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Significance of freedom of speech and expression
The importance of freedom of expression
Significance of freedom of speech and expression
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Freedom of expression is one the most important Human Right an individual can have, it also shapes a free, democratic society. One of the most valuable instrument to disseminate the freedom of expression is the press. However, journalists usually are targets of radicals, opposing the amount of information spread by the press, because of their daring to publish all opinions to the society. First of all, the Charlie Hebdo affair must be presented. Charlie Hebdo is a popular french satirical magazine, which encountered two terrorist attacks: one in 2011 and one in 2015. On 7 January 2015, 12 people were killed: staff cartoonists, editors, an economist and other contributers. The attack was justified by offensive anti- Islamic caricatures, published by Charlie Hebdo. The day after the attack Charlie Hebdo announced that the publication of the magazine will continue, and made 5 million copies of it’s new edition, instead of usual 60,000. After the massacre, the phrase “Je suis Charlie” (in french- I am Charlie) became a worldwide known slogan, to support the Charlie Hebdo …show more content…
Theoritically, it doesn’t, but practically, a concept of ‘’hate speech’’ exists. Hate speech is a speech, which is offensive and attacks a group of people based on their religion, gender, ethnicity, etc. There are many views in society about Charlie Hebdo and their caricatures- some say that it was offensive and may be called a hate speech whereas others see there only humor and zero offensiveness. But, as it is stated in the “Handbook of Human Rights”: “Those who engage in hate speech do so with the aim of causing harm (more or less directly) to those they target(Cushman,T. 2014)” Charlie Hebdo, as a famous magazine did not want to cause any intentional harm to muslims, because the aim of the press is to enlighten the society.. At any rate, Article 2 of the 1958 French constitution states
Hate crimes are done too frequently in the United States. Although we have laws that supposedly regulate them, many people still feel the need to commit acts of violence on people that are different than them. Many of these crimes originate with some sort of hate speech. People get ideas from other people, passed down from previous generations.
As in speech, technology has provided another excuse for government intrusion in the press. The Secret Service can confiscate computers, printers, hard disks, and mail from electronic services they do not consider a press. Entire stores of books and videotapes are seized because of sexually explicit material. The Bill of Rights and the First Amendment exists to protect speech and press that is unpopular. “Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression (Steele).” If unpopular ideas did not exist, we would not need the First Amendment.
The phrase “the power of the press” is used often, but what exactly is the power of the press? Since the beginning of news reporting, it’s been known that what actually gets into the news reports is monitored and carefully picked by higher authorities. What isn’t widely known, however, is that the media can use specific wording and phrases that, on the surface, look like normal news coverage, but are actually a technique of the media to control the images people see and the words they hear and read. From this, people then form their ideals, but are these actually ideals of those people if the media from which they based them off of was controlled to begin with? It is the power of the press to control and manipulate the public’s ideals by what is released in the media.
Charlie Hebdo has defined a new meaning for terrorism and freedom of speech. Speaking with local *Parisians’, the Charlie Hebdo attack in January has changed the face of their city. Military wander the streets carrying their assault rifles, readying for the next attack. The Crimson alert is no laughing matter; the French, along with the rest of the world are worried.
A majority of people agrees with this but a great number of people don 't. Many supporters of the Charlie Hebdo magazine argue that Muslims shouldn 't be offended by the depiction of Mohammed, and that they should turn a blind eye, ecause freedom of speech overpowers their say. But with so many of the supporters not being Muslims themselves, should they have any say? For instance, many support freedom of speech because the idea of it intertwines with their own, but when it goes against one of their beliefs they are quick to try to suppress the new idea and say that the idea or work of art should not be allowed and should be censored. Take for example the Satanic “black mass” which took place in Oklahoma City.
Tactics of hate groups have notably shifted over the past few decades. But there are a few facets worth noting that have aided in such shift more than others. The first, and most noticeable, being that of the rise in technology.
Hate speech is “speech or writing that attacks or threatens a particular group of people, especially on the basis of race, religion or sexual orientation” defined by the Oxford Dictionary. However, a big question is, whether or not hate speech should be included in the protection of free speech. Looking simply one could say, “speech is included in the definition and therefore should be protected”, but it really can’t be reduced to that. Conversely, hate speech could be defined by the interpretation of the listener, in that context, what wouldn’t be hate speech if it could be anything even remotely offensive that others don’t realize? Hate speech should be protected under freedom of speech because it is a form of protest and if punished
On September the 14th 2010, the French government passed a piece of legislation, with surprisingly little opposition, that banned the wearing of full face veils, the nijab and burqa, in public places or institutions. President at time Nicolas Sarkozy, lobbied for it himself, saying that imprisonment ‘behind a mesh... is not the French republic’s idea of women’s dignity’. Critics accused the president of siding with the far-right with his anti-burqa comments, but polls indicate more then 80% of voters supported the ban [Isobel Coleman, 2010]. Another reason for the ban’s implementation is its role as a security measure. People must now remove their scarfs, veils and turbans for security checks [News.com, 2014]. The need for these security checks has risen since the recent terrorist attacks in Paris, where 130 people were killed, and was claimed by Islamic State. In addition, many Muslim leaders in France, who oppose the ban as it targets Muslim women, support the ban as they do not encourage the wearing of the veils and generally encourage women to not wear it. They see it as a bulwark against ...
In seeking out the news, the press therefore acts as an agent of the public at large. It is the means by which people receive that free flow of... ... middle of paper ... ...responses to the receiver."
Much is being discovered when the public, also known as the consumers and recipients of the news, share their views on journalistic practices. One might suggest that traditional journalism has, in due course, come to an end. Although, there are definitely problems that the public runs into with public journalism taking over. A few of those arguments include their content, the journalists, and the effects that it has on their public audience.
Freedom of speech has been a topic of discussion for many years. Since democracy was established in many countries to provide safety and rights, freedom of speech has been one of the most important rights in any constitution. Freedom of speech constitutes a human right that all people should have and one that must be respected. As individuals, we are entitled to express our opinions, write, publish or communicate, and such expressions must be, if not shared, respected. Different countries have certain level of tolerance at the moment of executing this right. Sometimes freedom of speech can become more harmful than helpful. This liberty tells what happens in everyday life, makes you aware, informs you, but does damage when is not well founded, or is not objective, since it violates human rights. Those concerned with freedom of speech have always wondered about its limits. One of these limits is the incitement to violence. Freedom of speech is a double-edged sword that can change the course of many things; lives, civilizations, even history. For many people this liberty to express their feelings and beliefs has been beneficial. Unfortunately, the same liberty has been counterproductive for other people. There is a big difference between freedom of speech and violating the right of intimacy.
Americans look to the press to provide the information they need to make informed political choices. How well the press lives up to its responsibility to provide this information has a direct impact upon Americans: how they think about and act upon the issues that confront them.
It protects freedom of speech, the press, assembly, and the right to petition the Government for a redress of grievances” (TheWhiteHouse.gov). What the First Amendment allows us, as civilians, to do is to: practice any religion of our choosing, have freedom in what we say, have the ability to rally peacefully, and to petition the government. There are many different sectors under each of these factors that the court is able to restrict. Under the “freedom of speech,” there are five restrictions: “speech that incites illegal activity and subversive speech, fighting words, obscenity and pornography, commercial speech, and symbolic expression” (Burton’s Legal Thesaurus, 2007). Although hate speech is not defined under these annotations under the first amendment, “the U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that speech that merely offends, or hurts the feelings of, another person—without eliciting a more dramatic response—is protected by the First Amendment” (legaldictionary.com, 2015). What is not protected under the First Amendment is speech that is directed at an individual or group of people based on an observable difference that is used to inflict
"Defending freedom of expression is not an easy task but it is a vital one. If we want to live in a world where everyone is free to speak, write, publish or perform without fear of persecution then we need to champion those rights every day. (Social Media And It’s War on Censorship; 2012).
Hate speech has remained a topic of great debate, especially after the Second World War. In order to put limits on the absolute right to freedom of expression, international community jotted down various agreements in the shape of conventions and charters but out of these three international instruments named as the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD), and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) are very much famous in granting the right to freedom of expression to all humans though conditional with various restrictions as deemed necessary and fit under law in order to protect the respect, reputation and honour of others. This limitation is extended by the ICCPR and CERD; as Article 4(a) of the CERD expressly requires from the state parties to it to ensure the prohibition on the dissemination of all forms of ideas as based on racial superiority or hatred. Besides this Article 20 of the