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Indigenous tribes in latin america
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In South America, there are many indigenous groups that have been studied and analyzed by anthropologists. The Tapirapé Indians is an indigenous Brazilian tribe that has a very interesting culture that has been influenced by other indigenous groups in Brazil, while being preserved from Europeans influences. Most ethnographic research about the Tapirapé Indians has been performed by Herbert Baldus and Charles Wagley from the early 1900’s to the 1970’s. In this paper, I will analyze the language, power, social relations, material practices, belief system and institutions and rituals of the Tapirapé Indians and discuss how each category plays a role in their culture. Tapirapé Indians lived in villages that were designed uniquely for their culture. Their village consisted of nine longhouses that formed a circle (Wagley 1977, 87). “The houses were not dwellings for a single nuclear family, but rather multifamily longhouses containing from three to eight nuclear families. They were, therefore, never of the same size – one or two were 20 meters long and 5 meters wide, but others were smaller” (Wagley 1977, 87). Inside of the longhouse each nuclear family had an area for sleeping and cooking. The Tapirapé Indians moved their village and build new homes every five to seven years due to infestation of cockroaches, the need for more space to bury relatives and to acquire new land for food (Wagley 1977, 88). The Tapirapé Indians used two modes of subsistence: food-producing and food-foraging. They planted manioc and a variety of vegetables, beans and fruits in their gardens. To balance their diet, they hunted certain animals such as wild pigs and anteaters on land and relied on two types of fish to eat. Although there were animals that co... ... middle of paper ... ...ividual. The egalitarian approach to power had an effect on the degree of equality among social relations. The systems of beliefs work as a framework to design and maintain rituals within the culture. Finally, material practices are important because the set-up of the village contributes to the beliefs and how rituals should be performed. The six elements of the social model work together in many ways to produce the framework of the Tapirapé Indian culture. Works Cited Neto, Gorete. "The Impact of Bilingual Education on Indigenous Language and Culture: The case of Tapirape." Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Symposium About Language and Society. (2008): 59-69 Wagley, Charles. Welcome of Tears. New York: Oxford University Press, 1977. Wagley, Charles. "World View of the Tapirape Indians." The Journal of American Folklore. 53, no. 210 (1940): 252-260.
The Timucua Indians lived and survived in many unusual ways; but they did it the best way that they could with the little that they had. The landscape included, grass prairies interspersed with hardwood forests of oak, hickory and beech. There villages had about twenty five houses that were small and circular, with about two hundred people living in one village
Quapaw, Osage, and Caddo have many similarities as well as differences. For example: their religion, food acquisition, food production, and social structure. In this essay, there will be comparisons between the tribes as well as distinctive differences in each tribe. In this paper, information about these tribes will be further explored.
During his research Barker utilizes a series of methods in his quest to understand these indigenous people, from this he was able to capture his readers and make them understand issues that surround not only people form third worlds; but how these people and their struggles are related to us. By using ethnographic methods, such as: interviews,participant observation, key consultants/informants,detailed note-taking/ census, and controlled historical comparisons. In these practices Barker came to understand the people and their culture, of which two things became a big subject in his book. The first being Tapa, “a type of fiber made from bark that the Maisin people use as a stable for cloths and other cloth related uses. Defining both gender roles and history; proving income and also a symbol of identity to the people” (Barker 5-6). And the other being their forest, of which logging firms the Maisin and Non Government Organizations (NGO’s), had various views, wants and uses for the land. Logging firms wished to clear the area to plant cash crops such as oil palms, while the NGO’s wanted the land to remain safe; all the while the Maisin people were caught in the middle by the want to preserve their ancestors lands and the desperate need to acquire cash. With these two topics highlighted throughout Barkers ethnography the reader begins is journey into understanding and obtaining questions surrounding globalization and undeveloped
Throughout time the local tribe built and developed a home for themselves and by 1975 crops were developed. The constant issue to survive from passing diseased became in issue.
So now you have met the Kickapoo Traditional Tribe of Texas. You’ve learned about their lives, seen their journeys, and traveled with them from the past to the present. In all I hope this paper gives a greater understanding of the history and a look into another culture to broaden minds.
The Zuni Indians were and are a group of Indians in the southwest area of the United States and Northern Mexico. It seems that they have lived in this area for nearly 4000 years, and maybe more if their ancestry can be traced as they seem to believe to the Mogollon group of Native Americans who grew out of the first prehistoric inhabitants of that area of America. The name Mogollon comes from the Mogollon mountain range named by the first Spanish explorers in the early 1500’s such as Coronado. There is also a good possibility that they may be able to trace their existence to the Anasazi culture from around the same time as the Mogollon peoples as well.
Corbett, B. (1999). Last call in Pine Ridge For the Lakota’s in White Clay, Nebraska, death is on the house. Retrieved February 6, 2005, from http://ishgooda.org/oglala/whitcla1.htm
The translation of the Quapaw name means “downstream people”. The tribe got the name after splitting from the Dehgiha tribe and moving down the Mississippi river. There were two tribal divisions within the tribe. The two divisions were named Han-ka or the Earth People and the ti-zho or the Shy People. The total number of clans with in the Quapaw tribe is 21, some of the tribal clan names include; Elk, Eagle, Small Bird, Turtle, and Fish. For my five words I chose; Bitter- ppahi, chicken- sikka, gray fox- to-ka xo-te, jay bird- ti-ta ni-ka, star- mi-ka- x’e. Before I listened to the audio file of the pronunciation I tried to pronounce it on my own; many of my pronunciations
Pueblo Indian. (2002, April). History of the pueblo indians (cont.). Retrieved March 12, 2003, from http://www.puebloindian.com/pueblo_history_003.htm
In the southwestern United States, above northern Arizona, are three mesas. The mesas create the home for the Hopi Indians. The Hopi have a deeply religious, isolated, tribal culture with a unique history.
The Comanche have most recently been found in the Southern Plains, which stretches from Nebraska to the northern part of Texas. They were fully in Texas by the 1700’s. It is believed that the Comanche derived from the Shoshone Indians, found in Wyoming. The language spoken by the Comanche is actually a form of Uto-Aztecan language that when compared to the Shoshone language, the two are very similar. The Comanche’s were great warriors and did not really indulge in religious practices too much nor did they use folktales or legends very often.
This paper introduces the effects of colonization onto South American indigenous languages. This paper will analyze how European colonization in the Andes region affected the native language of Quechua. The research will focus specifically on the changes in the Quechua language with regards to how the language took in new vocabulary, replaced words with Spanish words, and also how it has survived through the colonization period up until the present day. This paper will address the problems faced linguistically when trying to preserve a native language after colonization, as well as present research on what the Andean nations are doing to keep the Quechua language alive.
The Chickasaw tribe are descendants of people called the Chickemicaws, who were among the first inhabitants of the ancient Mexican empire and the Mississippian culture. These ancient people built earthwork mounds at their villages located throughout the Mississippi River valley (refer to the Natchez Tribe for more facts). The Chickasaw people established villages across the Deep South and used dugout canoes to travel along the rivers and waterways. Their numbers diminished due to the diseases brought by the Europeans including the Spanish, French and British. They allied with the British against the French who attacked the Chickasaw in numerous military expeditions, attempting to break the stranglehold the Chickasaw imposed upon French commerce
people. As individuals became important they also gained respect and stature as outstanding warriors, civil leaders, religious leaders, or shamans. This usually did not make them more powerful in their society. Shamans were typically the most respected member because of their spiritual power. The Ojibwe had what was called a band. The band leaders more often than not had a reputation for being excellent hunters who had influence over their band. If there was a problem within a band, the family had the option to leave their band to join another.
The American Indians Between 1609 To 1865. Native Americans or American Indians, once occupied the entire region of the United States. They were composed of many different groups, who spoke hundreds of languages and dialects. The Indians from the Southwest used to live in large, terraced communities and their way of sustain was from the agriculture where they planted squash, pumpkins, beans and corn crops. Trades between neighboring tribes were common, this brought in additional goods and also some raw materials such as gems, cooper.