Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Contribution of isaac newton to the scientific revolution
Contribution of isaac newton to the scientific revolution
Contribution of isaac newton to the scientific revolution
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Although both Robert Boyle and Isaac Newton both were founders of the Scientific Revolution and modern Science Newton was better known for his work than Boyle in the general public. They both accomplished a lot but Newton’s work was better known and used by many. For more than a few reasons Newson’s work is better known in the public than that of Boyle.
Robert Boyle studied modern chemistry and investigated air pressure. He made two important contributions to science especially medicine and gravitation. He was noted for his work on behalf of experimentation. “Boyle’s experimental approach to chemistry helped to bring it into the realm of modern scholarship” (Bowles, Kaplan, 2012). “Alchemy, a mystical or mysterious element that was associated with chemistry, was almost the only chemical investigation done until Boyle’s days” (Sweeney, 2014).Deceptive allegations, bizarre beliefs and absolute deception made medieval science a disgraceful means of research. “By substituting quasi-scientific work with the experimental method, Boyle did a great service for future generations of chemical researchers” (Sweeney, 2014).He did not make any particular discoveries that persist
…show more content…
as part of modern chemistry. He came close to discovering oxygen. Boyle also did work on the nature of colors but were less influential than those of Newton who worked with the prism in experiments. His greatest improvement to prospective researchers came from the majority of realistic evidence he assembled in his life. He contributed a vital base for others to form on their own experimental achievements. He was concerned about medicine and cures for disease. His observations and documentations were used by other researchers. Boyle’s colleague, Hooke, created and assembled an air pump that he administered test on air pressure. “Boyle’s law explained the important phenomena of air and its effect that air volume always varies in inverse proportion to pressure and is widely recognized permanent contribution to the field of physicals “(Sweeney, 2014). Isaac Newton was an English knowledgeable mathematician and expert in the field of mathematics who was to blame for revealing the essential precedents of global movement and the disposition of light. “He matured the numerical calculus, a mathematical procedure for calculating rate of change that had long evaded other scholars” (Hibbin, 2014).His second contribution was in the field of optics. He built a telescope with his experiments with light. Newton researches led him to a mathematical proof that all motion is regulated by a law of attraction.
“He proved that the force of attraction between two bodies of constant mass varies as the inverse of the square of the distance between those bodies (that is, FA = k/D2, where FA is the force of attraction between the bodies, D is the distance between them, and k is a constant) “(Hibbin, 2014). “From this beginning, he was able to explain why planets travel in ellipses around the Sun, why Earth’s tides move as they do, and why tennis balls, for example, follow the trajectories that they do. The inverse square formula also led Newton toward a notion of gravity that neatly tied his mathematics together” (Hibbin,
2014). Hibbin (2014) states that: In the Principia Newton outlined his three laws of motion. The first law states that everybody continues in a state of rest or motion until it is acted on by a force (Hibbin, 2014). The second law states that the acceleration of a body is proportional to the force applied to it and inversely proportional to its mass (Hibbin, 2014). The third law, perhaps the most widely quoted, states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction (Hibbin, 2014). From these three fundamental laws, Newton went on to construct his theory of gravity a force that acts at a distance between two or more bodies, causing an attraction between them that is in inverse proportion to the distance between them (Hibbin,2014). In conclusion although Robert Boyle and Isaac Newton were both scientists who studied many works and experiments Newton was better known for his work. Newton’s work deemed him as one of the best English physicist and mathematician who was also widely recognized as one of the most influential scientists of all time and as a key figure in the scientific revolution. He was most famous for his law of gravitation.” He came to the conclusion that the apple and the moon were influenced by the same force. He named that force gravitation (or gravity) after the Latin word gravitas which literally translates into "heaviness" or "weight" (Hibbin, 2014). Newton is better known because of his three laws of motion. Although Boyle did a lot of experiments which helped him to discover the relationship between pressure and volume of gases and came up with “Boyle-Mariotte Law” his was still not as well-known as that of Newton. Newton and Boyle were both scientists of the Scientific Revolution who played a great part in the development of new knowledge and a lifetime of experiments. Although Sir Isaac Newton was influenced by the work of Dr. Robert Boyle he went on to experiment at a different level. Both men feared God and felt that there was a magical being that all logics were made. Almost all the people today still think of the world in Newtonian terms. Although Newton’s law is not quite understood by many it is known by a widespread of people. Many of his ideas were from other great scientists. Newton was even thought to have used some of Boyle’s work. Hook and Newton had many disagreements concerning the work in which he called his own. The two accomplished much within their lives. Boyle was the first modern chemist and a founder of the modern scientific method. Newton was referred to as the last of the magicians by J.M. They were both men who worked hard but because of Newton’s popularity he was known better today.
Francis Bacon ~ used the scientific method to conduct experiments, he is known as a father of modern science for this.
Steven Shapin’s book entitled Scientific Revolution begins with the provoking statement that “there was no such thing as a Scientific Revolution” (197). However, he incorporates the stories about the frontiers of scientific tradition and discovery such as Galileo, Boyle, Newton, Copernicus, Bacon, Descartes, and Huygens. Nonetheless, Shapin organizes the book into two parts with the first concerning its organization. It is divided into three sections that ask three essential questions: what was known? (15); how was it known? (65); and what was the knowledge for?(119). Shapin’s claim is that the period of the ‘Scientific Revolution’ was a time in which new answers to these questions were brought up. The second part of the book becomes central to illustrating Shapin’s view.
Robert Boyle is the most influential Anglo-Irish scientist in history. He played a key role in the history of science by establishing the experimental method, on which all modern science is based (Mollan). Also, with his assistant Robert Hooke, he began pioneering experiments on the properties of gases, including those expressed in Boyle's law. He demonstrated the physical characteristics of air, showing that is is necessary in combustion, respiration, and sound transmission. He also wrote The Sceptical Chymist in 1661, in which he attacked Aristotle's theory of four elements. This was an essential part of the modern theory of chemical elements.
Isaac Newton, (1642-1727) was an English scientist and statesman. Although his views were thought to contradict the bible he was the only man of these three which proved his views to be true. He discovered gravity and the laws of motion. He stated that, 'every particle in the universe is attracted to every other particle by a force that is directly related to the product of their masses and inversely related to the squares of the distance between them.
Francis Bacon helped to pioneer the new science steering people away from Aristotelian teachings. He helped to bring the scientific method to a place of learning from observation and experimentation. He felt that science should be judged by the usefulness of the results (Greenwood, 2009). Bacon projected that many great things might come out of this empirical approach, but what has ensued in the centuries that followed, Bacon and others might not have predicted.
When most people hear the name Isaac Newton, they think of various laws of physics and the story of the apple falling from the tree; in addition, some may even think of him as the inventor of calculus. However, there was much more to Newton’s life which was in part molded by the happenings around the world. The seventeenth century was a time of great upheaval and change around the world. The tumultuousness of this era was due mostly to political and religious unrest which in effect had a great impact on the mathematics and science discoveries from the time Newton was born in 1646 until the early 1700’s.
Francis Bacon - He was one one of the big contributors in the Enlightenment. He was recognized for his reasoning , methods & his well thought philosophies. He came up with the “scientific method”. The scientific method is techniques for DISCOVERING phenomena , LEARNING new knowledge , AND correcting and integrating previous knowledge.
That force, he concluded, is the same force that causes an apple to fall to the ground--gravity. Newton's experimental research into the force of gravity resulted in his elegant mathematical statement that is known today as the Law of Universal Gravitation. According to Newton, every mass in the universe attracts every other mass. The attractive force between any two objects is directly proportional to the product of the two masses being measured and inversely proportional to the square of the distance separating them. If we let F represent this force, r the distance between the centers of the masses, and m1 and m2 the magnitude of the two masses, the relationship stated can be written symbolically as: is defined mathematically to mean "is proportional to.")
Shapin and Schaffer reveal that through analysis of each factor, the study of science is constantly influenced by social and political factors and that the scientific method is socially constructed. Boyle’s first principle was the need to establish matters of fact; this was done through experience and was knowledge that could be quantified. The importance of this is that it marked a corner stone, and to be engaging in any type of new discovery rested on the fact that we are building upon a solid base. Boyle stated “If one wanted to produce authenticated experimental knowledge –maters of fact—one had to come to this space and to work in it with others”. This reveals the way in which scientific knowledge was socially constructed, as this limited who could view the experiment, and who was deemed trustworthy as a witness.
In 1655 he moved to Oxford and later joined the Invisible College. The Invisible College was a small group of natural philosophers; this group would later become known as The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge. While in Oxford he started to research the physical properties of air. Robert Boyle made many significant leaps and bounds in this particular area of study. After a few years of research, Boyle composed a theory that later became a law; it is now known as Boyle’s law.
One of Boyle’s biggest contributions to science was telling people how they should use the scientific method in research.“He was the first person to write specific experimental guidance for other scientists, telling them the importance of achieving reliable, repeatable results.” He also emphasized how people should repeat their own experiments to get more accurate results. Throughout his research he continually looked back on Galileo’s work. Galileo believed the world could be explained through mathematics. Later on Boyle went on to prove that air follows mathematical laws. This discovery is known as Boyle’s Law. Boyle’s Law is a gas law stating the relationship between volume and pressure while temperature is held a constant. He also stated how the movement of particles affects
This attraction has a gravitational field strength, Newton wanted to calculate the gravitational field strength of the earth. Newton discovered that when a force is applied to an object, it will cause the object to accelerate, therefore the object will change its velocity. The acceleration will be proportional to the magnitude of the force and in the same direction as the force. The proportionality constant is the mass, m, of the object. F = ma To prove this, astronauts on the moon dropped a hammer and a feather on the moon's surface.
With this he explained why the moon orbits over around the earth and affirms the heliocentric view of the solar system. In addition to all of this he created a new branch of mathematics, calculus, which he used to study change in the motion of heavenly bodies. Without calculus great scientists such as Albert Einstein would not have been able to develop theories like The Theory of Relativity which is even based on Newton’s
According to his calculations, this force is proportional to the product of the two masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.Newton would go on to use these principles to account for the trajectories of comets, the tides, the precession of the equinoxes, and other astrophysical phenomena. This effectively removed the last doubts about the validity of the heliocentric model of the cosmos which argued that the Sun (not the Earth) was at the center of the planetary system. His work also demonstrated that the motion of objects on Earth and of celestial bodies could be described by the same
To begin, a major shift in scientific thinking arrived with the dawn of the printing press and the new-found accessibility of knowledge. "Alchemy was from its origins a secret art;" (Roberts 66) secrecy was an absolute necessity in early science when a powerful recipe or method had been discovered, as such knowledge was a valuable commodit...