Sexual Violence versus Sexual Crimes: Typologies and Theoretical Framework. Mackenzie Graf, Department of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, Arizona State University, CRJ 532: Sex Crimes. Joshua Adams, Ph.D., CFE. September 2, 2024. Sexual Violence versus Sexual Crimes: Typologies and Theoretical Framework Abstract Typologies are designed as an attempt to categorize criminals in a way of understanding motives, recidivism rates, and risk factors that lead to the decision on how treatment and/ or punishment will proceed. Motives can range from anything from a sexual desire to solely needing a release by causing pain to the victim. On the other hand, the chances of recidivism are more difficult to place in each category and …show more content…
The importance of this section is to understand that not all sexual crimes are violent and the determination between the two is essential for outlining and developing typologies. Sexual Violence Typologies Sexual violence must include an unwanted sexual act or comment. Because of this distinction, there are no specific crimes that would involve a non-consensual violent act that would not also be considered a criminal act. Even when considering stalking or harassment, in most states, Texas included, if there is even a threat of violence, a crime can be charged against the offender. However, when considering sexual violence, or sexual deviance, in terms of consensual sexual violence between two individuals would allow this instance to not be considered a crime. The reason the term sexual violence will not be continued in this section is that the term itself requires a sense of a true, unconsenting party. There are many different types of sexual deviant behaviors that stray from what is considered acceptable to most people, but in reality this type of behavior can be caused by many different factors and be completely normal to those involved. The discussion of normality within sexual …show more content…
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instances of sexual deviance have been occurring around the world. With the advancement of research methodologies and technology, society has increasingly prioritized the identification and apprehension of sexual predators. Consequently, sexual violence and sexual crimes have become a focal point of interest for students, educators, and scholars alike. Crucial to safeguarding communities, studying and analyzing sexual violence, the offenders, and the creation of offender typologies have become essential
Based on the definitions of sexual crimes and sexual violence mentioned above, there could be typologies that are considered violent but do not reach the criminal level. However, none of the typologies for child molesters, rapists, juvenile sex offenders, female sex offenders, or cybersex offenders fall under this classification. All of these typologies engage in sexual crimes as defined above, and many of them are violent. Since they meet the definition of sexual crime, they can not be considered
Module 2 Paper: Violence and Crime Sydney Ellzey CRJ 532: Sexual Crimes Dr. Joshua Adams March 31st, 2024. Sexual violence and sexual crimes are very serious matters that need to be addressed and penalized. There are factors that constitute what sexually violent crimes are, as well as what sexual crimes are. Sexual crimes have the capability to be sexually violent, but not all sexual crimes are deemed violent. With sex crimes, they tend to be non-contact type crimes, for example, cyber sex crimes
Holmes and Holmes developed this typology based on various characteristics of the crime scenes and the victims themselves of 110 interviews of selected offenders and serial murders (Canter & Wentink, 2004). David Canter and Natalia Wentink conducted an empirical test of this typology and developed several criticisms to their work. Their empirical test concluded that the features described for each category tend to co-occur within each other. For example, the characteristics of a lust killer include
research surrounding female criminality is the reality that research on female criminality is severely lacking in comparison to the volumes of research dedicated to male criminality. Whether researching theft, assaults, sex offenses, and even domestic violence; the research overwhelmingly focuses on male perpetrators and leaves women out of the research almost entirely. Society, it would appear, seems to believe women incapable of being aggressors or perpetrators to such a filthy thing as criminal activity
counterparts. For example female sex offenders are more likely to have previous sexual victimization, they are less likely to have drug or alcohol abuse, and are more likely to have both male and female victims (Johansson-Love & Fremouw, 2009). Due to the lack of research there are shortcomings between male and female typologies and a critical analysis of the gender differences of the typologies can give insight
of serial killers can be seen through the Deitz typology which is the earliest, main typology used in the research world. In the article Serial killers: I. Subtypes, patterns, and motives and Serial killers: II. Development, dynamics, and forensics by Laurence Miller explains this typology. The Deitz typology is split into five categories, and uses the organized/disorganized killing type to differentiate between the categories. Psychopathic sexual sadists kill for the pleasure of torturing or inflicting
Sexual assault is defined as a type of behaviour that occurs without explicit consent from the recipient and under sexual assault come various categories such as sexual activities as forces sexual intercourse, incest, fondling, attempted rape and more (Justice.gov. 2017). People often become victims of sexual assault by someone they know and trust (Mason & Lodrick, 2013) which is conflicting to the public’s perception and beliefs that offenders are strangers. Women are the main victims for sexual
In this essay I will be discussing the limits of typologies of rapists as well as analysing their motivations. There is no power of crime and violence as fraught with misunderstanding and fault as that of sexual violence. Perhaps the largest sign of the degree to which sexual violence is viewed through many veils of myth is the following inconsistency in violent crimes, as measured by sentencing guidelines, rape ranks only second to homicide, and in some cases it ranks even higher. Rape as legally
2.3. WORKPLACE VIOLENCE TYPOLOGIES Bowie (as cited in Davis and Snyman, 2005) notes that the typology of workplace violence that is generally accepted in current legal, occupational health and safety, criminology and security circles is one that is based on the relationship of the perpetrator to the workplace. The Californian Occupational Safety and Health Administration (Cal/OSHA) developed a workplace typology. In this typology, workplace violence events are classified into five types, namely Type
Violence against people and property is committed everyday on the streets of our cities and in peoples very own homes. This violence is committed by loved ones, friends and strangers. You can turn on the news and see murder, assault, sexual assault and robberies and these horrific acts are done for so many different reasons, such as, jealousy, revenge, religious reasons and even for money but sometimes they are done out of reasons no one can put a name to it. Why do these crimes get committed? Perhaps
‘undesirable’. He may judge prostitutes, homosexuals, or even Catholics to be unworthy and hence deserving to die. He is not psychotic and is geographically stable. The hedonistic serial killer may be classified into two groups: the lust killer, who seeks sexual gratification, and the thrill killer, who is in it for the excitement and pleasure. Finally, the power control killer is obsessed with control. He derives pleasure when he controls the entire future of his victims; their
of murderers. The number of serial killers in the U.S. is staggering. Differences are clear between serial killing and conventional murders. Serial killing can be classified as either motive based or organizational and social based. The Holmes Typology helps to understand the motivations behind serial killing. Serial killers may be even motivated by fame as part of their motivation for killing. John Wayne Gacy could be seen as evil due to his repeated violent acts. Jeffrey Dahmer was also evil
conversations, and genetics in order to find abnormalities in the brain. Whichever side of the theory one may take, one has to be aware that not all serial killers are the same. Serial killers are separated into three or more different typologies: psychopathic sexual sadist, visionary serial killer, and the mission serial killer (Miller, Part I, 2013). According to the FBI’s operational definition, a serial killer is someone who kills at least three people over a short period of time accompanied with
Jared Scot Fogle became known as the “The Subway Guy” in the year 2000. Fogle was able to lose two hundred and forty pounds and attributed it mostly to eating Subway. For fifteen years Fogle was a friendly face of the company (Levey, 2003). Jared not only lost weight but he gained wealth and notoriety. Gaining all of these things in a short time could have led to his demise at the same time. Today his friendly face of Subway is overshadowed by the fact he is a sex offender. He will be required