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The significance of symbols in Indigenous Religion
The significance of symbols in Indigenous Religion
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In this essay, I will discuss both the historic and modern relevance of sacred mountains within religions around the world. The broader prospective of this essay is to connect the sacredness of mountains to the socio-religious impact to mountain culture. The first part of the essay will discuss the history of sacred mountains within different religions and cultures across the globe. The second part will discuss the practices within and its significance in cultures that is connected to mountains. In the third part, I will provide reasons to why sacred mountains are being threatened by modern commercial tourism and mountaineering and its recent efforts to conserve its sacred significance.
INTRODUCTION
Currently, mountains has increasingly over decades been a place to awaken a sense of awe or wonder in individuals that sets them apart as a place endowed with provocative beauty and meaning. For example, many tourists, hikers, and climbers visit Sierra Nevada in California and the Alps in Europe. Besides mountains being known for their provocative beauty, they are also known to be distinguished as sacred places of worship or sanctities. There is no universal definition for sacredness, it is rather more context-specific, meaning that it can have various meanings. Mountains are considered sacred if it contains sacred sites or objects such as temples, monasteries, hermitages, stones, springs, and groves that are directly associated with the activities of holy persons (Bernbaum 305). Mountains can be singled out by a specific culture or tradition as places of sanctity (Bernbaum 304). According to the Japanese religion, a mountain is considered sacred for a given group of people if it is majestically high, in an unusual shape, or if it was...
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...th Christianity and Greek we can see similarities that connect, such as a mountain sacredness being weighed by its holy happening such as Moses giving God the Ten Commandments on Mountains Sinai and the Greek regarding a mountain “sacred” based on its divine births and miraculous events such as, Mt. Kyllene being the birthplace of Herkles. As we can see in these religions that they are parallel themes throughout each one we can also say the same for around the world. The best way to effectively analyze the different reasons to why the sacredness of mountains is to organize them. Edwin Bernbaum was able to find ten common themes that are commonly expressed throughout his study. Including Height, Center, Power, Diety or Abode of Deity, Temple or Place of Worship, Paradise or Garden, Ancestors and the Dead, Identity, Source, Inspiration, Renewal, and Transformation.
Further, prayer and medicine interplay to paint a classical image of the Native’s creed, yet, for many obsolete or preposterous existences of the shaman. To re-install beliefs present in the world for thousands of years, but have been disappearing, writers such as Neidhardt introduce the element of the
I was reading a novel and travelling to places I have never been. From the way he wrote people could see the beauty of nature and also his passion as an advocate for wilderness. Many call him as “Father of National Parks.” He strongly believed that lands should be protected and never turn into grazing pastures.as he mentioned, “The disappearance of the forests in the first place, it is claimed may be traced in most cases directly to mountain pasturage” ...
In 1785, a Christ Child was said to have appeared. A shepherd boy from the village of Tayankani played with the child, but the child disappeared. The child was believed to have disappeared into a rock that was left with his imprint. This is the story behind the pilgrimage to the rock, but those of our community don’t pay much attention to it. Their purpose in the event is to ‘honor’ their supernatural beings. They pay homage to Rit’i (the snow), Taytakuna (Fathers), and the great Apus (Lord Mountains).
Through studies such as comparative mythology, researchers and philosophers have discover hundreds of parallels between the myths that make up every culture, including their creation myths. As most are deeply rooted in religion, comparisons based on geographic area, themes, and similar story lines emerge as religions form and migrate. Campbell recognized these similarities an...
“I quickly came to understand that climbing Everest was primarily about enduring pain. And in subjecting ourselves to week after week of toil, tedium, and suffering, it struck me that most of us were probably seeking, above else, something like a state of grace.” (Krakauer Into thin Air, 133) As Krakauer says in this quote, many people use the beauty of nature as a form of self satisfaction. Enduring pain and suffering while in nature makes some people feel accomplished and changed. Krakauer himself sees mountain climbing as a way to achieve inner peace, and feel content with life. I share the opinion that nature is seen as a beautiful challenge, and can help bring someone to their true potential. Krakauer’s opinions on nature show the idea that conquering nature, can satisfy and ease desire. Among my own opinions, I think the same as Krakauer, even if our experiences are vast in comparison. I share similar perspectives about how the outdoors can affect one’s conscious and strive them to achieve personal goals as Jon Krakauer.
Notions of sacred space are defined in the classical image of the sky. The sky shows itself to be “infinite, transcendent…it is preeminently the wholly other” (Eliade, Mircea, The Sacred and the Profane, Harcourt 1959, Pg. 118). Transcendence is revealed by this infinite height. In the beginning, only the still waters and the sky existed. “For the sky by its own mode of being “reveals transcendence, force, eternity…it exists absolutely because it is high, infinite and eternal” ” (Eliade, Mircea, The Sacred and the Profane, Harcourt 1959, Pg. 119) .
The religion is the story behind the art this is because of the Greek mythology. Their gods mentioned in many of their stories was a part of their daily lives. There were thirteen major gods that were situated on top of mount Olympus. There were twelve seats on mount Olympus because one of the gods Hestia always tended to the hearth in the room. Most of their stories were comprised of when they interacted with the humans. The most interesting of the twelve gods that went down to the earth was Zeus and Apollo.
The earliest sacred space was the stupa. When the Buddha was cremated, his ashes were placed under a mound at a crossroads and when it was removed, it was divided among a variety of Buddhist groups. Hardy states that different sources, say different numbers. Some say 8, some say 11, and others say it was 12 Buddhist groups. Each group is said to have enshrined their part of the Buddhas cremated body in a stupa. Legend says that king Ashoka divided the Buddha’s divided cremated body and distributed it to 84,000 stupas throughout his realm. Monuments were built to mark the Buddhas important moments. Some of the examples of the important moments of the Buddha are where the Buddha was born or where he gave his first sermon. Ashoka than started the ritual of making pilgrimage to these places. As time passed, large temples were built around the stupas. After some time, stupas were also being built to house the cremated or mummified body of a famous monk who died during deep meditation. What was built around the stupas are stone railings with carvings. The carvings tell the life of the Buddha and the Jataka Tales. When people walk around the railings, they are recreating the experiences of the events and make them feel like they are actually there. The Buddha is kept alive through these carvings and sacred places. Hardy also states that another form of sacred space is the mountain. She writes that there are legendary
...ton have spiritual happenstances on their relative mountains. The question of mountains being spiritual may be debated until the end of humanity, but there is no doubt that they play a significant role in religion.
Hayao Miyazaki’s Princess Mononoke is a development of Japanese animation that can be seen as a romantic fable of two characters that were brought together through one cause; however, Miyazaki’s film can be seen as a Japanese cultural production. It is seen as a cultural production because it shows elements of Shinto through the Kami and the use of water for purification, as well as the female stereotype reversal that was quite dominant in the time of the Heian period. The characters in Princess Mononoke interact with the kami (gods or spirits) when they are in sacred sites or areas that assist in the contact. In Princess Mononoke, the mountain is the place where the characters make contact with the kami, which is their Shinto shrine because “originally there was no shrine building; rather, a shrine was simply a sacred precinct set apart in a certain area or around a sacred object such as a tree or stone” (Earhart, 1982, 34-35).
In Thinking Like a Mountain, the author, Aldo Leopold, writes of the importance of wildlife preservation through examples of the symbiotic relationship of animals and plant-life with a mountain. He asks the reader to perceive the processes of a mountainous environment in an unusual way. Aldo Leopold wants the reader to "think" like a mountain instead of thinking of only the immediate, or as the hunter did. Taking away one feature of an ecosystem may eventually destroy everything else that that environment is composed of. Nature and wildness is essential for the well being of life on this earth.
In The Sacred & The Profane: A Nature of Religion, Mircea Eliade attempts to define the sacred by stating it is “the opposite of the profane” (pg. 10). Through out the book he tries to explain this statement through the concept of hierophany (the idea that one can experience, sensorily, the manifestation of the holy/sacred), however his main explanation of the sacred being “the opposite of the profane” is the comparison of a modern religious man and a modern non-religious man (a profane man). Eliade compares the two by explaining how each would react to space, time, nature, and life. This essay will explain the idea of sacred space, how a religious and a profane man would experience it, and how the idea of sacred space might be applied to the study of medieval art and architecture.
Ludwig, Theodore M. The Sacred Paths: Understanding the Religions of the World (4th Edition). 4 ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 2005.
Religion is an organized collection of beliefs and cultural systems that entail the worship of a supernatural and metaphysical being. “Religion just like other belief systems, when held onto so much, can stop one from making significant progress in life”. Together with religion come traditions that provide the people with ways to tackle life’s complexities. A subscription to the school of thought of great scholars
Jomo Kenyatta’s ethnography, Facing Mt. Kenya was written in the 1930’s about Kikuyu society during 1890-1910, the early years of British colonialism in Kenya. Since the coming of the early colonization the Kikuyu people have tried to develop a religious attitude that would define it’s own culture while adapting forcefully to the European conforms of religion.