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Clay Humphrey
Ms. Hamilton
English 11 AP Prep
23 May 2014
The Invention of the Internet
The internet is by far the most advanced movement in technology the world has ever seen. The capability of moving information – be it via text, audio, video, or some combination thereof – has been our greatest asset over the past 45 years. Since the establishment of the first cross-computer link, things have gone nowhere but up.
In the late 1950’s, the Soviet Union launched the first manmade satellite into orbit. Sputnik, as it was known, did not really do anything. It was a small, ball-shaped hunk of metal that floated without direction through space. Regardless, the US was frightened by this launch. The Soviets had been focusing their efforts and working hard, and many Americans were afraid this would win them the Cold War. The US reacted quickly, forming two new government agencies. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which is quite well known, and the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), which is less heard of ("The Invention of the Internet.").
Shortly after the Sputnik Launch, a man named J.C.R Licklider envisioned what he called a “Galactic Network”. He imagined global connectivity of computers through which all people could quickly and easily access data from any other computer in the world – a shockingly accurate depiction of the internet of today (Leiner). He was concerned that the US’s current communication standard of the telephone was too vulnerable, and could easily be wiped by a missile or two. However, Licklider was not the first to connect computers in a network. Shortly after hearing about the possibility of computer connectivity, Lawrence G. Roberts connected two computers on opposite sides of th...
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...ut current. Internet communities keep things up to date.
A misconception that many have, though, is that the Internet is the World Wide Web. These are different things. The web is what most people think of as the internet – social media, video sharing, and forums. The internet is the combined network of networks of networks in the World. The web is home to all websites, whereas the internet is home to all networks. Regardless of people’s misunderstanding of what the internet is, the World Wide Web would not have been possible without it.
The internet has allowed for the expansion of all things, informative or otherwise. And it has gotten to where it is today over the span of only fifty-or-so years. There is nowhere to go but up, and there is no time like now to go there. The internet will still be just as remarkable in the next fifty years. Probably even more so.
These rivalries would become clear when two countries competed in the space race, a competition between the U.S. and the Soviet Union concerning achievements in the field of space exploration. The Soviet’s took the early lead as they put the first satellite, Sputnik 1, into space. The launch of Sputnik 1 established a sense of fear in the American public, resulting in the creation of NASA in the late 1950’s. This opened the door for space exploration today and for future generations. After World War II, the Cold War created tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States leading to extreme national pride and competition, culminating in the space race which began with the launch of Sputnik 1.
Following the conclusion of the Second World War, the United States and the Soviet Union made it a priority to outdo each other in every possible facet from arsenals of missiles to international alliances and spheres of influences. Yet when the Soviets launched Sputnik on October 4th, 1957, the world changed forever. The first manmade object was fired into space, and it appeared that American technology and science had fallen behind. Yet, the public feared that not only were they now technologically inferior to the Soviets, but also deduced that if a satellite could be launched into space, a nuclear missile could just as likely reach the mainland United States. Less than a month later, the Soviets pushed the bounds of technology yet again by
The World Wide Web and the internet is not the same thing, and they are often confused with being the one and same. However, the internet existed long before the www (World Wide Web). The internet refers to the massive network of computers stretching all over the world. The word internet also found its origin through this, the word comes from the two words interconnected and network. Though we can all with each other through internet, all the computers are not connected to the one and same mega computer. For each network there are one or several computers that hold the information that is needed to access all the information. This arrangement is known as the client-server architecture.
The cold war by the late 1950s had weaved into the everyday life of society for both countries. The announcement from the US that they will launch a satellite into orbit was challenged by the Soviets. On October 4th 1957, the Soviet Union successfully launched Sputnik I. This was the world’s first artificial satellite and man-made object to be in earths orbit. The launch was unexpected to the US, having caught them off guard. As a result Sputnik began to raise fears amongst the public, fearing the possible event of a nuclear attack, due to previous cold war
On October 4, 1957 Russia launched a rocket named Sputnik ( faculty etsu, 2001). The United States (U.S) was caught off guard. Sputnik had the ability to orbit the Earth in just 96 minutes and transmit a frequency easily heard with an amateur radio (Figure 1). If the Russian could launch a satellite under our noses without our knowledge and have the ability to send a signal into our homes in 1957 it was clear that the U.S. was unprepared and had under estimated the ability of their adversaries. We clearly needed a new way of doing business, a new way of defending our country and our families. President Dwight D. Eisenhower had now received a wakeup call, it was time to act. Our enemy could now be thousands of miles away, and still able to get into our homes. The enemy could get to our families without even stepping foot into our homes. The world as we knew it would never be the same.
The History and Future of the Internet Many believe the internet was an overnight sensation, that one day, someone invented the internet and it spread in popularity faster than Tickle Me Elmo or the Macarena. Although the internet did have a surge of commercial popularity, with the invention of Mosaic and later with e-commerce, it was created many years ago with the development of military networking technologies. Also, the internet, unlike many pop culture fads of the nineties, will continue to see a growth in popularity and usefulness as a form of media throughout the information age. Sure, the internet has become overambitious to the point where many internet start-up companies lost their businesses in the recession of the past few years. The quality of the internet, however, has increased as companies realize that there exists competition and smarter consumers that demand superiority.
The Soviets took a lead by launching the first successful satellite into space. On October 4, 1957 the Soviets launched the first successful satellite into orbit. It was called Sputnik I and it successfully entered Earth’s orbit. This first success started the Space Age. The Soviets successful launch shocked the whole world, giving the Soviet Union the respect for putting the first man-made object into outer space. The Americans successfully launched their first satellite four months after Sputnik I, called the Explorer I. The US would have had the first satellite in orbit if they were allowed to use military rockets from the beginning. But, Eisenhower was worried he would be called a warmonger if he used military rockets for launching a satellite into orbit. He told the sci...
The parties had been competing to see who had the most advanced technologies for atleast a decade. The United States had been spying on the USSR with their U2 spy planes throughout the 50s and observed that they were making great technological advances and hired three to four times as many Soviet scientists as there were American. The soviets launched Sputnik in October of 57 which gave birth to the “Crisis of Confidence” of Sputnik (PBS). Americans feared what the Soviets could do with their satellite orbiting and functional. This spurred the United States to get their technology that they have been working on to orbit. This rushed mentality created by American media and the red scare led the Vanguard TV3 rocket to an arguably premature
The history of the internet shows that the internet is not a new medium. The internet was initially created in the 1960's to as a way for the United States to stay connected in case of a nuclear fallout due to the possible consequences of the Cold War. F...
The internet has come along way since its birth back in 1969, from its start as a government network to the everyday life; it has proven to be one of the greatest inventions ever discovered. It has helped many people with an array of task ranging from everyday government usage, and personal web pages to the ever so expanding horizons of technology still being produced today. Between the good and the bad, the internet has improved the way of life, and will continue to improve throughout time.
Since the development of the Internet in late 1980s, communication has changed enormously. The Internet has altered the lives of people in the world in a way that was never imagined before. As little as a decade ago, if someone tried to explain the Internet and World Wide Web, it would have been difficult, if not impossible, to understand. Computers were just beginning to become popular and few individuals realized the capacity of one PC, let alone the power of a network of electronic technology. By linking together computers, users could remotely access others on the network, share information, and send electronic mail as easily as pushing a button. Millions of people with shared interests, exchange information and build communities through Web sites, email and instant-messaging software.
The Internet has revolutionized the computer and communications world like nothing before. The Internet enables communication and transmission of data between computers at different locations. The Internet is a computer application that connects tens of thousands of interconnected computer networks that include 1.7 million host computers around the world. The basis of connecting all these computers together is by the use of ordinary telephone wires. Users are then directly joined to other computer users at there own will for a small connection fee per month. The connection conveniently includes unlimited access to over a million web sites twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week. There are many reasons why the Internet is important these reasons include: The net adapts to damage and error, data travels at 2/3 the speed of light on copper and fiber, the internet provides the same functionality to everyone, the net is the fastest growing technology ever, the net promotes freedom of speech, the net is digital, and can correct errors. Connecting to the Internet cost the taxpayer little or nothing, since each node was independent, and had to handle its own financing and its own technical requirements.
In conclusion, the Internet has built up our society, but it could also tear it down with a major Internet black out. The Internet offers great opportunities for technological advancement. It has created a new way of personal, social, and business interactions. I believe the Internet was one of the best creations of time and I cannot wait to see what is in store for the future of the Internet and its relationship with human kind.
So who was the genius behind the information superhighway, you ask? Well let’s take a step back to the sixties, a decade when Cold War tension caused nationwide fear of nuclear warfare. Early in the decade, two groups of researchers, privately owned RAND Corporation (America’s leading nuclear war think-tank) and federal agency ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency), grappled with a bizarre strategic mystery: in the event of nuclear war, how could political and military officials communicate successfully? It was obvious that a network, linking cities and military bases, would be necessary. But the advent of the atomic bomb made switches, wiring, and command posts for this network highly vulnerable. A “nuclear-safe” network would need to operate with missing links and without central authority.
The volume of the information that you will find on the internet is outstanding. For every topic that pops in your mind, then you will sure be able to find it on the internet, because there is always someone that has written about it. The internet can offer you a series of different perspectives on a single topic. As a matter of fact, you can even connect to an online encyclopedia. A lot of them offer you a subscription service that helps you search through the full text of the encyclopedia.