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Essay on the relationship between social mobility and education
Education and upward social mobility essay
Essay on the relationship between social mobility and education
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The National Curriculum seems to pursue the route of a “… shared and authentic ‘national’ body of accepted knowledge and standards.” (Walkup, 2011). This appears to tell us that, with the National Curriculum, we are brought together, and taught the same subjects, and have similar attainment targets; however once difference that can also come out of this, is the level and standards at which it is taught, this is because different teachers will have different ideas as to how it should be taught.
The education acts throughout the years have helped improve the chances of a good education for poorer or lower class families. One act in particular is the 1944 Butler Act, this is an important act as it is the one that instigated the three types of
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However from all that has been said, it is clear that there have been some drastic improvements to the education system over the years; which has therefore helped with the issue of social mobility, as children of working class parents can now access education. This could be down to that fact that all children now have to stay in some sort of education until they are of school leaving age, meaning they are getting the same level of education as other children their age – regardless of social class or ability. The schools and child care settings of today, are helped along with educational polices, reports and curriculums and therefore they should be no room for social discrimination, due to the arrangement of class based of a child’s attainment ability rather than their social class; this will therefore help with any one child’s chances of social mobility as they have more of an opportunity to gain an education appropriate to the level of attainment and therefore will be able to go in to the career path of their choice- if it means college then they can go to college and if it means university, then they can now go regardless of class, with the help of government
The Australian Curriculum is organised in a few different ways. There are two main design elements, Curriculum content (what the teacher is to teach) and Achievement standards (what the student is to learn). There is also Reporting Framework which incorporates elements of both areas. These elements were designed to provide guidelines as to what would be included in the Australian Curriculum. The Curriculum Content is organised into categories (strands), and are presented with descriptions to report and describe what is to be taught at each year level. Together, these descriptions form the scope and sequence across all covered years of schooling (Foundation to Year Ten). The areas of study covered in each year build upon the previou...
The essay will commence by focusing on the1944 Education Act, as it was "the most important piece of educational legislation since 1902" (Gosden, 1983:3). There was a great need for this Act, because the Second World War caused considerable disruption to the educational system. As Dunford and Sharp point out, "evacuation, staff shortages and suspension of building programmes all created their own problems. War also brought important changes in social attitudes, and [...] there was a determination for a better future" (Dunford and Sharp, 1990:17). Therefore there was a need to remodel the current education system "in order to ensure that every child would go to a secondary school" (Gosden, 1983:1). Planning for reconstruction of education culminated in the Education Act of 1944, which is also known as the Butler Act.
In terms of historical context, the National Curriculum was introduced into England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a nationwide curriculum for primary and secondary state schools following the Education Reform Act 1988 (DES, 1988). From its establishment, the curriculum was then divided into its primary (Key Stage One and Two) and secondary (Key Stage Three and Four) form.
The development of a national curriculum for Australia is not a new endeavour (Marsh, 2010). The ideal is that national curriculum across Australia would mean that students are provided with a quality education that helps to shape the lives of the nations citizens and continue developing the productivity and quality of life within Australia. The Australian Curriculum Assessment and Reporting Authority [ACARA] have the task of developing and implementing a nationwide curriculum. ACARA (n.d.-c) claims have addressed needs of young Australians while considering that changing ways in learning and challenges will continue to shape students education in the future. A look at what the Australian Curriculum is, its purpose, structure and scope, learning theories and teaching processes and whether the curriculum has the capacity to meet the needs of 21st century learners will show that the initial construction of a national curriculum appears to be successful. However, the effectiveness of the Australian Curriculum will only be able to be evaluated in the future after implementation across the country.
In modern democratic society school curriculum has become a prioritised concern for many citizens. It is a key factor in the shaping of future generations and the development of society. Decades have lapsed and numerous attempts have been made to produce a national curriculum for Australia. In 2008 it was announced that the Rudd government in collaboration with State and Territories would produce a plan to move towards a national curriculum (Brady & Kennedy, 2010). To date this has been realised in the deliverance of the Australian Curriculum v1.2 which will be examined in this paper.
Social policy is based around the ideologies of those in government to ensure that every individual with in society is treated equally thought out life so that they are able to receive the same opportunities and access to all areas such as health care, education and welfare help according to their needs. Because of the harsh conditions that the country was, experiencing after World War 2 the Prime Minister Winston Churchill commissioned a report, Beveridge (1942) to try to overcome the country’s social problems and to help those who were suffering from the effects of poverty. One of the areas that the report covered was that of Ignorance which was considered the lack of education. The importance of education is seen as a vital stage in a child’s life not only as a way of teaching academics but also as a way to develop strong minded, independent and productive adults that will someday contribute to the economy and society. Politian’s have given education high priority and have implemented policies to help with the changes within society that effect the level and quality of education, which children receive today. These changes are happening at an exceptional rate, such as global recession, changes within families and environment. This essay will explore political ideologies in education and it will explore the areas such as gender, ethnicity, and social class and the effect and impact that these have on education within society.
The first difference you see between the middle and working class in education is the selection of primary schools as for some it is the first time they are going to enter into the academic world. At this point the family as a whole are entering into “unfamiliar worlds” (Jackson and Marsden, 1966, page 99) in the process of selecting and applying for schools. The middle class aim is to have their children go to a successful school with a good Ofsted report just like the working class. However it is harder for the working class to get into these schools due to a range of factors. Some of these restricting factors are their knowledge of the system and economic status or wealth; they may not have the facilities for tra...
This essay focuses on the shifts and changes in education policy and how it is linked to the issues of social justice. The educational inequalities are closely linked to policy decisions made by the successful government and these policies reveal the underpinning values and views of the interest groups who formed and influenced it. The access to education has a profound effect on life chances and as a result of social and economic conditions changes are made to education policy.
During my studies in this class, we have discussed many issues in society that affects children apart of education systems across America. After reading through our assigned texts so far, I have had time to reflect upon and add to the opinions discussed in class as far as access, gender, opportunity and particularly inequalities in today’s society and how they affect our children today. The main text that influenced most of my opinions so far is David Nasaw’s book “Schooled to Order” – which discusses the history of the public school system here in America. As shown through my reaction papers and discussions in class, I felt Nasaw’s theories and opinions were reflective of the elitist, biased and prejudiced attitudes towards the working poor. I believed that people in our society today believe that unless you come from a certain lineage, pedigree, or mass amounts of money that the individual lacks a certain level of class and therefore would not be successful adul...
Research reveals that the higher the social class, the higher the levels of educational achievement are likely to be. The children of parents in higher social classes are more likely to stay on in post compulsory education, more likely to achieve examination passes when at school, and more likely to gain university entrance. These features painted a true picture of British education in the twentieth century and can be argued to follow this trend today. However, whether there has been any reduction in the inequalities is more debatable, but some research suggests that these inequalities are as great as ever, despite the overall improvements within the education system. Many researchers argue that IQ tests are biased in favour of the middle class, since members of this group largely construct them.
Curriculum development for a given course include identification of number of subjects as per the duration of the course, details of each subject including number of chapters, objective of each chapter, depth of each chapter, topics to be covered in each chapter, skills to be developed at the end of the study of each chapter, the experiments/projects to be completed in each chapter, the important references, the assignments to be completed after each chapter, etc. Since curriculum is the central issue of all courses in higher education system, special care must be given while developing new curriculum, and restructuring/revision of curriculum. Different methods of curriculum development include :
The “National Curriculum”, introduced in 1988, provides a common system for primary and secondary education in Wales and England, stating the subjects and the standards that children should achieve in every subject. Northern Ireland and Scotland use their own curriculum.
Understanding the curriculum experience: Curriculum being more than just a document: Rather than curriculum being just a formal document which is written by the government for teachers to implement in their classroom, Blaise and Nuttall (2011), give a different insight to what curriculum is. They break curriculum down into five different concepts; the intended curriculum, the enacted curriculum, the hidden curriculum, the null curriculum and the lived curriculum. (Blaise & Nuttall, 2011, pp. 82-95). These five concepts create a method of teaching where the students are learning through experiences.
Low socio economic status along with isolation and limited resources are matters that need immediate attention as Mr. Murdoch touches on (2008). The Mitchell Institute have done a comprehensive study on these related issues it was discovered that “At all stages of learning and development, there remains a strong and persistent link between a young person’s socio economic status and educational outcomes”, Mitchell institute fact sheet
The main points highlighted are the family education background, family interest, financial stability and community status but there are many other factors that influence the results. As seen by many researchers, social and financial stability often goes on to provide a better education and future aspirations for children compared to those who are in a lower social class. With status and money, better connections can be made, better education and materials can be bought and more opportunities can be taken, whereas less privileged families aren’t able to do this. The divide in the education system due to social class is increasing regardless of reports that state there is no social system and it’s frankly unfair to the children who want to learn and be successful but are less fortunate. They deserve an equal education to a financially stable families’ child and deserve equal opportunities and successful