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Relationship between entrepreneurship and innovation
Innovation in entrepreneurship
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Every manager has their own principles of running an organisation and managing employees. Some of their ideas might be similar to others, whilst different managers believe that it is important to use alternative approaches to thrive; therefore, the purpose of this essay is to compare and contrast the perceptions of Tom Peters, Sumantra Ghoshal and Rosabeth Moss Kante. They are three of the twelve Gurus of Management presented by BBC English and Charles Handy, for providing useful and alternative ideas for companies when setting their goals, dealing with employees and understanding the function of a corporation in a society as a whole.
Tom Peters (1942, Baltimore – USA) is a writer on business management practices who says he has contributed to management thinking by making it accessible to every manager (Jacobs, 2010). He has written seven books along his career, rooting his ideas in everyday experiences. Peters believes that in the next twenty years or so, 90 percent of jobs are likely to be entirely altered or eliminated, as nowadays, the success of individuals depends upon brain power and curiosity, therefore the self-managed development of the human being in a company becomes vital. In turn, the company becomes the instrument responsible for encouraging the individual’s growth.
On the other hand, the main idea of Sumantra Ghoshal is that every single company has its own atmosphere, so called by him the “springtime theory”. In brief, he believed that the mission of the management was to transform the Calcutta atmosphere into Fontainebleau atmosphere, as usually compared during his lectures and seminars. Go through the door of any business, he would say, and you can tell whether it is Calcutta or Fontainebleau. A manager's task ...
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...n turn, they must get satisfaction from the results of their work and keep a high dose of modesty.
It is made very clear by all Gurus of Management how important is to take into consideration every aspect of an organisation. They all have different points of view, whereas one of them believes that the issue of a modern company relates to the way that the job positions are constantly changing, the other believes that the atmosphere of the company is the crucial point of progress. Above all, they all claim for a change in the way that managers are managing, as they believe that the middle management is holding companies back and should be left behind. In turn, individuals should be able to work on their own, which consequently would give people more satisfaction from their job, increasing cooperation and innovation, therefore setting the company in the way of success.
This book is important to business students because it shows that even the most seasoned executive runs into unexpected challenges and can find themselves in uncharted territory. Jim Barton’s experiences and lessons can be lessons for anyone. Any employee, whether they are support staff or a top executive, should always maintain an open mind and be ready to learn from a situation or the people around them at any time.
The theory suggests that the nature and quality of the company’s leaders is an important factor of the performance and job satisfaction of their subordinates (Glisson 1989). The theory implies that managers while in control need to be capable of maintaining cooperation from his or her employees. In this type of leadership style, the employees would be encouraged to share opinions and ideas. Staff would feel engaged in decision-making and creativity would be rewarded. The leader would be flexible, open to communication, and respectful of new
My management philosophy includes appreciating every employee in the organization and leaving each achieves individual potential. Every business cannot succeed without having employees, and they need to feel that they are part of the total organization. Every employee needs to feel that they matter in the organization and doing this is part of my management philosophy.
Over 50 years ago, English-speaking managers were directly introduced to Henry Fayol’s theory in management. His treatise, General and Industrial Management (1949), has had a great effect on managers and the practice of management around the world. However, 24 years after the English translation of Fayol, Henri Mintzberg in the Nature of Managerial Work (1973) developed another theory and stated that Fayol’s work was just “folklores”.
Since the end of the 19th century, when factory manufacturing became widespread and the size of organisations increased, people have been looking for ways to motivate employees and improve productivity. A need for management ideas arise which lead to classical contributors such as Frederick Taylor and Henri Fayol generating management theories such as Taylor’ Scientific Management and Fayol’s Administrative Management. In the late 1920’s and early 1930’s the Hawthorne studies were conducted where Elton Mayo was the predominate figure and contributed to the Behavioural viewpoint. This brought about a Human Relations Movement which included Douglas McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y approach. Similarities and differences can be found between the theories due to the relevant time period they were implemented, the motives or goal of the theory and how they view organisations. However the use of contingency theory can help negate the dissimilarities which occur as it allows the relevant elements from each theory to be applied to specific situations.
These emerging theories have enabled managers to appreciate new patterns of thinking, new ways of organising, and new ways of managing organisations and people. Over the years these different theories have enabled the study of trends that have taken place in the management field. The major management viewpoints- which include the classical, behavioural and contingency approaches- have assisted in the formation of the contemporary twenty-first century management theory and techniques (S. C. Certo & S. T. Certo, 2006). Although, there are significant differences among all these approaches, they seem to be unified by the efforts of improving an organisation’s efficiency in terms of proper human resources management. Furthermore, the dissimilarities seen in these approaches are due to the ever-changing organisations and environments which demand new management practices and techniques be applied to maintain the efficiency of an organisation.
in the similar manner, Hill, & McShane, (2008), argued that managers remain the most important asset of the business that drives the business towards path of development and growth. Additionally, the importance of managers, their roles and functions cannot be neglected. As the business environment has become highly competitive with market segments highly fragmented forcing business entities to adopt and integrate effective business practices that can ensure that the business is heading towards the path of competitive advantage. In this regard, it is realized that the role and function of manager has become highly indispensable. The early theory of management, as per stated by Need, (2006), argues that the core functions of manager are to Plan, Organize, Staffing, Leading, and Controlling. Augier, & Teece, (2009), within this regard stated that effective and efficient managers do not just go and perform haphazardly, in fact, good and effective managers discover their strengths, ensure they are making the most out of the existing resources and mastering the above mentioned five basic functions. The overall role of manager is highly significant, mainly because of the fact that manager while performing these five functions guide the entire business and
In the twenty first century, leaders are required to build a greater impression in which people believe in strategy, trust in management decisions, and trust in their work. Once people believe in management choice, there will be enthusiasm inside an organisation. Such an environment helps the organisation growing or flourish. A doing well leaders create a surroundings in cooperation inside and outside the organisation. (Subir chowdbhury management, 21c financial times prentice hall (2000)
The book ‘A new definition of Administration’ extensively defines the theory of Fayol as how important it is for a business to be successful when following the guidance of a leadership with a Administrative style of Management.
In today’s competitive business environment, effective management plays a crucial role. The article Five Minds of a Manager by Jonathan Gosling and Henry Mintzberg, identify some important aspects of effective managers. According to the author, “The world of the manager is complicated and confusing.” Consequently, mangers need to think above ordinary employees. In particular, managers should, think global and act local, collaborate through competitions, be agents of change and maintain order. This paper provides a reflective review of the article Five Minds of a Manager by Jonathan Gosling and Henry Mintzberg.
Due to the changes in management patterns and advancements, there are changes that could be made to the theory to make it relevant and applicable in the contemporary management. For instance, in the fourteen principles, the inclusion of staff welfare may make the theory flexible and adaptable (Thomson 2004).
In my opinion, there are some managerial roles that a manager needs to follow to become successful in the company. Depending on organizations these managerial roles changes and to be successful in business, every organization must assign right person for managerial roles. Finding a right person to a particular managerial role is really hard to do but there is another factor that we can consider here, which is the managerial skills. Managerial skills help a person to perform the managerial roles effectively. So by evaluating a person’s managerial skills we can identify whether he is suitable for particular managerial job or not. There is a company called Tata group, which is one of India’s biggest company, follows certain procedures which is called the Tata way, for dealing managers which includes hiring, training and assigning efficiently and effectively. This is reason why managerial job in the Tata group became my favorite job. This paper examines how this unique procedure for dealing managers make the Tata group successive and how can the study of organizational behavior help to replicate it and maybe even improve it.
Managers nowadays do not actually do what a manager really should do back in the eighties. Changes that occurred in the new economy, the increasing use of technology in business, and the effects of globalisation towards business world have led management into a whole new dimension. New managers are expected to be able to manage on an international scale, act strategically, utilize technology, establish values, and of course, act responsibly as well. (Crainer, 1998) Henry Mintzberg once asked, "What do managers do?" After conducting his research based on a study of five CEOs, he concluded that managerial work involves interpersonal role, decisional role and informational role. And the fact is that, managers get things done through other people. Therefore, managers are required to possess certain skills and competencies which allow them to play these roles effectively and efficiently throughout the four functions of management. (Mintzberg, 1998)
Over the past hundred years management has continuously been evolving. There have been a wide range of approaches in how to deal with management or better yet how to improve management functions in our ever changing environment. From as early as 1100 B.C managers have been struggling with the same issues and problems that manager’s face today. Modern managers use many of the practices, principles, and techniques developed from earlier concepts and experiences.
In Today’s world, the composition and how work is done has massively changed and is still continuing to change. Work is now more complex, more team base, depends greatly on technological and social skills and lastly more mobile and does not depend on geography. Companies are also opting for ways to help their employees perform their duties effectively so that huge profits are realized in the long term .The changes in the workplaces include Reduction in the structure of the hierarchy ,breakdown in the organization boundaries , improved and better management tactics and perspectives and lastly better workplace condition and health to the employees. (Frank Ackerman, Neva R. Goodwin, Laurie Dougherty, Kevin Gallagher, 2001)