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Impact of technology on the warfare
Advancement in military technology
Essay on how military technology changed warfare
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Introduction Throughout the course of history societal, organizational and technological advances have been made. Whether these advances are always for the best is controversial, especially, in the setting of wartime. This essay focuses on the these three changes and how they effected both the Napoleonic Wars and World War I. Technological advances were made in terms of weaponry, but were not probably utilized which ultimately ended up being problematic. Many new organizational schemes came about during both of these time periods, but they focused on aggressive offensive strategy, which did not prove to be beneficial. And finally, within society the idea of nationalism was circulating through different countries, however, this nationalism came about through different occurrences creating a war filled with different motivations. Overall, these changes proved to create a great deal of instability within the Napoleonic Wars and World War I.
Technological
During the time of World War I there were many technological advances, including “railroads…rifling and breech loading guns and artillery, high
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Sagan believes that World War I was brought on by “the political objective and alliance commitments of the great powers” (Sagan, 1986 153). This instability between alliances that shaped the war was referred to as “chaingaining” or the pressure put on a state when it must “support allies’ adventurism or risk being left alone” (Downes, Lecture 10 February 20th). Additionally, the alliances were not stable because of the ambiguity within them, also known as the “deterrence failure” (Downes, Lecture 10 February 20th). For example, the United Kingdom was unclear about whether they would go to war and kept their “military commitment” within the Triple Entente, a secret (Downes, Lecture 10 February 20th). Both strategy and alliances influenced the stability of this
... deadlier more accurate weapons. Another technology was the telegraph which drastically increased communication leading to eventually leading to phones.
World War One was greatly influenced by many factors, and in many ways. National interest ignited the mistrust and insecurities within nations, which in turn led to the creation of strong alliances and immense military forces. The growing suspicion Britain had of Germany only heightened the wariness and uncertainty of nations. The means, by which individual nations dealt with the issues within themselves, and outside of their boundaries, in the years preceding World War One, were irrational and improperly thought through. Nations fell into a strong ultra nationalistic point of view, and acted in a way which expressed interest in themselves only.
This set a belligerent mood in Europe as each nation was prepared to fight a war. A German officer once said "in time of peace, prepare for war," and that is exactly what European nations did, eventually leading to the Great War. Without a doubt, the one underlying cause of the three described above that was most responsible for World War I was the system of alliances.
"Technology during World War I: Facts, Discussion Forum, and Encyclopedia Article." AbsoluteAstronomy.com. Web. 05 Feb. 2010.
After 1871, the war atmosphere engendered by the secret alliances led to an armaments race among the powers. The race was particularly serious between 1900 and 1914, as the international situation became much worse than before. There was a significant rise in the army and naval estimates of the European powers in these years. All the Continental European powers had adopted the conscription system since 1870. Austria-Hungary had conscription since 1868 and Germany since 1870. Only Britain did not have conscription. After 1890, the deteriorating diplomatic relations among the powers accelerated their military expansion programme. Britain did not introduce conscription but had prepared her armed forces for both European expedition and for home defense. In general, all the powers increased their stocks of arms, produced more modern weapons of war and built more strategic railways. Britain and Germany were the chief rivals at sea. In the meantime, Britain produced her first Dreadnought. Dreadnoughts were large, fast and heavily armed battleships. They set a new standard in naval armaments and rendered all previous battleships obsolete. The naval race became intense. For centuries the powers of Europe had clashed over their competing interests around the globe. Du...
The book begins with the conclusion of the First World War, by exploring the idea that critical mistakes made then made a second war likely, yet not inevitable. Taylor points out that although Germany was defeated on the Western front, “Russia fell out of Europe and ceased to exist, for the time being, as a Great Power. The constellation of Europe was profoundly changed—and to Germany’s advantage.” (p.20-21) As a result of the war, Russia was severely weakened, which greatly upset the balance of power in Europe. Taylor claims that, “What gave France independence as a ...
There were several long-term events that led to the outbreak of World War One. The most prominent factors include: nationalism, militarism, imperialism, the Balkan and Morocco crises, and the alliance system. Ironically, these things were either started in response to, or upheld because of, one of the other factors. The alliance system was one of the last factors to emerge before the war. Consequentially, the contributions of this system to the beginning of the Great War have to be considered. Although the alliance system was a main cause of the First World War, it arose because of several other factors, and did not cause the war single handedly.
· By the use of theatrical and emotional language in his bulletins and Orders of the Day, Napoleon formed a special bond between himself and the army. He played on the ideas of military glory, of patriotism and of comradeship, while giving at the same time the impression that he had a deep paternal concern for his men. To this they responded with real devotion. ii) The Changing Nature of War · The majority of the eighteenth-century wars were fought with more or less evenly matched, mainly mercenary armies, very similar to each other in training, equipment, composition and strength.
The products of the Industrial Revolution made World War I a war like no other. The Industrial Age brought with it the development of the railroad, a huge factor in the area of transportation of soldiers and supplies. The Revolution also brought changes in warfare at sea. Instead of ships made of wood, iron and steel were the new materials of choice. The products of the Industrial Revolution that had the most impact on the war were by far the weapons created by the new machines and materials of the revolution. The book, Warfare in the Twentieth Century, states that "industrialization dramatically increased the destructive capacity of armies by providing them with weapons of enhanced range, accuracy, and fire..." (3). The weapons of World War I are a perfect example of how reason and progress are not always without consequence; they can sometimes bring about horrible suffering and pain.
There were long term causes that contributed to the war and were the origins. This answer will explain the causes, focusing on how they contributed to World War One and what the important links are between them. The Alliances not only contributed to war breaking out; it made the war last longer and become on a much larger scale; major political disputes would inevitably cause a large conflict. The alliances caused suspicion, fear, and tension among nations. The two camps were the Triple Entente (Britain, France and Russia) and the Triple Alliance (Germany, Italy and Austria-Hungary).
The importance of the alliance system that developed in Europe in the decades before World War I as a cause for it is still an important topic of debate and argument between modern historians. Some argue that the alliance system was a direct cause of the outbreak of war between all major countries in Europe while other historians prefer to state that the alliance configuration we observe before the war started was simply a symptom of the conflicts and disagreements, fears and envies that had been accumulating since the Bismarck system of alliances collapsed, and even before then. This last opinion is becoming more accepted as the one that describes the true importance of the actual alliance system as a cause of the war. In order to determine the importance of the alliance system as a cause for the war we must first explore the origins of these alliances. We will take high-point of the Bismarck system in 1878 as our starting point as the Franco-Prussian war is a key factor for the development of this system.
Alliances played a hefty role in the inevitability of World War One. Countries were constantly at each other’s necks and needed power in order to protect themselves from each other. This is where alliances came in; countries could seek shelter from others by developing truces with close friends. Having a truce was beneficial in most ways because it provided the illusion of being a bigger power, and offered one extra support in case of a crippling event. Then again they did also create tensions between the countries that could only escalate further. For example, in the year 1879 there was a dual alliance created between Germany and Austria-Hungry. This alliance was created to protect them from Russia, who ...
The use of nationalism (defined as patriotic feelings, principles, or efforts) as a rallying point is a double-edged sword. The development of pride in, and love for, one’s nation can lead to a unified effort in its development. When carried to excess, however, it is often a basis for the subjugation of others, and a rallying cry and justification for war. It is thus a manipulative tool, readily used for good or ill depending on the motivations of those employing it. This paper will narrowly examine its development and effects in some of the events leading to and resulting from the first World War.
Overview and Analysis of the Napoleonic Wars. Europe has had a long history of conflicts. Before the Napoleonic Wars that occurred between the years of 1799 and 1815, there were other conflicts in the 18th century such as The Great Northern War, The Seven Years’ War, Pugachev's Rebellion, and the French Revolutionary Wars. Under the leadership of Napoleon Bonaparte, France was fighting numerous European nations with speed to repeatedly defeat Austrian, Prussian and Russian armies under the series of conflicts in the Napoleonic Wars. The War of the First Coalition that started in 1793 and ended a few years before Napoleon took charge had all the European nations and some nations in Egypt, America and South America having issues.
One of the most direct causes of World War One was the unstable alliance system that had developed in Europe at the time. In the past, alliances were made to strengthen security and to maintain peace. Otto von Bismarck, the prime minister of Germany, once said, “If you want to fool the world, tell the truth”(Refspace). What this quote meant that there was so