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Final exam supply chain management quizlet
Objectives of supply chain
Final exam supply chain management quizlet
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The reason why the products analogy of a supply chain is not appropriate for services A supply chain consists of all operations involved in a company from production, distribution, to final delivery of an output to consumers. However, the supply chain of goods differs from that of services in many perspectives. Therefore, the commodity analogy is inappropriate for services industry. Firstly, the service supply chain requires low capital investment in equipment and machinery. In comparison, both the manufacturing and the service industries need labor inputs to complete the production processes that are necessary for satisfaction of end consumer utilities (Maxwell 2013). In addition, the businesses in both sectors require various types of inputs from their suppliers. Moreover, capital investments in material are required in both businesses to enable employee render their services. However, most of the labor costs in manufacturing firms are involved in transporting, procuring, and physical material manipulation. On the other hand, labor costs in the service industry are a...
For many years, companies were vertically integrated; they owned their entire supply chain. Necessary in industries heavily laden with proprietary information, this method of management was incorrectly applied to industries that had only a limited number of exclusive parts and shared the rest with other products. As companies learned their products and their competition’s products shared a significant number of parts, a new wave of manufacturing methods was developed. Electronic Manufacturing Services (EMS) was developed as a method to create asset-light companies. Necessary when changing tastes meant large inventories would be costly paperweights in a short time, this method created many unforeseen problems. The economies of scale necessary to lock in low rates were eliminated as companies ordered fewer products more frequently. Also as companies forfeited the control over their entire supply chain, issues with logistics, manufacturing, and procurement proved troublesome.
A commodity chain is the process in which resources needed are gathered, and transformed into products for consumers. With the boom of transportation, this process is becoming less and less costly, as we reach out to where the resources are the cheapest, and where the labor to create the products is lowest. Mximizing, and increasing a brand's profits considerably
Investopedia.com defines a supply chain as follows: "Supply chains include every company that comes into contact with a particular product. For example, the supply chain for most products will encompass all the companies manufacturing parts for the product, assembling it, delivering it and selling it." (www.investopedia.com)
Supply chain management is basically refers to the fundamental supply chain analysis of the organization which predominantly describes functionalities from source to the delivery point. In this process of delivery, supply chain management framework divides in four categories: In Planning the products and suppliers evaluated and selected, Sourcing pull the information process including contracting, ordering and expediting, Moving is a physical process from suppliers to end user and Paying is the financial process including payment and performance measurement.
Which activities are managed is significant for a company's success. Moreover, the supply chain management is crucial within a firm's processes since it incorporates activities in which intermediate goods and final products are given to consumers through a distribution system. It is important to analyse it and take into consideration that this subject matter has a great impact within business procedures.
For the process perspective at the level of the supply network, it can be complex due to the large numbers of suppliers and customers. The boundaries of the operation’s supply chain can be very wide ranging from procurement of the raw materials to the disposal of products. It is also always changing as suppliers may change from time to time while in some operations, some new customers may be won over but may result in the loss of some existing customers.
The purpose of supply chain is to improve overall performance of a business. Whether organisation is functioning national or worldwide the competition is always increasing and offering products at the lowest possible cost with the best possible customer service is a way to ensure market share.
According to the Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, supply chain is the sequence of processes involved in the production and distribution of a commodity. From an industrial engineering point of view, the management of the supply chain is really important in order to give the customer the product they want, when they want it, as often they want it at a reasonable price but at the same time without sacrificing the profit of the company. A supply chain manager needs to make sure that all of these happen flawlessly.
Zeithaml & Berry, 1985). Service quality in this case affects the supply chain because of;
Service is any act, performance or experience that one party can offer to another and that is essentially intangible, and does not result in ownership of anything. Its production may or may not be tie to a physical product (lovelock,Patterson & Wirtz, 2011). Services are processes that provide time, place, form, problem solving or experiential value to receiver (lovelock,Patterson et. Al, 2011). No matter how good a service is, it will always vary not only in terms of variability but also in terms of consumer’s expectation. The better the quality of a firm and its product, the more expectation will be there for its service.
The second way is to achieve low direct and indirect operating costs is gained by offering high volumes of standard products and offering basic no-frills products. Production costs are kept low by using less parts and using standard components. Limiting the number of models produced to ensure larger producti...
A supply chain is a network of business bodies where it engages from manufacturing products and services to the delivering of products and services to the final consumer for instance the process of designing new products or services, obtaining raw materials, converting the raw materials into semi-finished or finished goods, and delivering the final product or service to the end user is known as supply chain.
The main dissimilarities between Products and services are products are tangible, but services intangible, frequently depends on receiver, and deal direct with customer,
...bination of product and service is active for a company’s success, because it effects how a customer sees the product. Operations managers must for that reason direct consideration to both the product and the services that go with the product. In the manufacture of tangible goods, such as cars, cleanser, or alcoholic drink, customer contact is limited to the retail end, after actual manufacturing has been completed. In the project planning and regulator of the associated manufacturing process, the first choice of consumers are important, but the customer’s actual attendance is not. The main difference between service and manufacturing systems is that services are intangible productions that are consumed in the process of their production. The knowledge and process for supplying the service can differ considerably from one industry in the service sector to another.
Supply chain seen as a whole end to end process. It is began level of effectiveness of material flow until it become a customer product. Competition did occur during all level of production process until it becomes more priority compared to efficiency of production process.