Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Case study for placenta previa
Placenta previa case study
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Case study for placenta previa
The opportunity to bring life into the world is a priceless moment, and for that to be threatened by a disease; such as Placenta Previa, is heartbreaking. Placenta previa is commonly described as the imbedding of the placenta over or close to the cervix. According to the Permanente Medical Group, during a normal pregnancy the placenta forms at the top part of the uterus far from the cervix. However in placenta previa, the placenta tends to attach to the lower section of the uterus either covering or partially over the cervix, making it almost impossible for a normal delivery (vaginal birth) to take place (Placenta Previa). Placenta previa complicates about 1 in every 200 deliveries and is one of the top leading causes of vaginal bleedings for the second and third trimester (Getahun). It is also related with the escalation of risks of maternal and infant illness and death (Getahun). Instead of there being a specific or many solutions over the years, doctors have come to agreement with different treatments for placenta previa. The obvious solution to placenta previa is to reduce your risks by avoiding cigarettes and any type of drugs, try to reduce your use of abortions an cesarean section, meaning no elective C-sections (The Bump). However, because the reduction in the things above is unlikely due to the mind-frame and unawareness of today’s women, the medical board has to think of alternative treatments to placenta previa, such as bed rest, constant monitoring through-out the pregnancy, and cesarean section. In this essay, I will evaluate the above listed treatments, which stage the doctor will suggest the treatment and explain which I believe is best.
The obvious solution to placenta previa is to reduce your risks by avoiding ci...
... middle of paper ...
...ems/articles/placenta-previa.aspx>.
Childbirtth Solutions Staff. "Placenta Previa." Childbirth Solutions RSS. 21 Mar. 2014 .
Getahun, Darios, Yinka Oyelese, Hamisu M. Salihu, and Cande V. Ananth. "Previous Cesarean Delivery and Risks of Placenta Previa and Placental Abruption." Obstetrics & Gynecology 107.4 (2006): 771-78. Print.
Health Centrall. "Placenta Previa." Placenta Previa. 31 Mar. 2014 .
Mazel, Sharon, and Heidi E. Murkoff. "Placenta Previa." What To Expect When You Are Expecting. 4th ed. New York: Workman Publisher, 2008. 552-53.
"Placenta Previa." My Doctor Online. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2014.
"Placenta Previa-Treatment Overview." WebMD. 23 Feb. 2010. WebMD. 24 Mar. 2014 .
In most hospital delivery rooms, the doctors will routinely clamp and sever the umbilical cord with in fifteen to thirty seconds of the mother giving birth. When clamping the cord, the doctors will clamp the cord in two places, one close to the infant and then again in the middle of the cord another clamp. By delaying the clamping, fetal blood in the placental transfusion can provide the infant with an additional thirty percent more blood volume and up to sixty percent more blood cells (McDonald, S., & Middleton, P., 2009). This reduces the risk of the hemorrhaging that could occur after birth. But with new ongoing studies, it is said that by delaying the clamping of the cor...
Asfour, V, and S Bewley. 2011. Cord clamping practice could affect the ratio of placental weight to birth weight and perinatal outcomes. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology 118 (12): 1539–40. Retrieved November 8, 2014
...regiver sees signs of separation, they could ask you to push gently one more time to help get the placenta out. After the placenta is out you are completely done with the process of giving birth.
Deering, S.H. (2004). Abruptio placentae. Department of obstetrics and gynecology: Madigan army medical center, 2, 3.
It is important to understand what women commonly experience during pregnancy. With a better understanding of what happens during prenatal development and childbirth, physicians can competently develop the best plan for the mother and baby. I interviewed two women who have been previously pregnant in order to evaluate how the ideas in the book translate into real-life experiences.
Reddy, U. M., Zhang, J., Sun, L., Chen, Z., Raju, T. N., & Laughon, K. (2012). Neonatal mortality by attempted route of delivery in early preterm birth. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 207(2). doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2012.06.023
Placental abruption is a condition in which premature separation of the placenta from the uterus. Women with placental abruption, also called abruptio placentae, usually present with bleeding, uterine contractions, and fetal distress. Complications such as a risk for recurrence in women who have experienced placental abruptions previous in other pregnancies. Understanding the leading cause to contributing factor of placental abruption, is understanding the origin of the condition. Associations that are common during pregnancy which can lead to an abruption that is acknowledged as risk factors can be fetal growth, advancing maternal age, hypertension, previous abortions and folic acid deficiency. The high mortality rates from an abruption come
eclampsia in a pregnant woman can put her and her unborn child at risk. A risk
Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal mortality in the world, according to the World Health Organization. Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is generally defined as a blood loss of more than 500 mL after a vaginal birth, more than 1000 mL after a cesarean section, and a ten percent decrease in hematocrit levels from pre to post birth measurements (Ward & Hisley, 2011). An early hemorrhage occurs within 24 hours of birth, with the greatest risk in the first four hours. A late hemorrhage happens after 24 hours of birth but less than six weeks after birth. Uterine atony—failure for the uterine myometrium to contract—is the most common postpartum hemorrhage (Venes, Ed.).(2013). Other etiologies include lower genital tract lacerations, uterine inversion, retained products of conception and bleeding disorders (Kawamura, Kondoh, Hamanishi, Kawasaki, & Fujita, (2014).
Unlike vaginal birth delivery, the process of a cesarean delivery is quite different, but just as safe as giving vaginal birth (Taylor, 1). When delivering a baby using the cesarean method, there are two ways anesthetic can be used. The women can be put into an unconscious state using the anesthetic, therefore she will be asleep during the entire operation and her coach may not be present. The other way for the anesthetic to be used would be in an epidural or spinal block to temporarily numb the woman from her waist down. In this case the mother will be awake and her coach may be present to give her extra support. Once the anesthetic is working, an incision is made in the abdomen either horizontally or vertically, depending on the reason for the cesarean delivery. A vertical incision is made when the baby is in trouble and needs to be out as quickly as possible, when there is more time the horizontal incision is used. The baby is then lifted out of the uterus and gone for the APGAP procedure. The placenta is then removed and the mother’s reproductive organs are examined before closing the incision (Taylor, 1).
March Dimes Foundation: Pregnancy and Newborn Health Education Center. Retrieved from http://www.marchofdimes.com/materials/teenage-pregnancy.pdf
Cesarean delivery in a past pregnancy continues to generate a critical problem in decision making for both women and their caregivers. For women who have had a previous cesarean section, have three possibilities for their next method of birth. They can go into labor and have a vaginal birth, which is known as (VBAC), or they can go into labor and unfortunately need another cesarean. The other option is an elective repeat cesarean (ERC). Choosing the method of birth is an important and a very personal decision, therefore it should be discussed with family and with the health care provider who can help you learn what the risks may be. The health care provider has to take into account many factors in their decision-making process. Trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC) should be a possibility for most women with a prior cesarean but regardless of the approach to delivery, a
Every woman when pregnant has a 3-5% chance of having a baby born with a birth defect, and these chances increase when the developing fetus/ embryos are exposed to teratogens, whether it’s intentional or unintentional (Bethesda (MD), 2006). Teratogens can cause severe birth defects, malformations, or terminate the pregnancy altogether (Jancárková, & Gregor, 2000). The placenta is known as an effective barrier from any detrimental pathogen that can potentially hurt the fetus. The timing of exposure of any teratogen is critical to the impact of prenatal development (Bethesda (MD), 2006). The most vulnerable time of the fetus for severe damage is during early pregnancy when all the major organ and central nervous system (CNS) are developing. Miscarriages have an important role in keeping a pregnancy from evolving when there is something serious going on with the developing fetus/embryo. Miscarriages are more common than we think and are the most familiar type of pregnancy loss (Bethesda (MD), 2006).
After obtaining approval from our Institutional Review Board and written informed consent, 80 parturients with mild preeclampsia between 18-40 years old were included in this randomized, double-blind study. The study was done at Saad Specialist Hospital, Alkhobar, Saudi Arabia between March 2012 and December 2013. Any parturient diagnosed as mild preeclamp...
This new study, considered "new age" or alternative by most medical standards at this time, included 64 pregnant women in its study. All of them were healthy throughout their pregnancies, and none of them had any major complications throughout those nine months. All of the women delivered at San Cecilio Clinical Hospital, located in Granada, California, and their births were spontaneous vaginal deliveries.