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Native American Stereotypes in Film
Native stereotypes in movies
Racial stereotypes in media and society
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Recommended: Native American Stereotypes in Film
In the movies and television shows many of us grew up watching, a stereotypical and even racist view of Native Americans was portrayed. Many of us grew up believing these detrimental stereotypes, believing they were either accurate or were not harmful. Native Americans are portrayed as wild savages who kill mercilessly in the old westerns your grandfather watched on Thanksgiving Day. Native American women are portrayed as sexy princesses who protect the white men that would later—historically speaking—wipe out their culture completely in your Disney movies. Lastly, the Native Americans who are portrayed as poor, lazy drunks who regularly smoke hallucinogens are in your comedy television shows. Without realizing these harmful stereotypes and …show more content…
An indigenous documentary is a documentary that is made by the members of an indigenous community, or in close interaction with the indigenous community. This native media is slowly becoming a form of entertainment and communication between present day tribes and their members. These newer forms of media aim to disassemble the mainstream media’s stereotypes about Native Americans. “They both preserve knowledge for future generations and communicate the group’s identity to the wider public,” (Leuthold; pg. 193). Although currently, many Native American media producers have tried to push their work further into the mainstream media, they face many difficulties with money, as most of the money for production of native media is loaned to producers through the government. However, the main goal of native media is “…focused on the concerns, practices, and beliefs of specific tribes…” (Leuthold; pg. 208), and “…indigenous media has, to this point, avoided the homogenizing tendencies of mainstream mass media,” (Leuthold; pg. 208). To prove that native media can become a popularized and common place form of media, three popular native media movies that have proven success include: Smoke Signals directed by Chris Eyre, Skins also directed by Chris Eyre, and The Business of Fancy Dancing directed by Sherman Alexie. What whitestream media does not understand is that they “…have a great deal of power in shaping—not just reflecting—public opinion, and, as such, media outlets must bear some of the responsibility of perpetuating racist images wherever they occur,” (Johnson; pg.
In The White Man’s Indian, Robert Berkhoffer analyzes how Native Americans have maintained a negative stereotype because of Whites. As a matter of fact, this book examines the evolution of Native Americans throughout American history by explaining the origin of the Indian stereotype, the change from religious justification to scientific racism to a modern anthropological viewpoint of Native Americans, the White portrayal of Native Americans through art, and the policies enacted to keep Native Americans as Whites perceive them to be. In the hope that Native Americans will be able to overcome how Whites have portrayed them, Berkhoffer is presenting
Reel Injun is a compelling, thought-provoking documentary that shows how movies have stereotyped Native Americans, and has shaped how society in general viewed Natives. The film seeks to show how Natives really are, and ultimately seeks to correct the Native stereotypes created through the Hollywood Native films. Neil Diamond discusses why films about Natives were originally created and how Natives were portrayed in the early years of film. Through the documentary he continues to show how Natives and their culture changed in the eyes of society.
Cowboys and Indians is the popular game played by many children played as a game of heroes and villains. Natives are villainized in American pop culture due to the history being told by educational institutions across the nation. There are not many positive roles popular in the media about Native Americans. Many roles are even played by white people. The costume representation is not accurate either. The disrespect towards them is especially seem on Halloween, when people dress as Natives in cute and sexy ways that they think represent their culture. War paint, beads, feathers and headdresses are ceremonial accessories that represent their culture, it not a fun costume to wear. Only if they are being criticized and ridiculed, like they have been in the past. Racism has also been a huge problem when it comes to using creative names for sports teams, like the Redskins for example. Redskin is a derogatory and offensive term towards Native Americans and many white people do not see it as wrong due to the privilege they inherited throughout history. The disrespect towards them has grown and today it seems that if Natives were not getting ridiculed, they are for the most part ignored. The concerns that King describes in his book explains how the past has wired Americans to believing everything they have once learned. White people
Lliu, K., and H. Zhang. "Self- and Counter-Representations of Native Americans: Stereotypical Images of and New Images by Native Americans in Popular Media." Ebscohost. University of Arkansas, n.d. Web. 19 Apr. 2014
Similarly, the popular tv series Parks and Recreation, does the same in the episode “Harvest Festival” by exposing how easy we stereotype certain groups. In both portrayals of Native Americans, they make obvious how easy it is to stereotype and believe a stereotype of a specific group without noticing it or even noticing the other qualities a certain group possesses.
It has been a while since a movie depicting wrongful images of Native American has been developed. This would continuously happen about 70 years ago in cookie cutter Western films in which Indians would often be represented as barbaric, savage, and non-human. With time, these films became bland and repetitive; as a result of this, less and less money was profited with every passing Western film made. Propitiously enough we have abandoned this form of filmmaking and although Native Americans still don’t receive the ideal representation in Western movies, they are no longer presented as the villain all the time. There has recently been a resurgence of this treatment of Indians within
Jacquelyin Kilpatrick , Celluloid Indians. Native Americans and Film. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 1999
Native Americans have been living on American soil for quite a while now. They were here before the European colonists. They have been here and still continue to be present in the United States. However, the way the media represents Native Americans disallows the truth about Native Americans to be told. Only misinterpretations of Native Americans seem to prosper in the media. It appears the caricature of Native Americans remains the same as first seen from the first settler’s eyes: savage-like people. Their culture and identity has become marginalized by popular culture. This is most evident in mainstream media. There exists a dearth of Native American presence in the mainstream media. There is a lack of Native American characters in different media mediums. When they are represented, they are misrepresented. They are easily one of the most underrepresented cultures and people in American media. Native Americans shouldn’t be confined to a stereotype, should have a greater presence in the media, and shouldn’t be misrepresented when they are presented.
Many races are unjustly victimized, but Native American cultures are more misunderstood and degraded than any other race. College and high school mascots sometimes depict images of Native Americans and have names loosely based on Native American descent, but these are often not based on actual Native American history, so instead of honoring Native Americans, they are being ridiculed. According to the article Warriors Survive Attack, by Cathy Murillo (2009) some “members of the Carpentaria community defended Native American mascot icons as honoring Chumash tradition and the spirit of American Indian Warriors in U.S. history and others claimed that the images were racist stereotypes” (Murillo, 2009). If people do not attempt to understand and respect Native American culture, then Native American stereotypes will become irreparable, discrimination will remain unresolved, and ethnocentrism will not be reprimanded.
For example, in the local school, stereotypes such as the image of the ‘wild man’ are consolidated by claiming that there was cannibalism among the indigenous people of the northwest coast (Soper-Jones 2009, 20; Robinson 2010, 68f.). Moreover, native people are still considered to be second-class citizens, which is pointed out by Lisamarie’s aunt Trudy, when she has been harassed by some white guys in a car: “[Y]ou’re a mouthy Indian, and everyone thinks we’re born sluts. Those guys would have said you were asking for it and got off scot-free”
The next reason we’ll be looking at are the stereotypical images commonly seen in literature and mascots. Mainstream media such as “Dances with Wolves”, “The Lone Ranger”, and “The Last of The Mohicans” and mascots in professional sports teams like Washington Redskins, Cleveland Indians, Atlanta Braves, and Chicago Blackhawks all include representations of Native Americans that for some, are offensive. With this in mind, ...
All stereotypes are harmful in any context, and constant exposure to them can blur the lines between fact and fiction. Reel Injun, a documentary by Neil Diamond, shows how Native North American’s cultural identity can be lost through the use of stereotypes in film. The first appearances of Natives in film portrayed only positive attributes, restricting them into roles that generalise how they think and act. A few decades later, Natives are known for negative qualities on the big screen, requiring them to all look the same as well as to have a downgraded intelligence. However, both kinds of stereotypes have been challenged by their intended target and others, with movies showing Natives as three-dimensional characters, and a race to admire.
Late in Lone Wolf’s life, American Indians whose histories have been rendered all but unrecognized and invisible shared a common aspiration to rediscover their cultural heritage and repossess their civil liberties. Lone Wolf had sought throughout his life to participate in the cultural determination of his Blackfeet tribe. Art historian W. Jackson Rushing III argues that artists of mixed heritage working in the twentieth-century appropriated “styles associated with the ‘dominant’ culture – Post Impressionism, Expressionism, and Pop Art – to probe the personal and social dilemmas of authentic, but non-traditional Indian cultures.” Through American Indians’ depictions in the popular culture, media, film, literature, and the arts, their passive
Throughout history there have been many instances of cultures that have been marginalized over a certain characteristic that they portray, such as color or a certain tradition. Everyone has many things that chain them to a certain culture, this isn’t a fairytale, examples of this would be the African American and native American cultures. These cultures have been marginalized by other cultures for prolonged periods of time. Although in the Native Americans case their traditions were made a mockery. “teachers should research the matter and discover that Native Americans would never have associated the sacred practices of becoming a warrior with the hoopla of a high school pep rally”.
As far back as 1973 people lamented the mistreatment of Native Americans in Hollywood, with Marlon Brando’s refusal to accept his award for his work in The Godfather due to the entertainment industry’s treatment of Native Americans shedding light on an issue that was, and still is, largely ignored. In the history of the Academy Awards, only two Native actors have been nominated, with the most recent nomination being Graham Greene’s nod for The Green Mile in 1999, and Buffy St. Marie is the only Native American to ever have won an Oscar, for Best Original Song in 1983. The Academy’s lack of recognition of Native actors and filmmakers is astonishing, but not surprising when you consider the Academy’s aversion to diverse nominations of any