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Modern liberalism vs modern conservatism
Compare and contrast liberalism and conservatism
Modern liberalism vs conservatism
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Social philosophy concentrates on social behavior and social issues. As Scott Hughes mentions in “Social Philosophy,” individualism, social interaction, motives for behavior, society as a whole, and many other social sciences make up the entity of social philosophy. Social philosophy also correlates to other philosophical domains such as epistemology, metaphysics, morality, and political philosophy. The analysis of human behavior concentrates on elements that influence social philosophy such as the study of cognitive skills, psychology, and sociology. Social philosophy can relate to motives of one's decision making or how certain situations can make one react a certain way; it directly relates to a person's everyday life. In addition, social …show more content…
However, as Hughes mentions, social philosophy deals with more subtle forms of social interaction, authority, and conflict. To state it differently, it is legal power versus social power. For example, the influence of a governor, who has legal power, is different from that of a popular high-school student, who has social power (Hughes). Though the power of the governor and the power of the popular high-school student are on different sides of the spectrum, they affect the people around them in many ways. On the other hand, political the question, "What is the best way to live?" Political philosophy begins in ethics; Alexander Moseley’s “Political Philosophy” states that ethics relates to political philosophy in that it theorizes on the nature of reality. Furthermore, the relation between ethics and political philosophy depicts how one interacts with others. Three major concerns in political philosophy are methodological groups, rationalism, and schools of …show more content…
Today, the division revolves around the rights of the individual versus the rights of the groups. There are five schools of thought: liberalism, conservatism, socialism, anarchism, and environmentalism. Liberalism consists of two positions – classical liberalism, which is pro-individualist, and modern liberalism, which is pro-statist. Classical liberals argue that people are not born equal, and making people equal is impossible (Moseley). For example, not everyone is born with the talent to sing or the talent to act. Modern liberals think oppositely of this notion. The next school of thought – conservatism – is full of skepticism toward man's desire for power, the state, and large scale planning (Moseley). Central ownership and market socialism make up the school of thought of socialism. In central ownership, socialists demand radical redistribution of resources, particularly to the poor and to the state (Moseley). In market socialism, socialists accept a market system, but demand that the state manage certain resources (Moseley). Anarchy is a system with no authoritarian structure. Anarchists believe in universal egalitarianism; each person's values are morally and politically equal (Moseley). Finally, environmentalism concerns itself with the rights of the planet and species not including humans. In other words, humans are of secondary importance
INTRODUCTION The book aims at introducing political philosophy. To achieve this, the author Stephen Nathanson has focused on a particular issue that is relevant to everyone. He discusses the problem of developing a personal outlook toward government and political life. Instead of attempting to survey the entire field of political philosophy, or discussing in brief a large number of classical or contemporary authors, the writer focuses on one question, what’s our thought or feeling about government institutions?
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Larry Johnston (2008) Politics: An Introduction to the Modern Democratic State, Third Edition, Chapters 2, 3, 7, 8 and 9.
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Political Philosophy is typically a study of a wide range of topics such as, justice, liberty, equality, rights, law, politics and the application of a codified law. Depending on what the philosophy is, it usually tends to be a very sensitive and a personal ideology that an individual holds within the reality of their existence. Several of the fundamental topics of political philosophy shape up the society that we live in as these specific topics and their implementation by the state ensures a legitimate government. In Political Philosophy, the aforesaid concepts or topics are evaluated and analyzed with tremendous depth in context to their history and intent. Furthermore, in a rather colloquial sense, political philosophy is generally a point of view which after some deep thinking asks questions such as, what are the government’s duties? Is it legitimate? What makes it legitimate? What are the duties of its citizens? What are their rights? Are they protected? So on and so forth. In the following paper, I will canvass my political philosophy and elaborate on my reasoning behind it.
Anthropocentrism is the school of thought that human beings are the single most significant entity in the universe. As a result, the philosophies of those with this belief reflect the prioritization of human objectives over the well-being of one’s environment. However, this is not to say that anthropocentric views neglect to recognize the importance of preserving the Earth. In fact, it is often in the best interests of humans to make concerted efforts towards sustaining the environment. Even from a purely anthropocentric point of view, there are three main reasons why mankind has a moral duty to protect the natural world.