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Stroke patient safety
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According to the National Chronic Disease Strategy (2006), 80% of the total burden of disease, mental problems and injury is due to chronic disease. However, a number of chronic diseases can be prevented, their onset delayed, their progression slowed and other associated complications reduced (National Chronic Disease Strategy). Such goals are achieved through interventions at a population level in Australia which can be initiated by all levels of government and by non-government organisations, often directed by overarching guidelines or strategies (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2009). As such, a number of stroke related campaigns and guidelines have been established to reduce the impact of stroke through increasing awareness …show more content…
The Stroke Foundation developed the “Clinical Guidelines for Stroke Management” (2010) to provide evidence-based recommendations for the management of stroke during all phases of recovery and to improve the delivery of care. Therefore, if an intervention or strategy is deemed effective through evidence, it has been recommended in the guidelines, alongside a grading to reflect the reliability of the evidence and the importance of the intervention or strategy. The guidelines are primarily intended for use by policy makers and health care professionals who manage people with stroke in order to improve the quality and effectiveness of the care provided. However, it is essential to not only provide information to the health professionals, but also to the community to prevent or reduce the impact of a stroke. The Stroke Foundation aimed to raise awareness of the 4 common signs of stroke, as well as the impact time has on a person having a stroke in terms of their treatment path and recovery, through their “Think F.A.S.T Act FAST” campaign. The pneumonic F.A.S.T teaches people that signs of face or arm weakness and speech difficulties are stroke signs and prompts them that it is time to act quickly to get medical assistance. Health professionals are also encouraged to inform their patients, friends and relatives of the campaign to prevent the impact of
Stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain is blocked or condensed. Blood works to transport oxygen and other beneficial substances to the body’s cells and organs, as well as the brain. There are two main types of strokes that are known as Ischemic strokes and Hemorrhagic strokes. When the blood vessels that provides for the brain becomes congested, is it referred to as ischemic stroke, the most common stroke within adults. Blood clots, a cluster of blood that sticks together, are the cause of Ischemic strokes. Ischemic strokes also takes place when arteries become backed up with plague, leaving less blood to flow. Plague is cholesterol, calcium and fibrous and connective tissue that sticks to the walls of blood vessels. Ischemic strokes eternally damage the brain and cause a person's body to no longer function habitually.Some risk factors that may increase stroke are high cholesterol, diabetes, high blood pressure, and obesity. Some stroke factors are also due to old age or having a family that has a history of strokes. Men are more likely to have a stroke but the most st...
It is frequently expressed by stroke patients and caregivers that they have not been afforded the suitable information related to stroke, treatments, or post discharge management and recovery, and that the information conveyed is perceived as insufficient and complex. The problem is that there is a failure of healthcare professionals in identifying the learning needs of stroke patients associated with a deficiency in knowledge of just how to access and communicate this crucial information. Indeed, while patient education can be time consuming and nurses may not be properly trained in stroke education it is a nursing duty to provide these teachings to patients and caregivers prior to discharge. This paper will propose an educational plan intended to train, assist, and support nursing staff responsible for stroke patient education, in providing accurate, individualized, guideline based stroke education to patients and families prior to discharge. This plan
A Stroke Nurse Practitioner can also be found in areas of both primary and secondary prevention where he or she makes certain that each patient is evaluated and preventative therapies are implemented. Such assessments include brain imaging, dysphagia and hypertension screening. In addition, this NP can act as a coordinator for stroke patients from admission to discharge by meeting with families and rehabilitation centers and providing information and resources to the post stroke patient. This NP is the gateway to educating the nursing staff in recognizing the signs and symptoms of stroke and implementing the facilities stroke protocol.
Stroke not only affect the life of the patient but also their significant others, especially the caregiver. Caregiver is identified as the “hidden patient” (Andolstek et al, 1988). Families maintain the primary care responsibility for elderly with chronic illness and disability (Montgomery et al, 1985). The effects of caregiving span across physical health (Grafstrom et al, 1992; Kiecolt-Glasier et al, 1991), mental well-being (Cochrane et al, 1997) and social life (Luterman, D. ,2008; Bakas et al, 2006).
Fifty percent of stroke survivors will experience some residual impairment (physical and cognitive), which is devastating to the individual and their families (Rudd et al, 2002). It is therefore vital for patients and resources that maximum functional recovery is achieved as fast as possible. The physiotherapist has a key role to play in the management of stroke patients, through assessment, prevention strategies, acute management and recovery. This essay aims to critically discuss physiotherapeutic management and examine how it has and may be influenced by a number of factors (e.g. type of organized system for the delivery of post stroke care, setting of therapy, evidence based practice from which National Guidelines are produced etc). The first stage is to outline stroke pathology, of which forms the basis of appropriate management.
In my practice learning environment (PLE), I encountered Ruby, a ninety year old lady who had suffered a stroke. The rationale for choosing Ruby for this reflection is that she had a Waterlow score of eighteen on admission. The intrinsic factors contributing to the high Waterlow score included her age, skin integrity, nutritional status, mobility, faecal continence and special risk due to her left cerebellar stroke (Waterlow, 2005). Ruby’s post stroke symptoms included; weakness in her right limbs, frustration over losing independence and a right visual field deficit. Since, these symptoms can contribute to the development of PUs (Suttipong and Sindhu, 2012); I knew the nursing staff and I must make PU prevention a priority in Ruby’s care planning. Through showing compassion and taking a person-centred approach by involving Ruby and her family in decisions, as a team, we successfully put evidence based PU...
This module has enabled the author to understand the concept of vulnerability, risk and resilience in relation to stroke. Therefore, it will contribute to her professional development and lifelong learning (NES, 2012). Additionally, the author has gained evidence based knowledge of person-centred care, compassion and self-awareness; all of which can be used to inform future practice (Miller, 2008). Consequently, she will be able to provide the appropriate level of care that can make a difference to a person’s recovery.
Stroke survivors or anyone with chronic illness and health providers remain hopeful and “realistic” by counting on each other. The patients while being realistic about the outcome of their disease, stay hopeful that each of their health care providers will give them the appropriate care and will make sure that they can live with their disease in the best way possible.
In the last few years efforts has been made to better understand the pathophysiology of stroke, especially ischemic stroke that is responsible for 80 percent of the cases. It has been stablished that the immune system, and specifically the inflammatory compounds, play an important role in the development and aggravation of ischemic stroke. The different ways that an inflammatory environment can contribute to the stroke development are: alteration in the vascular reactivity or vasculitis, thus promoting vasculopathy; thrombosis and atherosclerosis (ref 11, 15, 18-22 macrez).
Stroke has been classified as the most disabling chronic disease, with deleterious consequences for individuals, families, and society1. Stroke impacts on all domains in the ICF. The body dimension (body functions and structures), the individual dimension (activity), and the social dimension (participation). All domains influence each other2.
My presentation proposal involves stroke education and prevention. My target audience is men, over the age of 60. I will cover the multiple types of strokes and describe each precursor. I will refer to several case studies in order to demonstrate how particular factors may increase the risk of stroke. I will describe why my chosen age group is at higher risk than younger ones. I aim to introduce appropriate ways to respond to such an event, as well as health management after an event. Knowing that symptoms may be different in any given stroke victim means I will cover multiple risk factors and how they affect the brain.
1. What is the difference between a. and a. Introduction The main aim of this report is to present and analyse the disease called Cerebrovascular Accident, popularly known as stroke. This disease affects the cerebrovascular system, which is a part of the cardiovascular system.
Stroke is a commonly known disease that is often fatal. This cellular disease occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted by either a blood clot halting the progress of blood cells in an artery, called an Ischemic stroke, or a blood vessel in the brain bursting or leaking causing internal bleeding in the brain, called a hemorrhagic stroke. When this happens, brain cells are deprived of oxygen and nutrients because the blood cells carrying these essential things are stopped, causing them to die. When the cells in the brain die, sensation or movement in a limb might be cut off and may limit an organism’s abilities. A person with stroke is affected depending on where in the brain the stroke occurs. In other words, symptoms of a stroke
Stroke is a serious medical condition that affects people of all ages specifically older adults. People suffer from a stroke when there is decreased blood flow to the brain. Blood supply decreases due to a blockage or a rupture of a blood vessel which then leads to brain tissues dying. The two types of stroke are ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. An ischemic stroke is caused by a blood clot blocking the artery that brings oxygenated blood to the brain. On the other hand, a hemorrhagic stroke is when an artery in the brain leaks or ruptures (“About Stroke,” 2013). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), “Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States and is a major cause of adult disability” (“About Stroke,” 2013). Stroke causes a number of disabilities and also leads to decreased mobility in over half of the victims that are 65 and older. The CDC lists several risk factors of stroke such as heredity, age, gender and ethnicity as well as medical conditions such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes and excessive weight gain that in...
Educating a stroke patient comes with many challenges. Patients who have had a stroke may suffer from barriers that may negatively affect the learning process. When educating patients in general, it has been reported that 40-80% of the information provided by the healthcare professionals is forgotten (Kessels, 2003). The more information that is presented, the least amount of information is recalled (Kessels, 2003). Many studies have provided information regarding which teaching modality works best with stroke patients. Written materials paired with oral education, hands on approach, demonstration, telephone follow up calls, as well as repetition has been proven effective with stroke patients. In addition, it has been reported that one must individualize the education to each patient keeping in mind the patients post stroke reading level.