Design approach for sewage treatment plant: a case study of Srikakulam greater municipality, India.
Ponnada Puspalatha*1, Polipalli Kalpana2
1 Environmental Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam, AP, India
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam, AP, India
*corresponding author Email id: puspalatha148@gmail.com
Abstract
Srikakulam city has been a developing place due to the steady increase in city population, which in turn resulted in the increase of domestic sewage generated, but still there is no sewage treatment plant. So it is required to construct a sewage treatment plant with sufficient capacity to treat the generated sewage. Sewage water treatment has challenges to treat the excess sludge and disposal of sludge. Sewage/Wastewater treatment operations are done by various methods in order to reduce, its water and organic content, and the ultimate
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The grit basin is intended to scour the lighter particles while the heavier grit particles remain settled down. [2]
5 Primary sedimentation Sedimentation is the process of removing solid particles heavier than water by gravity settling i.e., the particle size less than 0.2mm and specific gravity 2.65. In wastewater treatment, sedimentation is used to remove both inorganic and organic materials which are settleable in continuous-flow conditions. [3] The sedimentation tank comprises of a tank with 2 settling pipes where solid waste settles down. Baffles are provided to improve the settling process. At this stage the removal percentage of suspended solids are 60-65% and BOD from sewage is 30-35%.[5] Skimmers are used to remove the floating impurities like grease and oil on the water surface during sedimentation.
6 Biological
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Stephenson, R., & Blackburn, J. J. (1998). The Industrial Wastewater Systems Handbook. New York: Lewis Publishers.
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Water plays such an important role in our daily lives. 70% of our body is composed of water. 70% of the earth surface is also made up of water, but out of the 70%, only 1/3 of water is consumable. In fact, this amount has been continuously to decrease as more and more industries began to pollute and damage the water. For example, many toxic chemicals may be released into the water thus making the water impure. Such pollutions and damages lead the water to be contaminated and inconsumable as it may cause severe diseases. Water purification can remove all the unnecessary bacteria and viruses from the water that is hazardous for our health. Water purification may also improve the flavor and appearance of water. It removes the unpleasant odor. Therefore, water purification became one of the most useful and popular process used by people all over the world today. It is by far the most recommended and safest water treatment that is commonly used to purify damaged water into consumable water. Water purification provides us with safe, pure and clean water to consume and use.