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Soft drink and toxicity
Soft drinks are bad for health essay
Soft drinks are bad for health essay
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One source of controversy in today’s society is the availability of soft drinks in schools. Soft drinks are a part of American culture; companies like Coca-Cola and Pepsi are classic American brands. Many people are accustomed to having these drinks as part of their daily lives; however, the negative effects these beverages can have, especially when available in schools to adolescents, are commonly overlooked. Though there are some benefits of having these drinks available, it is clear that the negative health effects, as well as the problems created for schools, outweigh these benefits. School officials, parents, and adolescents need to be more informed about the risks of consuming soft drinks and make changes to eliminate soft drinks in schools.
One of the main health concerns associated with soft drink consumption is obesity, especially when discussing the health of developing adolescents. Many medical personnel agree that when people drink soda, they add extra calories into their diet, which is one of the main reasons weight gain occurs. Also, when sugar and calories are ingested through liquids, people tend to consume more, because liquid sugars do not take the place of calories in foods, but add to them (Murray). For example, theDietary Guidelines for Americans suggests that the amount of added sugars ingested per day should be limited to 12 teaspoons, but recent intakes of added sugars have been measured at 200 to 300 kcals over this suggested limit (White). However, although there is strong evidence that illustrates a correlation between consuming soft drinks and obesity, it cannot be said definitely that these two things are directly linked. Another negative effect of drinking soda is the decrease in the consumpt...
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...tion 104.10 (2004): 1597-600. Science Direct. Web. 28 Oct. 2011.
Murray, Robert D., Howard L. Taras, Barbara L. Frankowski, Jane W. McGrath, Cynthia J. Mears, and Thomas L. Young. “Soft Drinks in Schools.” Pediatrics 113.1 (2004): 152-54. EBSCOhost. Web. 28 Oct. 2011.
Nestle, Marion. “Soft Drink “Pouring Rights”: Marketing Empty Calories.” Public Health Reports 115 (2000): 308-19. PubMed. Web. 28 Oct. 2011.
Story, Mary, Marilyn S. Nanney, and Marlene B. Schwartz. “Schools and Obesity Prevention: Creating School Environments and Policies to Promote Healthy Eating and Physical Activity.” Milbank Quarterly 87.1 (2009): 71-100.EBSCOhost. Web. 3 Nov. 2011.
White, Adrienne A., Susan Nitzke, and Karen E. Peterson. “Are Soft Drinks Getting a Bum Rap? We Don’t Think So.” Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior 36.5 (2004): 266-71. EBSCOhost. Web. 24 Oct. 2011.
Sir Robert Peel, the creator of the first police force in 1829, London, England, modeled after the British Military. In America, the New York Sheriffs office was founded in 1626, In 1751, the City of Philadelphia established the first police force. A little over 220 years, before Sir Robert Peels police force in London. However, America’s version would soon morph into the Sir Robert Peels police model, following three principles, mission, strategy and organizational structure, moreover, this model could be compared to our two prong approach of “Professional and Community” policing of today. The mission was to prevent crime, by being visible in the community, the strategy was to be proactive, by actively pursuing offenders, and lastly, the
Westley, W. A. (1970). Violence and the police: A sociological study of law, custom and morality. Cambridge: The M.I.T. Press.
The modern police agencies have grown and developed since the early 1600s to become an increasingly organized group that endeavors to prevent crime while preserving the rights and professionalism of citizens. Generally, modern policing in the United has been shaped by the early English police styles (“The History of the Police”, n.d.). This is primarily because the first organized policing agencies were witnessed in the early 1800s but exper...
...T., Reiner, R. (2012) ‘Policing the Police’ in The Official Handbook of Criminology. Ed. By Maguire, M., Morgan, R., Reiner, R. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 806- 838
The soft drink industry in the United States is a highly profitably, but competitive market. In 2000 alone, consumers on average drank 53 gallons of soft drinks per person a year. There are three major companies that hold the majority of sales in the carbonated soft drink industry in the United States. They are the Coca Cola Company with 44.1% market share, followed by The Pepsi-Cola Company with 31.4% market share, and Dr. Pepper/Seven Up, Inc. with 14.7% market share. Each company respectively has numerous brands that it sales. These top brands account for almost 73% of soft drink sales in the United States. Dr. Pepper/Seven Up, Inc. owns two of the top ten brands sold. Colas are the dominant flavor in the U.S carbonated soft drink industry; however, popularity for flavored soft drinks has grown in recent years. The changing demographics of the U.S population have been an important factor in the growing popularity of these flavored soft drinks. The possible impact of this factor will be addressed later in the case.
The Political Era of policing occurred in the early 1800’s and lasted until the 1930’s, and was under the direct influence of the local government and politicians. There were benefits of political influence; police departments began to develop intimate relationships within their communities offering a wide array of services to citizens. For example, the police worked soup kitchens and provided temporary housing for immigrants searching for work (Peak, 2015). In addition to providing an array of services to the community, officers were integrated into neighborhoods, which helped to prevent and contain riots. Typically, officers were assigned to neighborhoods where they lived or had the same ethnic background. Police departments
American Soft Drink and the Company That Makes It. 3rd ed. New York: Basic, 2013.
The need for the police and the public to work together was recognized as far back as the 19th century. In 1829, the Metropolitan Police of London was established by Sir Robert Peel. Peel worked in many areas of government during his career striving to pass legislation to reform child labor laws and other statutes to help protect working Londoners. However, he is recalled by many as the “Founder of Modern Policing” (Jones, 2004). During his time as British Home Secretary, Peel took on lowering London’s rising crime rate, in addition to reforming the criminal code of the time. Peel’s police force was uniformed and its members were taken from the people it served. He believed this, along with strict discipline, was a key to keeping law and order in the streets of London (Jones, 2004).
By the turn of the twentieth century, criticism was developing over the ineffective and illegitimate character of local police departments. During this time period, the Progressive Era, many changes were taking place in America. Urbanization was bringing many people to large, increasingly industrial cities of the day. City officials were required to redesign many facets of urban life as cities continued to grow. This atmosphere of reform was also carried over into policing. Roberg et al. argues that the 1920s to 1960s were “probably the most significant period in the development of policing in the United States” (2012). During this time period, the foundations of professionalization were laid down. The reform model of policing dominated police work during this time period (Roberg et al. 2012). This model was characterized by a commitment to base the police-community relationship on law and police policy. It was now understood that police action should not be influenced by politics or personal opinions. To avoid this, police departments were now efficiently and centrally m...
Since English colonizers were the first to establish an extravagant, European society in North America, it is unsurprising that many of the aspects of the American administration of justice stemmed from its mother country. In England, law enforcement was an unorganized mess until the year 1200 (Schmalleger 137). The police system remained static from 1285 to 1829, until when Sir Robert Peel instituted the modern police force (Schmalleger 139). However, early American law enforcement was bound to be different, due to the differences of American and English life and environment. In the beginning of the colonial law enforcement, towns and cities inaugurated versions of the English day ward and night watch, but these processes did not remain in place for long (Schmalleger 139).
beverages may play a role in the epidemic of obesity." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
In 1822, the most famous person in the history of the London police system was Sir Robert Peel. He titled Home Secretary. By witnessing the industrial revolution in London becoming larger geographically and economically significant, it was clear that constables and “watchmen” were ineffective in detecting and preventing crime. Soon, he was able to reform the police system gradually so people would not become aroused and have fear. By doing so, Peel believed to make police official; it had to be standardized and had to be a paid profession.
Modern policing plays a vital role in today’s society. More importantly, the introduction of modern technology contributed to the success of police operation. Both the problem oriented policing and community policing are significant in today’s modern society in solving and preventing crimes. Before modern policing came around in the second quarter of the 19th century, law-enforcers usually consisted of soldiers, city watchmen, guards or other people of authority or military experience. As late as the 1700s, modern police had not yet arrived on the scene as we do today. In today’s society, problem oriented and community policing link vitally for the safety and well-being of people in solving and preventing crimes, and the success thereof is contributed largely to the introduction of modern technology. As it’s written in the Criminal justice in Canada by Colin Goff (six editions) “police patrols didn’t reduce the crime rate; detectives didn’t solve a lot of crime; and arrests didn’t necessarily deter would-be criminal” which tells us that policing was not good in the 80s comparing to today. This led to communities hiring private security companies to protect them. According to Sherman (1986) “citizens weren’t calling the police to report crimes and were living with significant fear of crime.” Until (1979) when Herman Goldstein published an article which changed the style of policing, which indi...
Surveys have shown that sugar-sweetened beverages are the primary source of added sugar in our diets. According to a Coca-Cola history website, the soft-drinks’ bottle sizes have been enlarged drastically over the past 40 years, basically meaning that we are drinking more soft drinks than ever. As an example, half of the population in the US consume sugary drinks every day, in which about 25 percent gain at least 200 calories from these drinks. Sugary drinks are also the top calorie source in teen’s diets, increasing the risk of diseases such as obesity, diabetes and heart problems from an early stage. It is a significant factor that leads to obesity, so I believe resisting these sugary drinks and promoting healthier products could definitely assist the goal of elevating the number of a healthy
The police back then much like now were held as heroes and that they were protecting the rest of us from the bad people. However as time has passed there has always been the question on how much power the police can have, how much force is necessary for the police to use. “The use of force to effect an arrest was as conservational in the 1840s and 1840s as it is today” . From the 1840’s till now there have been little to no actual improvements made. The police have continued to become even more powerful, when the police department was created the people questioned on whether