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Recommended: Assignment
The topic for today’s reading was Functional Communication: What It is and What It is Not. The assigned reading, Facilitated Communication—what harm it can do: Confessions of a former facilitator, presented the case story of the Wheaton daughter’s facilitator where she said that twenty years ago, she was the facilitator in the Wheaton case, a story featured on Frontline’s Prisoners of Silence and, later, in a 20/20 episode with Hugh Downs. She admitted to held Betsy Wheaton’s hand and typed out accusations against her family members. These accusations were graphic depictions of rape and sexual assault that had no bearing in reality. No physical evidence of abuse existed, but her words typed through the guise of FC, put in motion events that caused serious damage to many people including Betsy and her brother who were removed from their home to foster care, while her parents were charged. All this irreparable heartache was caused by my unshakeable belief in FC. During all this happened, she wanders how could she not noticed that she was moving the child’s hand for all this time, and realized that she was having conversations with herself. Also she expressed how everyone in the room, including the guardian ad litem, knew that FC was fake and that she was not the child’s facilitator but the one moving her arm. FC is more about the facilitator’s desire to connect with their disabled family member or client than it is about the disabled person’s ability to communicate through FC. On the other hand, the frontline video showed how non-verbal people with normal intelligence were able to have relevant conversations, and how this people treated as non-functional individuals were using keyboards to break the silence between children...
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...sition. This will avoid that cases as the one in the reading, where the facilitator unconsciously type things for the kids, continue to happen whenever programs similar to the facilitated communication are being used.
Finally, I do not believe that the problem per se is on the FC program but in the individuals that they are using to facilitate the communication between the child with autism and the people around them. I am not saying that this people have a twisted mind and that is why they type that their families sexually abused these kids, but that they are human and so can easily attach to the person and make mistakes as the one presented in both reading and video. Because as the facilitator expressed on the reading is the facilitator’s desire to connect with the child what makes them unconsciously stray from the goal of helping the kid to type by themselves.
We need to adapt our verbal communication accordingly to the different situations. Working on a learning activity it is important that the children are focused and that we deal with any distractions
The short documentary video “Prisoners of Silence” focuses on neurodevelopmental disorders with a clear emphasis on autism. It further delves into the rather controversial method of treatment for autism known as facilitated communication, which was first developed in the early 1990s. The video follows the introduction and ultimately the downfall of such a treatment as controversy quickly ensues after a series of sexual abuse cases and ample scientific evidence are produced.
The video begins by introducing a revolutionary new possibility in the understanding of what autism is and how to approach those persons afflicted. Through a technique called "facilitated language" many autistic children were seemingly freed from the inability to communicate. Many were able to "speak" freely through a letter keypad with the help of a facilitator or guide. There are stories upon stories of success - of students, teachers, families, etc.
In the novel Speak, the author Laurie Halse Anderson uses the protagonist, Melinda, to show the importance of verbal communication in healthy relationship. Laurie Halse Anderson includes events and altercations in which it is clear to the reader that it could’ve been avoided by communicating.The author brings the reader through a process that the protagonist goes through in the story of thawing out of the frozen shell she’s in where she can’t talk. Laurie Halse Anderson uses repetition to emphasize the importance of her face being frozen. In addition, she also includes events that Melinda faces with her family that shows lack of communication. Another way Laurie Halse Anderson shows how verbal communication is needed is by walking the reader through instances where if Melinda spoke her side and what she felt, there could’ve been a complete different outcome. Using different tactics, it is evident that Laurie Halse Anderson is emphasizing the importance of communication in her novel Speak.
“Your child has autism spectrum disorder” are words no parent wants to hear. They are words that will instill fear, worry, and sadness. When parents hear this for the first time, they will have many questions. “Is there anything I can do to help my child? If so, what can be done?” Early intervention services; such as applied behavior analysis therapy, occupational therapy, sensory integration therapy, and speech therapy before the age of three; can help improve the development of children with autism spectrum disorder. As an educator, early intervention is a subject teachers should be well educated in. It would be beneficial to the educator and the student, for a teacher to know and understand early intervention strategies.
Children with autism have multiple characteristic impairments in their social interaction skills. This results from the lack of “Theory of Mind” in autistic individuals. Autistic children have difficulty interpreting what another person may be thinking or feeling. Social impairments may cause the child to act inappropriately in social interactions and prevent the children from truly taking part in interactions. The children have difficulty recognizing social cues and responding to cues. Autistic children have a hard time forming relationships as a result of these impairments. Social stories, Applied Behavior Analysis, and Pivotal Response Training are three therapy techniques that help children with autism learn appropriate social behavior. Social stories allow the children to practice the situation in a lower stress environment. Applied Behavior Analysis utilizes positive reinforce to teach desired skills. Pivotal Response Training allows the child to learn social skills while in a natural play environment. Learning social skills through these techniques enable the children to have more meaningful relationships and engage more in their community.
...cation, and about 8,000 of them have been classified as having autism. Many students with that identification are in lower grades, and it is highly probable that substantial number of other students have not been identified as having ASD because they are higher functioning.” (Cohen & Hough, 2013) With the number of children being diagnosed with ASD continuing to rise and the search for answers still unclear, the ASD Nest Program has, according to recent research, effectively provided children, parents and teachers with an educational approach that targets the specific needs of children with higher-functioning autism. As the ASD Nest Program continues to expand throughout the New York City area, more and more children with this diagnosis will be provided the proper supports in order to allow these children to flourish both within their schools and their communities.
Every single day is a struggle for an autistic child and his or her family. Autism affects all aspects of a child’s life from their ability to show affection to their family to being able to do simple tasks such as communicating and thinking in ways that we take for granted. Autism is defined as a developmental disability in which children experience abnormalities in social functioning, language, often act in puzzling ways, and usually appears before the age of three (Mash &Wolfe, 2010). Although the exact causes of autism are unknown there does seem to be a strong genetic component. Having a child or family member with autism is a constant battle of emotion and frustration. Everyone wants to help the people they love when they have difficulty adapting but the difficulty in helping a child with autism arises in the fact that these children do not think or process information like everyone else does making it very difficult to reach them and help them function in a society they don’t understand. Skinner (1963) and his early work led the way in finding a method for assisting people with autism and aiding them in gaining wider ranges of functioning and better quality of life.
Having worked in an Autism program first hand I can tell you these people are doing everything they can to help these kids into functioning members of society. Though some will need to be assisted their entire lives some can lead semi-normal lives. In these classrooms these programs not only focus on learning the fundamentals like all children in school (english, math, science, etc..) they also teach social skills and activities, they teach the kids things like proper etiquette in public places, safety on the phone, all the things that that isn 't 'common sense ' to them because of their disability. They work hard to help the students who are more high functioning to integrate into normal classrooms and the children who are more so low functioning to be able to do the basics and beyond for themselves. These programs are continually developing and reshaping to best fit the needs of their
Dempsey, I. & Foreman, P. ( 2001). A Review of Educational Approaches for Individuals with Autism. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 48 (1), 105-116.
Facilitation of this model allows adult learners to be active and self-directed in their learning.... ... middle of paper ... ... Children who come to my kindergarten class may begin learning the alphabet based on the pedagogy theory (because I am teaching it and it is important), but once I show them the value of it, they become a different kind of learners. They see the benefit of learning letters, sounds and reading because now they can enjoy reading their favorite books on their own.
As a teacher, you need to encourage all attempts at reading, writing, speaking, and allowing children to experience the different functions and use of literacy activity (The Access Center, n.d.). Moreover, it is crucial for educators to understand phonological awareness and phonics; know what constitutes good children’s literature and how to use it; know children who need additional assistance with beginning reading and writing (Cunningham et al, 2004 as cited in McLachlan et al, 2013, p. 112). Educators also need to plan effective activities to assist children experience reading aloud, listening to other children read aloud, listening to tape recordings, and videotapes so children have opportunities to integrate and extend their literacy knowledge (The Access Center, n.d.). Morrow (1990 as cited in The Access Center, n.d.) notes that classroom with greater teacher facilitation promote literacy behaviours, so it is educators’ role to provide literacy rich
Jordan, R., & Powell, S. (1995). Understanding and Teaching Children with Autism. New York: Wiley.
...iagnosis becoming more powerful, public schools have found themselves searching to find methods to educate autistic children. Not only is it hard for schools to deal with the autistic children, but also the families have a struggle finding out that their child has autism. Parents of children with autism often suffer from stress and anxiety disorders. Dealing with children that are autistic places extraordinary demands on the parents that can be added over the usual parental daily work and responsibilities. They need to cope with different needs that their child has that the other family members don’t have. There are many support groups for parents that have a difficulty in accepting their child’s condition. They can even attend counseling with their child to find ways to cope with his or hers necessities. Now there are also programs that help the parents financially
DePauw University defines verbal codes as “…a set of rules about the use of words in the creation of messages, whether spoken or written.” This definition can even be extended further into language that is not just spoken or written, but also physical and visual. For example, in a meeting not only will language be spoken and written, but it will also be portrayed in data charts. Obstacles to verbal communication can be not understanding the language, noise that prevents the message, but also not having the senses to receive the message. This has been overcome by sign language and braille but it can still be difficult because the entire culture is not able to communicate this way. The most difficult obstacle that was overcome of verbal communication was found in Helen Keller. This woman was blind and deaf by age of three. She was able to form simple gestures to express her wants and needs, but until the woman Anne Sullivan came Helen was unable to truly communicate. As Anne worked with Helen, she began to understand the concept of symbols and language and eventually learned sign language. Once Helen was much older, she even began to learn how to speak by placing her fingers on Anne’s throat, mouth, and nose (Wimp.com). Using her senses to feel vibrations, Helen was able to learn a complex form of verbal communication despite her