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Negotiation skills and tactics subtopics
Distributive vs integrative and cooperative bargaining
Cross cultural negotiation case study
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Question 1:
In understanding the way that people negotiate, I believe that men and women negotiate differently. After the Mark Trask negotiation during class, I noticed that women draw on more examples or comparisons when negotiating. The reason for comparisons or examples might be that women feel as though their counterpart might be more likely to understand a position or opinion if they hear something that is relatable to them. On the other hand, men might be more likely to not engage in this technique because they see that sticking to the relevant information and not elaborating will get them to an agreement quicker.
Additionally, in Linda Babcock and Sara Laschever’s article, Women Don’t Ask: Negotiation and the Gender Divide, both
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Jeanne Brett’s article, Culture and Negotiation, mentions that different cultural norms and values really influence how people negotiate. This could be illustrated through the idea that it might be hard to negotiate with someone who has opposite morals. Putting away an individual’s feelings or opinions in order to advocate zealously for their client is harder if his or her counterpart states something they do not agree with. Thus, this might impede on the overall negotiation and prevent them from reaching an agreement, or reaching an agreement that their client would find to be …show more content…
Again, in terms of gender, I am now aware that a potential limitation on distributive bargaining is that males might be more inclined to engage in this behavior. This approach uses leverage and learning information that can be used against the other party. Thus, a male’s trait of being dominate might draw them more towards this approach. While a potential limitation on integrative bargaining could be that women are more likely to engage in this approach. This approach uses resources that can be expanded or shared in ways that better meet the needs of both parties. Nevertheless, a strength of the integrative approach might be that because women engage in this approach more often than men, they are more likely to reach an agreement. Integrative bargaining seems to succeed much more than distributive bargaining because it is far harder to get anywhere in a negotiation with that
The Truth in Negotiations Act was passed on December 1, 1962 requiring government contractors to submit cost or pricing data if the procurement met specific requirements in order to establish that the offer is fair and reasonable. The history of The Truth in Negotiations Act will set the stage for its significance in the twenty-first century. Prior to World War II, the United States government conducted its bidding process for procurement in an open bid environment. What was required for a bid was a complete description of the requirement, two or more suppliers capable and willing to complete the requirement, a selection based on price competition and sufficient time to prepare a complete statement of the government’s needs and terms. (Graetz, 1968). If any of these were missing then a negotiated contract would have to take place. This was a time consuming process.
Lewicki, R., Saunders, D.M., Barry B., (2010) Negotiation: Readings, Exercises, and Cases. 6th Ed. McGraw-Hill Irwin. New York, NY
Negotiations styles are scholastically recognized as being broken down into two general categories and those are distributive bargaining styles and integrative negotiation styles. Distributive bargaining styles of negotiation are understood to be a competitive type of negotiation. “Distributive bargaining, also known as positional bargaining, negotiating zero-sum, competitive negotiation, or win-lose negotiation, is a type or style of negotiation in which the parties compete for the distribution of a fixed amount of value” (Business Blog Reviews, 2011). This type of negotiation skill or style approach might be best represented in professional areas such as the stock market where there is a fixed goal in mind or even in a garage sale negotiation where the owner would have a specific value of which he/she would not go below. In contrast, an integrative negotiation approach/style is that of cooperative bargaining, or win-win types ...
By using theories of popular ideology as base material, the same errors committed by early generations of male scholars will be repeated. This is a critical barrier to defining gender inequality. Perhaps the fact that gender inequality, like other forms of inequality, creates two competing sets of myths has been continuously overlooked. One myth that shows men’s advantage, the other one that reflects women’s. Making opposite claims about what is considered true or just, and yet share some particular
For instance, another one of my interviewees was a 36-year-old black female who currently works as a social worker and stated that they were no significant differences in opportunities between genders. However, she stated that she would be working in healthcare soon and has heard of issues pertaining to the rate I which men are paid as opposed to the women employees. The 21-year-old Hispanic male interviewee told me that he works at a non-profit organizations and the Executive Director makes the place safe and equal for all if the workers. The International Labor Organizations demonstrates that most women work in health and social services, where as only 42 percent work in scientific and technological fields. In places where women are more common, there might be any differences in opportunities, whereas a place where more men are common there might be. It goes back to the “male and female dominate”
Juror 8 's success in persuading the other 11 jurors was a direct result of his having effectively followed the stages of the negotiation process. In Conflict Management, five stages of the negotiation process were identified as preparation, introduction, initiation, intensification, and closing (Budjac Corvette, 2007). In 12 Angry Men, juror 8 utilized preparation, introduction, and intensification stages to effectively persuade the other jurors.
The topic for my real world negotiation is to come to an agreement with my supervisor for a promotion as well as an increased salary. I currently work as a student assistant at the student services Planning, Enrollment Management, and Student Affairs (PEMSA) department. My goal is to increase my hourly pay from $10.15 to $12.70, a 25% increase. Having worked in this department for three years, I have taken on tasks not part of my job description such as processing return mail, data entry, and supervision.
Lewicki, R. J., Saunders, D. M., & Barry, B. (2010). Negotiation: Readings, exercises, and cases. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin
While things are changing in some respects, like it or not, Mexico is still a male-dominated culture at the business, professional, and government levels. While offensive to us, you ignore this reality at your peril when selecting a negotiating team. Oftentimes, in my negotiations in Mexico, I carried much of the negotiating load because my boss, who was an extraordinary academician and executive, was female and we already had one other senior female vice president on the team.
Long, R. (2011, August 21). Chapter 9 Gender Inequality. Retrieved December 4, 2013, from Social Problems: http://dmc122011.delmar.edu/socsci/rlong/problems/chap-09.htm
During this course, I have learned a lot about negotiating. We learned about almost every negotiating technique there is. We learned about cross-cultural negotiations, body language, Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement (BATNA), variables in negotiating, and many more. Before this course, I did not know that much about negotiating. I thought that negotiating was just about trading or convincing someone to give you what you want and you did not care about the other side, resulting in a win-lose. I now know that negotiating is about getting what you want, but also giving the other side what they want as well to result in a win-win. This paper is about how I am going to improve my negotiating skills over the next six months. In order for me to improve my negotiating skills, I believe I need to improve the following skills- my body language, communication, planning, and my interpersonal communications. By improving those skills, I can become an effective negotiator.
1) The difference between distributive and integrative bargaining Negotiation approaches are generally described as either distributive or integrative. At the heart of each strategy is a measurement of conflict between each party’s desired outcomes. Consider the following situation. Chris, an entrepreneur, is starting a new business that will occupy most of his free time for the near future.
Welcome to Auditions! You have walked into an uncomfortable situation where you are surrounded by individuals seeking to take the role that you are dying to get. In this part of the production the director will judge on where you will be casted. Either the role of the handsome hero out to save to princess or the character that was slain in the process. To sum it up, the director (the Philgreens and Tina Ostrander) will weed out who can handle a big role or find someone suited for something lesser. Note that every role in a production is important, so even when Mr. Philgreen or Tina ask you to audition for a smaller character, put in the same effort that you would when auditioning for the lead.
The collective bargaining simulation was a good educational experience for me. We were able to apply the concepts we learned throughout the semester to a real life situation. I was assigned the role of Chief Negotiator for the bargaining unit. This role fit me well because I have studied unions prior to this semester and I got to meet with multiple people from different unions last year. This experience helped me get the perspective of the average member and I learned about some of the expectations they have for the union. Members of the union expect their chief negotiator to fight for all of their benefits and never settle for anything that doesn’t benefit the union. I tried my best to get all of the demands we were assigned approved. According to my notes we were able to get most of our demands and we denied the demands of the employer that we didn’t agree with. I enjoyed this role because I was able to stay engage in the activity the whole time. I think it would have been difficult for me to have a different role other than the assistant negotiator, because all of the other positions didn’t have as much responsibility. Being
Negotiation and decision-making offers you a powerful new perspective, a specialized language and a set of tools that you can use to address the most stubborn problems in your everyday life and work. Negotiation and decision-making is a way of understanding reality that emphasizes the relationships among a system's parts, rather than the parts themselves. This is based on a field of study known as system dynamics. Negotiation and decision-making has been defined as an approach to problem solving, by viewing problems as part of an overall system, rather than reacting to specific parts, outcomes or events and potentially contributing to further development of unintended consequences. The rationale behind negotiation and decision-making is critical to an organizational survival. Why is Negotiation and decision-making critical? It can assist you in designing smart and enduring solutions to problems. In its simplest sense, negotiation and decision-making gives you a more accurate picture of reality, so that you can work with a system's natural forces in order to achieve the results you desire. It also encourages you to think about problems and solutions with an eye toward the long view. For example, how might a particular solution you're considering play out over the long run? What unintended consequences might it have? Negotiation and decision-making is founded on some basic universal principles that you will begin to detect in all areas of life once you learn to recognize your emergent issues.