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Emergence of delirium as major concern in icu
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Recommended: Emergence of delirium as major concern in icu
Sleep deprivation is one risk factor for ICU delirium. Sleep deprivation is common for patients in the ICU. The average length of sleep for a patient in the ICU is only 2 hours a day. The sleep quality of patients in the ICU is less than 6% REM. Invasive ventilation along with drugs both disrupt sleep. There is a lack of daylight for most patients in the ICU. The lack of daylight disrupts circadian rhythm and contributes to delirium for critically ill patients. In addition, melatonin production is decreased. According to a study in the journal of Best Practice & Research, Clinical Anesthesiology, plasma melatonin levels were looked at. The patients without postoperative delirium had normal levels. The patients who developed delirium had plasma
Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) has become a genuine phenomenon and can be problematic for the patient and the staff caring for them. Delirium occurs when a patient is placed in an unfamiliar environment and has to endure the stress of not just the hospitalization but the stimuli of the environment, which can cause disturbances in consciousness. Patients can become confused, anxious, and agitated; making this difficult for the staff to correctly diagnosis and care for them. Sleep deprivation and environmental factors along with neurotransmitters are strongly related to the occurrence of ICU delirium. ICU staff needs to become more educated on prevention, detection, and proper treatment for the patient experiencing this condition.
Sleep deprivation in hospitalized patients can result in increased morbidity and mortality, and can lower their quality of life. Hospitalized patients require more than the average amount of sleep to aid in recovery, but often get an inadequate amount of sleep or experience poor quality sleep. There are increased frequencies of awakening or being awakened too early in the morning, difficulty falling asleep, an increased need for sleep medications, poor sleep quality, an increase in frequency of napping and nightmares. Sleep-wake cycles contribute to adequate protein synthesis and cellular division that is crucial to sustaining the healing process and maintaining immunity. Sleep deprivation changes normal circadian cycles, resu...
Sleep deprivation is a common condition that occurs if you don’t get enough sleep. In case of sleep deprivation people have trouble falling and staying asleep for a long period of time. In order to understand how serious sleep deprivation can be, one must need to know causes and consequences of sleep deprivation, how much sleep do we need? What does sleep do for us? And how we can cure sleep deprivation.
Prevention of ICU psychosis should occur as soon as the patient has been in the ICU for a few hours. Review visiting policies for the facilities, provide great periods of sleep, by reducing the disturbing and noise levels in the patient room, also try to minimize shift change in nursing staff caring for the patient, assess the patient alertness for the place, date and time on every shift(Welker, M. MSN, 2016). ICU psychosis can be increase by health care professional awareness of early clinical signs of delirium during patients assessment(Arend, E., Christensen, M. 2009). ICU psychosis is affecting the majority of the patient admitted to the ICU. Evidence base shows that the ICU environment is contributed to it’s development. Delirium is increased with morbidity and mortality as well as increased with length of stay in the intensive care unit(Arend, E., Christensen,
Delirium is a sudden, fluctuating, and usually reversible disturbance of mental function (Fan, Guo, Li, & Zhu, 2012). Delirium has been identified in several hospital settings, however occurs more frequently in an Intensive Care setting. Risk factors are not limited to a certain age, race, or gender. There are several long and short term adverse effects associated with Delirium, and may even leave the patient in a decreased mental state after discharge. It is important to use the proper assessment tools to identify delirium in patients. More so, it is imperative that the medical and nursing staff be aware of all risk factors, signs and symptoms, and interventions to minimize and properly treat delirium in the ICU setting.
The public health problem that I am addressing is the lack of sleep. The target population will be adolescents and college students in America. Sleep is important to health because the timing, quality, and duration are essential. Sleep plays a big role in good health and well-being throughout your life. How you feel when you are awake comes from how well you slept at night. Sleep has a direct correlation with metabolic regulation, emotional regulation, performance, memory consolidation, learning, and brain recuperation process. Because of these factors it should be viewed as just as important
Wilson, J.F. (2005). Is sleep the new vital sign? Annals of Internal Medicine, 142 (10), 877-880.
The authors and scientists from a different study by the U.S National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health on long and short-term sleep deprivation state directly that “in certain jobs, people face sleep restriction. Some professions such as health care… require working at night. In such fields, the effect of acute total sleep deprivation (SD) on performance is crucial” (Alhola & Polo-Kantola, Sleep deprivation: Impact on cognitive performance). Depending on their schedule, nurses can often be susceptible to sleep deprivation and are no exception, especially if they are working long hours. The study performed research on how acute and chronic sleep deprivation can affect the brain and how it can slow down or worsen thought process and rationality throughout the day for working adults. The authors also explain that “motor function, rhythm, receptive and expressive speech, and memory ...deteriorated after one night of SD.” (Alhola and Polo-Kantola, Sleep deprivation: Impact on cognitive performance) Although everybody is affected by a lack of sleep differently, some might have the ability to handle it a lot better than others, but it is fair to say that no one can perform their jobs perfectly if their brains are being affected by sleep deprivation. This organization concludes this study by explaining that there is still much research that needs to be
There are still many barriers interfering with sleep in the hospital, as the disruption of sleep is common through frequent monitoring and procedures, noise, lighting, and anxiety about being in the hospital (Robinson et al., 2005). Another barrier is the critical care environment, which has more invasive monitoring and tests and noise from monitors and ventilators (Eliassen & Hopstock, 2011).
In the world of higher education, students at the collegiate level are highly likely to be overwhelmed with course load, in addition to sports and extra-curricular activities (Jacobs & Dodd, 2003). These factors have the potential to lead to various amounts of sleep deprivation, and as the research of Nilsson, Sunderstrom, Karlsson et al. (2004) has shown, sleep deprivation is correlated with higher levels of fatigue, impairments in speed and accuracy as well as limitations in cognitive and physical performances. One way to cope with this fatigue that has shown to have very positive results on people of all ages is taking naps. In addition to reducing sleepiness, Milner & Cote (2008) have determined that “napping may lead to considerable benefits in terms of mood, alertness and cognitive performances”. It is these benefits that nappers seek when engaging in napping activities.
Important public policy issues have arisen in our modern 24-hour society, where it is crucial to weigh the value of sleep versus wakefulness. Scientific knowledge about sleep is currently insufficient to resolve the political and academic debates raging about how much and when people should sleep. These issues affect almost everybody, from the shift worker to the international traveler, from the physician to the policy maker, from the anthropologist to the student preparing for an exam.
Sleep disorders are an underestimated public health concern considering that fifty to seventy million Americans are affected. Technological advances in the field of sleep have facilitated various theories to explain the need for and the purpose of sleep. Scientist have uncovered many types of sleep disorders such as insomnia, sleep apnea, and narcolepsy. Sleep disorders affect men ,women, children, the elderly, and the obese in different ways. Factors such as the number of children and the effects of menopause have been studied to determine their effects on sleep. Various treatments have been utilized ranging from non-pharmacologic to pharmacologic methods. Scientist have pinpointed areas of the brain that are involved in sleep deprivation and hormones that ultimately affect sleep.
I assessed that the use of sleep deprivation is not a useful interrogation tool with regards to intelligence gathering. Sleep deprivation should not be used as an interrogation technique due to the fact that torture as an interrogation technique leads to false confessions and sleep deprivation specifically can lead to memory loss and confusion, also leading to false confessions whether or not the subject realizes it. There is also the ethical debate regarding torture being used at all as an interrogation technique during the “Global War on Terrorism”, and the limitation of constitutional rights of those subjects.
A sleep deprived doctor can be unfocused and could easily not know what they’re doing with a patient. If this happens, it could leave a patient still injured and unhealthy or unsupervised. In the past, patients have died from lack of supervision and care. As CBS News observed, “The 1984 death of an 18-year-old college student in a New York hospital while under the care of medical residents working long hours put a national spotlight on the issue. ”(CBS2)
Sleep is a very important factor in the human function. Our body and brain is able to reset itself and rejuvenate while we sleep. When we do not get the required amount of sleep, we start to feel lethargic and foggy minded, because our mind and body wasn’t able to replenish itself. Sleep is imperative that an insignificant rest deficiency or lack of sleep can affect our ability to remember things; decisions and can affect our temperament. Chronic sleep deficiency can get the body to feel agitated and it could lead to serious health problems such as, heart problems, stress, acne, and obesity.