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Relationship between Gilgamesh and Enkidu in the epic
Gilgamesh and enkidu compare and contrast
The relationship between Gilgamesh and Enkidu
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Gilgamesh and Enkidu both are on a quest for a better sense of self, as illustrated in The Epic of Gilgamesh. Both, however, must give up an aspect of their identity that is vital to who they are. For Gilgamesh, his attitude towards other people is the most important change that he experiences. For Enkidu, his entrance into the wilderness is his most life-shaking change. Both heroes of the story must go through radical change in order to gain a higher sense of freedom, both loosing an important part of their identities.
Gilgamesh possesses a vital piece of his identity in his cocky, holier-than-thou, royal disposition. This mindset would have easily caused his downfall as king had he not received liberation from this attitude through his journey. Gilgamesh would have continued to be a terrible king who slept with others wives and challenged every suitable man had he not had the experience of going on his journey. Through his two journeys, one with Enkidu and one without, he learns to care about others, that he is only a mortal man, to show restraint, and to
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After the two first meet, Enkidu first says that he is not fond of the idea of hunting Humbaba, but then later on is persuaded by Gilgamesh when he asks, “Why, my friend, do you speak like a weakling?” (II, 232, p. 19). Enkidu chooses to rise to Gilgamesh’s bait and does not stand up for his values. He moves even more away from his values when he and Gilgamesh have captured Humbaba and Enkidu expresses, “Smite him again, slay his servant alongside him!” (V, 18, p. 45). Enkidu has made a complete revolution from his original ways and is supporting the death to another wild creature. Although Enkidu has gained freedom in his companionship with Gilgamesh, he has hurt his good and true values in the
At some point in every one’s life they go on a journey, whether it be a journey that circumferences the entire world or a journey of solely self-exploration. Either way a crucial part of life is going on a journey and finding out the type of person you are. Journeys are important for people because journeymen almost never end their journey the same way they started them. This is true for both Gilgamesh in The Epic of Gilgamesh and Candide in Candide. Both characters went on grand, strenuous and extensive journeys and both of them found out more about the world but more importantly more about themselves.
The main factor contributing to the changes in Gilgamesh the love that develops with Enkidu. Enkidu is made to make Gilgamesh more human. In the first paragraph of the book the gods are angry with Gilgamesh and send down an equal of himself, they send down Enkidu. After becoming friends, Gilgamesh changes because he has an equal to be with.
Enkidu, who is a mixture of human and wild animal, creates a journey for readers and touches on the essential question of what it means to be human, as well as the transition from being uncivilized to becoming civil. “While Enkidu was seated before her…Enkidu forgot about the steppe where he was born.” (The Epic of Gilgamesh 45) Gilgamesh sends the harlot Shamhat to Enkidu in order to civilize him and to coax him into becoming a companion for Gilgamesh himself. Shamhat then goes to sleep with Enkidu for six days and seven nights and persuades him into becoming similar to a god, or in this case, humanized. Eventually, Shamhat treats Enkidu to eat bread, “the staff of life,” and to drink beer, “the custom of the land,” causing Enkidu to become
Gilgamesh was a very self confident and at times that self confidence led to him to have little compassion for the people of Uruk at he beginning of the story. He was their king, but not their protector; he kills their sons and rapes their daughters. He felt like he was superior to others due to the fact that he was two-thirds god, his mother was a goddess Ninsun and one third human. This fact is the key to all of his actions. This is also what sets him apart from the hero Odysseus.
The first part of the hero’s journey is the call to adventure. This is the voyage that the hero is asked to go on in order to accomplish greater good for human kind. This is the hero’s chance to help his or her community, family or friends by embarking on a long journey and challenging his, or herself. Gilgamesh does not go on a journey to help others, he goes to make himself look better. “ I have not established my name stamped on bricks as my destiny decreed, therefore I will go to the country where the cedar is felled” (page 70). This passage shows that the only reason that Gilgamesh wants to go on a journey is for fame and popularity.
The epic begins with the men of Uruk describing Gilgamesh as an overly aggressive ruler. "'Gilgamesh leaves no son to his father; day and night his outrageousness continues unrestrained; And he is the shepherd of Uruk, the enclosure; He is their shepherd, and yet he oppresses them. Strong, handsome, and wise. . . Gilgamesh leaves no virgin to her lover.'"(p.18, Line 23-27) The citizens respect him, but they resent his sexual and physical aggression, so they plead to the gods to alleviate some of their burden. The gods resolve to create an equal for Gilgamesh to tame him and keep him in line. This equal, Enkidu, has an immediate impact on Gilgamesh. When they first meet, both having never before met a man equal in stature, they brawl. "They grappled with each other, Snorting like bulls; They shattered the doorpost, that the wall shook."(p.32, lines 15-18) In giving Gilgamesh a real battle, Enkidu instantly changes him; having this equal gives Gilgamesh a sense of respect for another man. These two men fighting each other creates a serious mess, but they both end up without animosity toward the other.
He takes on the aspects of outward uncivility that matches his inside. Since Gilgamesh is not civilized, he doesn’t function as well in or outside of society. When he’s looking for immortality, he relies on his strength and his uncivilized nature rather than allowing civilization to lead him to immortality. If he had allowed himself to listen to the gods who were trying to help him, the perhaps he would have achieved immortality rather than “hindering his own progress by smashing the Stone Ones” (George, 75) who were planning on helping him. Some would argue that Gilgamesh’s civility does, however, grow immensely through the epic. Since he starts off as a king and is able to do anything he wishes due to not having anyone trying to usurp him. Even when Enkidu comes into the story to stop Gilgamesh, he never succeeds. Instead they join forces, yet Gilgamesh does not gain civility and instead stays incredibly savage and fights together with Enkidu, battling demons like Humbaba and killing him for glory. It’s not till Enkidu dies and Gilgamesh realizes that he can in fact be affected by death and the gods despite being two thirds god himself. There’s no real evidence that Gilgamesh truly change. While the epic ends with Gilgamesh wearing his royal robes “fitting his dignity” (George, 97) and eventually accepting that not only will he not be granted
The second significant change in Gilgamesh was caused by the loss of his brotherly companion, Enkidu. Gilgamesh couln't bear the loss of a love so powerful. Despite his astonishing power and leadership, something in his life was missing. Moreover, he wept for seven days and nights, thinking his friend would come back because of his weeping. It is in this stage of the epic that one can see the truly sympathetic and compassionate side of Gilgamesh. The grief in his heart had far surpassed the magnificent pride that he had previously displayed so boldly. Enkidu's death left Gilgamesh frightened and confused. However, the despair in his heart was so great that he could not rest; would he ever be at peace? Thus, he became terrified of his own death.
In the epic of Gilgamesh, there are many complex characters. Every character involved in the story has their own personality and traits.
Gilgamesh is an example of someone who had many flaws and faced many struggles but, in the end, changed his attitude and became a better person. In the beginning of Gilgamesh, he is described as doing whatever he wants and being juvenile in a way. For example, in the text it says, “he was their shepherd, yet powerful, superb, knowledgeable and expert, Gilgamesh would not leave young girls alone, the daughters of warriors, the brides of young men.” With his second half, Enkidu, they entered into the first step in becoming a hero according to Campbell, the separation, by going on an adventure. At this point in the story, Gilgamesh is very arrogant. While traveling to Cedar Forest, Gilgamesh tells Enkidu, “let me go in front of you, and your voice call out: ‘Go close, don’t be afraid!’ If I should fall, I should have won fame. People will say, Gilgamesh grappled in combat with ferocious Humbaba… ensure fame that will last forever.” Next is stage two, the initiation, of the Campbell’s hero journey. Gilgamesh undergoes a trail to begin his transformation, he must fight the Bull of Heaven. Gilgamesh’s supportive side is starting to show when he tells Enkidu that they will win if they fight together. After killing the Bull of Heaven, Gilgamesh’s confident attitude is shown once again. The next trial he faces is the death of Enkidu. He starts to show emotion when he says, “for you Enkidu, I, like your mother, your father, will weep on your plains… I will lay you to rest on a bed of loving care… and I myself will neglect my appearance after your death.” At this point his character has been greedy and then he showed his fear and supportive side. The last stage in the hero’s journey is the return. Enkidu’s death sent Gilgamesh on an adventure to fight death. From this adventure he learned his biggest lesson from Utnapishtim. He learns to appreciate life, and
Gilgamesh, feeling the fear of his own mortality, sets out on a journey to search for a way to preserve himself. Although the journey that he endures is much larger than life, Gilgamesh comes to realize that he can never achieve immortality. Before the creation of Enkidu, Gilgamesh is a man without an equal match. He is an individual with overwhelming power, and it is because of this that makes Gilgamesh a very arrogant person.
In tablet VI, Enkidu and Gilgamesh kill the Bull of Heaven as everyone is parading and then Ishtar says, “That bully Gilgamesh who demeaned me, he’s killed the Bull of Heaven! When Enkidu heard what Ishtar said, he tore off the bull’s haunch and flung it at her: If I could vanquish you I’d turn you to this, I’d drape te guts beside you”(151-155). This is one way in which comradship plays out between these two characters. Enkidu hears Ishtar cursing Gilgamesh and as a friend he hulls the bulls thighs at her as a form of “shut up”. Enkidu and Gilgamesh fought together to kill the Bull of Heaven like comrads do. This is supported by their actions. Gilgamesh also tells Enkidu in tablet VI, “I will circle behind the Bull of Heaven, I will grab it by the tuft of its tail,..Then you, like a strong, skillful
In the epic of Gilgamesh the friendship between Gilgamesh and Enkidu is very complex and necessary. Their friendship brings animal, human, and god together. Gilgamesh is changed by his friendship with Enkidu. He becomes a better person and a better ruler because of Enkidu. Enkidu’s life is enriched because of his friendship with Gilgamesh. Enkidu was created to balance out Gilgamesh, and he accomplishes this goal. The two men are very close, and love each other deeply. Both Gilgamesh and Enkidu benefit from their friendship.
Everyone has qualities that are heroic and noble, and everyone has their flaws. No matter who they are, or how perfect others think they are, people still have some negative qualities that can hurt their heroic ones. In the book, The Epic of Gilgamesh, by Benjamin Foster, both Gilgamesh and Enkidu had positive and negative characteristics that affected the outcome of their journey and their adventures they experienced throughout their lives.
The Epic of Gilgamesh is a moving tale of the friendship between Gilgamesh, the demigod king of Uruk, and the wild man Enkidu. Accepting ones own mortality is the overarching theme of the epic as Gilgamesh and Enkidu find their highest purpose in the pursuit of eternal life.