficient way to generate electricity, being half the cost of using nuclear power, two-fifths the cost of using fossil fuels, and a quarter the cost of using natural gas ("Wind and Water…”). Also, hydropower is not subject to market fluctuations of embargos, and the average lifespan of a facility is 100 years. Hydropower also has many non-energy benefits such as water supply, flood control, navigation, irrigation, and recreation. However, it does face many environmental challenges such as impacts to aquatic habitats, aesthetic alterations of landscapes, changes to water quality, and interruptions of marine life ("Hydropower…”).
Curfew is the time at which you should be back home and safe. Most High Schooler’s will argue that “it’s stupid” and “I won’t get in trouble anyways”. Curfew for High Schooler’s and younger children is an excellent idea because it keeps students in line and out of possible trouble. If curfew was enforced it would eventually help kids be more responsible and trust worthy. Although some might think otherwise, High Schooler's are irresponsible and can not be trusted enough to not have a curfew.
The twenty first century today is challenged with countless trials such as energy consumption, global warming, and so on. Among those myriads of global issues, teen depression has become the most discussed topic concerning child mental health. When children reach the stage of adolescence, they arrive at a position in their lives when they must face significant transition and peer pressures. They are trying to identify with themselves and attempting to figure out where their puzzle piece fits in society. Teens go through enormous emotional and physical changes and when children finding themselves unable to adapt fast enough, they fall into the pit named depression. Teen depression is a major problem around the globe and is one of the major factor of causing teen pregnancy, alcoholism, drug abuse or even suicide. With an enormous amount of pressure coming from school, home, and even oneself, solutions for teen depression are needed to help teenagers through their most decisive moment of their life.