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Simone De Beauvoir - Dishonest or inauthentic orientations towards human freedom.
The adventurer
Beauvoir says that everyone is free, but how one approaches their freedom is often irrational and/or paradoxical. Few men are ‘truly’ free and can firmly grasp reality, glorifying themselves as well as others. Beauvoir offers five types of men who are dishonest about their perception of their freedom. These men develop what Beauvoir calls bad faith. The sub-man, serious man, the nihilist, the adventurer, and the passionate man. These types of men are all around us and are often portrayed in movies. This analysis will evaluate the adventurer’s attitude. We shall see under what circumstances a young adventurer declares himself free and explore how he manages his new insight. While Beauvoir claims this man is close to morality, the adventurer is pretentious and ultimately turns into his tyrannical enemy.
A man first transitions into becoming the adventurer by abandoning all values he had previously been operating with. “What’s the point?” Says the young adventurer “this is stupid!” In this way he is similar to the nihilist. This man reaches the epiphany that the point is whatever he says it is. He is in control. He becomes aware of his freedom and is mesmerized by his breakthrough. This man is sick of being pushed around by society and annoyed with being forced into religious ties. He realizes that only he controls his destiny. He decides to establish himself.
If this man wants to eat a cookie before dinner, he will eat the cookie simply because he chooses to. The cookie is irrelevant. He begins to form new values with his choice as the guiding force. No more blindly obeying codes previously laid down in the past, this man has see...
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...ernment. Now he is trying to control the people to give himself pleasure.
To climb out of the hole the adventurer dug himself, he must admit he is not truly free nor has he achieved morality. He must recognize the reality of the shared world he lives in. Otherwise he will find his end as a tyrant. Only by recognizing human beings as ends in themselves can he accomplish true freedom. He must transition out of this adventurer character he has created.
Beauvoir’s entertains the notion of freedom throughout the Ethics of Ambiguity. Beauvoir does not offer the ultimate truths of how one should live their life, she offers ways to evaluate human-beings and/or human-becomings. She offers the aforesaid criteria as a means to be aware of self-conscious freedom. I can only bring about freedom if I recognize the reality of my peers. According to Beauvoir, this is morality.
The late 1960’s famously introduced the idea of the “anti-hero”, which is defined as an individual with heroic qualities who is not in the position of an archetypal hero. One such example is the movie Cool Hand Luke, from 1967 starring Paul Newman. The movie surrounds a prisoner named Luke Jackson who refuses to comply or conform to the norms of the prison. The powerful Captain and the mysterious prison guard, whose silver reflecting sunglasses was the inspiration for one of the main prison guards in the popular Stanford prison experiment, tested his acts of defiance. This paper discusses the movie Cool Hand Luke and how the prisoners, Luke and the themes in the film relate to the Social Psychology 1ZO3 course focuses of conformity, non-conformity, and obedience to authority.
When individuals face obstacles in life, there is often two ways to respond to those hardships: some people choose to escape from the reality and live in an illusive world. Others choose to fight against the adversities and find a solution to solve the problems. These two ways may lead the individuals to a whole new perception. Those people who decide to escape may find themselves trapped into a worse or even disastrous situation and eventually lose all of their perceptions and hops to the world, and those who choose to fight against the obstacles may find themselves a good solution to the tragic world and turn their hopelessness into hopes. Margaret Laurence in her short story Horses of the Night discusses the idea of how individual’s responses
As Madeleine L’Engle aptly said, “because to take away a man's freedom of choice, even his freedom to make the wrong choice, is to manipulate him as though he were a puppet and not a person,” taking away freedom of choice is equivalent to stripping off humanity. Mankind has evolved to have the ability to use the mind for reason and understanding, which separates humans from beasts and machines. It is this ability that allows man to analyze and formulate different choices, and have the freedom over them. Despite the knowledge that freedom of choice is fundamental in making humans human, social control has always been one of the leading reasons to justify the removal of that freedom. Through showing the need for the loss of freedom for social stability and the resulting problems, both The Unincorporated Man and A Clockwork Orange highlight the conflict between control and freedom.
Regularly in life, it is important to perform at your best, and in other occasions, duties seem too much for some. Both, the narrator of the Yellow wallpaper, and Dave, protagonist of “The Man Who Was Almost a Man”, have to comply with duties that deal with submission to authority, and high expectations from society. Furthermore, In order to deal with their frustrations, the protagonists find symbols that lead to freedom, and use them to acquire their desires. For instance, the narrator of the “Yellow Wallpaper” canalizes her frustrations through the wallpaper that covered the room where she had to be secluded, due to a hysterical condition caused by her duties in the society she lived in. Furthermore, Dave thought that he could find freedom through the power of a gun. Due to their longings for freedom and respect, the
Throughout history, western philosophers have vigorously attempted to define the word freedom, to little avail. This is because the word carries so many meanings in many different contexts. The consequences of these philosophers’ claims are immense: as “free” people, we like to rely on the notion of freedom, yet our judicial system relentlessly fights to explain what we can and cannot do. For instance, is screaming “bomb!” on an airplane considered one of our “freedoms?” Martin Luther, in his “Preface to the Epistle of St. Paul to the Romans” asserts that people are free when their actions naturally reflect laws and morality to the point that those laws are considered unnecessary. Immanuel Kant, in his “An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?”, articulates a similar view: freedom for Kant is the ability to exercise one’s reasoning without limitation in a public sphere. A deeper reading of these two texts exposes that Kant’s and Luther’s interpretations of freedom are actually more similar than different. Indeed, they are mutually exclusive: one cannot coexist with the other and Kant’s views can even be read as a restating of Luther’s understandings.
According to the Collins Dictionary, “freedom” is defined as “the state of being allowed to do what you want to do”(“freedom”). The definition of freedom is simple, but make yourself free is not easy. Concerning about some common cases which will take away your freedom, such as a time-cost high education attainment. In this essay, I shall persuade that everyone should try his or her best to insist on pursuing freedom. For the individual, it appears that only if you have your personal freedom, can you have a dream; for a country, it seems that only if the country is free, can the country develop; for mankind, it looks like that only if people has their own pursuit of freedom, can their thoughts evolve.
De Beauvoir, Simone. The Ethics of Ambiguity. Trans. Frechtman Bernard. New York: Kensington Pub., 1976. Print.
Jean-Paul Sartre claims that there can be no human nature, or essence, without a God to conceive of it. This claim leads Sartre to formulate the idea of radical freedom, which is the idea that man exists before he can be defined by any concept and is afterwards solely defined by his choices. Sartre presupposes this radical freedom as a fact but fails to address what is necessary to possess the type of freedom which would allow man to define himself. If it can be established that this freedom and the ability to make choices is contingent upon something else, then freedom cannot be the starting point from which man defines himself. This leaves open the possibility of an essence that is not necessarily dependent upon a God to conceive it. Several inconsistencies in Sartre’s philosophy undermine the plausibility of his concept of human nature. The type of freedom essential for the ability to define oneself is in fact contingent upon something else. It is contingent upon community, and the capacity for empathy, autonomy, rationality, and responsibility.
Some of us can be slaves to society, but still there are some others that will see beyond it to reach for what they want. People will do anything to fulfill their dreams. They will travel great distances or change their whole lifestyles to succeed. But not everyone prevails. In the end, it's the people that guide themselves and are not controlled by others. The best days may be the first to flee, but dreams live on forever (174).
entrapped in a world of evil that is not of his own creation. He must oppose
Freedom, a seven lettered word that varies in meaning for every individual. Freedom is the basis of human rights, without the freedom to do as one please, one feels confine. This confinement leads to many interesting tales of human curiosity expanding and exploring, such as Leonardo DiCaprio fascination with corpses or the escaping of where freedom is not a necessity such as North Korea. There are many aspects to freedom, it is reflected in actions, decisions and thought. In existentialism, one’s philosophical approach is that one is free and is the deciding factor of everything that they choose in their life. In existentialism since one has ultimate freedom in everything, without any authority deciding for them, this vast array of thought that can come for anyone from anywhere creates hell for others, because one is unable to control others.
Your actions become your habits. Your habits become your values. Your values become your destiny”.
In this paper, I will argue that we have free will for our actions and our moral responsibilities. Free will is a big part in life. We have free will, but there are times where there is no free will. In the world we live in today, we really don’t always have free will.
We can define freedom in a positive or a negative manner. The former would be related to self-realization and being free from internal obstacles, while the latter definition concentrates on being free from external constraints, that is no one interfere with our freedom, at least not arbitrarily, since we need some rules to live in a society. In this essay, I will assume a negative concept. Philosophic value may be split into two types of value. Non-independent value, which is specific instrumental value. If something has non-independent value, it is valuable in re...
Nelson Mandela once said, “For to be free is not merely to cast off one 's chains, but to live in a way that respects and enhances the freedom of others.” (“Biography of Nelson Mandela” 3) In life, people can either have a physical definition of freedom or a psychological and emotional definition of freedom. There are two types of physical freedoms, pleasurable freedom, such as having a car or lots of money and a serious freedom, such as when a person gets released from jail. However, psychological freedom is having positive emotions, a clear conscience, and self-confidence. There are many different types of psychological freedom, but these three seem very important.