Essay Summary
1) Adult socialization is a time of learning new roles and statuses.
2) Peer Groups are strong socializing agents for adolescents who are still trying to find their own identity.
3) Radio, television, cinema, newspapers, magazines, music, and the Internet are powerful agents of socialization.
4) The state almost shapes our life cycle.
5) School plays a major role in socializing adolescents. It is a place of education where the individual learns to socialize with both authority (teachers) and peers.
6) As parents of school-aged children, adults are confronted by a range of socialization forces from school.
7) As one moves out of adolescence new, tensions and agents of socialization affect the individual’s life namely, work, marriage and parenthood.
Socialization does not end after childhood. It is a life long process. In this essay, we will look at the most important agents of Socialization from adolescence onward. First, We will look at adult Socialization and Re-Socialization. We will also look at some important agents of Socialization such as mass media, school, peer groups, state and more.
Adult Socialization and Re-Socialization
Adult Socialization is a time of learning new roles and statuses. As Tischler cited, adult Socialization is different from primary Socialization. Adults become more aware that they are being socialised. They will actually do advanced education and on-the-job training. Adults also have more control over Socialization and therefore want to learn more or make the best of opportunities.
Re-Socialization as Tischler notes, “involves exposure to ideas or values that in one way or another conflict with what we learned in childhood. An example of Re-Socialization could be coming to university. This new environment has changed many people’s views. Many of the things their parents have taught them are now being re-analyzed. Re-Socialization can bring about changes in religion and political beliefs. For instance, one might convert from being catholic and become enlightened by new age values.
Peer groups
Peer Groups are strong socializing agents for adolescents who are still trying to find their own identity. The adolescent struggles with being a part of a group and being themselves. Peer groups usually consist of people of similar ages and social status.” The dictionary meaning of the word “peer” i...
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... Education and society: a sociology of African education London, Macmillan, pp 54-73
4) Ferrante J 1992 Sociology: a global perspective Belmont, Wadsworth, pp 145-153
5) Tischler H 1996 Introduction to sociology New York, Harcourt, pp 124-127
6) Schaefer RT and RP Lamm 1994 Sociology: a brief introduction New York, McGraw-Hill, pp 69-76
7) Thomas D 1974 Family Socialization and adolescent Canada, Heath, ch 2, pp 21-61
8) Zigler E, Lamb M and Child I 1982 Socialization and personality Development, New York, Oxford University Press
9) White G 1977 Socialization, New York, Longman Inc., pp 56-108
10) Hurrelmann K 1988 Social structure and personality development: The individual as a productive processor of reality, Cambridge, Cambridge university press
Suggestions for revision:
1) Try to define all the terms, which appear in the lecture in bold type.
2) Make sure that you know some of the agents of Socialization.
3) What is meant by Socialization and ReSocialization?
Myers, David G. “Chapter 14: Social Psychology.” Psychology. 10th ed. New York, NY US: Worth
Identification with a peer group is a critical part of growing up because even though there is a mix between valuable and invaluable points, no one wants to be left with nobody to help them figure out how they fit in the world and get pass tough times. Peer pressure can have positive impacts and not so good but the postive are too valuable to overpass, leaning us over to conclude that classifying with a circle of close friends are a key factor when going into the real
A Comparison of Psychodynamic and Social Learning in Regards to the Development of Personality "No Works Cited"
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Schultz, D. P., & Schultz, S. E. (2013). Theories of personality (10th ed.). Belmont, CA: Cengage/Wadsworth.
Socialization is a lifelong process of acquiring one’s personal identity; when we interact within the four agents of socialization—family, school, media, and peer groups—we internalize norms, values, behavior, and social skills. Since our values, norms, and beliefs about society are first learned with family, family is the most important and influential agent of socialization.
Myers, David G. "Chapter 11: Personality." Psychology in Everyday Life. 2nd Ed. New York, NY: Worth, 2009. 292-315. Print.
N Emler, S Renwick, B Malone - Journal of Personality and Social …, 1983 - psycnet.apa.org http://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/index.aspx
The education system and the peer group within the school system are important socialisation agents in an individual’s life. Children from an early age absorb the values, attitudes and beliefs of the society in which they participate (Ashman & Elkins, 2009).
Peer groups are different in characteristic and require a customized approach. Nonetheless, at the heart of youths is an intense energy that yearns to connect and explore the surrounding (Goold 435). This makes it easier for the youth to engage in improper habits that have dire repercussions.
Biological influences combined with societal and social expectations contribute to how well people learn to adapt to their environments (2013). According to Erikson, there are eight stages of development. Within these states, there are different psychological, emotional and cognitive tasks. In order to adjust, individuals must learn to develop these tasks. During adolescence, Erikson states that each person needs to navigate through the development task of ‘‘Identity vs. Identity confusion ’’ (2013). He defined this task by stating that adolescent children must learn to develop a sense of self and establish independence. Prior to this stage of development, a person’s parents largely influence their identity. In this stage the adolescent children begin to explore and develop their identity outside of their parents’ influence (Hill, Bromell, Tyson, & Flint, 2007). Adolescents are generally more egocentric at this stage and have an increased sense of self-consciousness. They also have a strong desire to conform to peer influence and develop concerns regarding their appearance. They develop concern about their level of competence in relation to their peer group as well. As peer influence increases, during this stage, parental influence decreases (Ashford & LeCroy, 2013; Hill et. al, 2007). Conflict generally increases between parent and child at this stage of development (2007).
Roberts BW, Wood D. Personality development in the context of the neo-socioanalytic model of personality. In: Mroczek DK, Little TD, editors. Handbook of personality development. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum; 2006. pp.
Adolescence is the bridge between childhood and adulthood. It is the place in development for a transition. In this time period, adolescent’s social life and relationships develop. Social development occurs throughout a person’s whole lifetime. Social development in adolescence marks the beginning of independence, selective interactions, and conformity. This the time where family relationships can be put to the test as well as seeking independence and adult acknowledgment from parents. Due to the development of the brain in regards to plasticity, adolescences are discovering and trying out new things. They are also viewed as risk takers. Social development in adolescence is important because any decision can lead to future consequences. I decided
Socialization is the process of passing down norms, customs, and ideologies that are important to the society by the previous generations to the younger generations. The school system is a social agency that was created to enhance the processes of socialization through education. The importance of school as an agent of socialization can be best explained by the amount of time students spend in school and in activities happen around school. The manifest functions of school are to educate students the social norms, and the knowledge and skills that help them become economically productive in order to benefit the society. But students not only learn from the academic curriculum but they also benefit from socialize with their teachers and peers.