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History and development of robotics
Robots and their impact on society
History and development of robotics
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Humanity was and always is attracted to the concept of an artificial being that would make life easier and more enjoyable. The word Robot was introduced in 1921 by Karel Capek, who was a check writer in his play "R.U.R" (Rossuum's Universal Robots ) that originally meant compulsory labor. Then in 1927 Fritz Lang, in his movie Metropolis was the first to project a robot in the modern meaning. Nowadays the general understanding about robots, according to the Robot Institute of America as of 1979, a robot is perceived as "A reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts, tools, or specialized devices through various programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks" . Simply put, according to Encyclopædia Britannica , a robot is any automatically operated machine that replaces human effort, though it may not resemble human beings in appearance or perform functions in a humanlike manner . Also, to fit the goal of this paper, a proper definition is needed from the text book that we are currently using, Artificial Intelligence, A Modern Approach, defines a Robot as an active, artificial agent whose environment is the physical world. The active part rules out rocks, the artificial part rules out animals and the physical part rules out pure software agents . In this paper I am going to discuss which are the main tasks that robots can performs and mainly what are robots made of.
Generally talking, one would say that to make an autonomous robot from scratch, not too many things are needed. It would need a generic planning agent (or it can also be a Decision Making Agent), equip it with wheels and a camera (any visual scanning device and mechanical legs) and that is basically it. But there is anothe...
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...ial Intelligence, A Modern Approach.
Structured light sensors can be used to achieve 3-D vision, that is, to build visual sensors that report the true position in 3-dimensional space of points on the surface of a body or bodies being observed.
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"Robot." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 26 Mar. 2010 .
When people hear the term “FIRST Robotics” or hear anything related to robotics, they automatically assume that it has something to do with robots destroying each other or nerds sitting in the corner eating pizza and building small robots; I used to be one of those people who thought that before joining FIRST Robotics. In all honesty, I was very reluctant on becoming a part of FIRST Robotics in the first place because I did not know if I would fit in or even enjoy it for that matter. However, thanks to two special people I gave FIRST Robotics a shot, and I’m thankful that I did because I wouldn’t be the person that I am today. FIRST Robotics has greatly impacted my high school experience by teaching me life skills that I can’t learn in the classroom, forming new bonds and
Asimov’s robots can be described as clumsy, hard-working, cost-efficient, soulless, strong, fast, obedient, human-made, a cleaner better breed, more human than man.
Artificial Intelligence, also known as AI, allows a machine to function as if the machine has the capability to think like a human. While we are not expecting any hovering cars anytime soon, artificial intelligence is projected to have a major impact on the labor force and will likely replace about half the workforce in the United States in the decades to come. The research in artificial intelligence is advancing rapidly at an unstoppable rate. So while many people feel threatened by the possibility of a robot taking over their job, computer scientists actually propose that robots would benefit a country’s efficiency of production, allowing individuals to reap the benefits of the robots. For the advantage of all, researchers and analysts have begun to mend the past ideas of human-robot interaction. They have pulled inspiration from literary works of Isaac Asimov whom many saw as the first roboticist ahead of his time, and have also gotten ideas of scholarly research done by expert analysts. These efforts have began to create an idea of a work force where humans and robots work together in harmony, on a daily basis.
There are many engineering challenges involved in exploring remote areas without human assistance and in particular there is a strong need in advanced Robotics. Robots must be able to function in unknown, unstructured environments. Robots are more précised and it can be used where human involvement is dangerous, such as detecting Land Mines. We have developed a Robot which is completely Autonomous and it can also be controlled manually through Mobile phone. Robot interacts with human with the help of mobile communication and it accepts commands through Short Messaging Service (SMS). Robot is also provided with Infra-red sensors for Object detection and path finding mechanism. We have formed an algorithm for its autonomous operation and Artificial Intelligence through Micro-controller.
The science behind humanlike robots is advancing. They are becoming more smart, mobile and autonom...
Nowadays, technology is a dominant feature in the lives of people around the world. Most of daily life activities involve the use of technology which is expanding every day through scientific innovations. However, such innovations do not always occur in every part of the world, but mostly in technologically developed countries, such as South Korea, the USA and Japan. Presently, the development of robotics science has become a subject of considerable attention in those countries. According to Weng, Chen and Sun (2009, 267), “Technocrats from many developed countries, especially Japan and South Korea, are preparing for the human–robot co-existence society that they believe will emerge by 2030.” The word “robot” was introduced in the beginning of 1920th by the Czech playwright Karel Capek from the Czech word “robota”, meaning “forced labor” (Robertson 2007, 373). According to Robertson (2007, 373), robot, in practical usage, can be defined as an autonomous or semiautonomous device that is used to perform its tasks either controlled by human, fractionally controlled and with human guidance or regardless of external actions that are performed by people. Regrettably, the majority of robots in the past centuries could not operate without human control and intervention. However, the progress in robotics over the past few decades enabled humanity to achieve soaring results in creation of autonomous humanoid robots.
Desire is more than a want. It is a craving, a sincere passion that cannot be stopped, or at least this is how it is framed in Karel Capek’s, Rossum’s Universal Robots. Desire is one of the dominating themes in RUR. Capek believed there were no ideal truths. There are simply desires, each with their own truths, but each with their own dangers as well.
The Robotics Industry Association defines a robot as ?a reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts, tools, or specialized devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks? (Zalda 8). In short, a robot is a machine that is programmed to perform a variety of tasks in place of humans.
Scientific progress makes huge milestones toward developing new advanced technologies which are more and more present in human lives. Today robots replace people in many spheres such as health care, security and military, industry, education, entertainment and science. Role of robots becomes more significant because they are able to do the job which people are not able to perform well. Sometimes people are too lazy to do some routine work, due to such situation those tasks could be delegated to machines. People’s life become more technology based what makes demand for efficient robots larger. Engineers say that today robots look like machines, but in near future robots will have more human appearance, today they do some simple job, but in near future much more complicated tasks would be trusted to them. History of robotics goes far to the history when the ancient Greeks describes first devices that people were projected to fly to the sky like birds. In fact, heart of any robot is some program that direct the device and control it actions. Robot cannot perform the tasks that was not programmed in it and this if the factor what makes it quite limited in its actions. Current studies in robotics are aimed to remove those disadvantages and make robots more functional and universal through development of artificial intelligence that can operate independently. Curiosity of world community to robotics increase every day what make all the research and inventions in robotics more demanded. History of robots, resent achievement and future perspectives of robotics have to be studies and researched to understand what machines can give to humanity and what pros and cons exist in the r...
6. Aleksander, Igor, and Piers Burnett. REINVENTING MAN: The Robot Becomes Reality. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1983. p 25.
When I first started robotics, I did not fully understand what an engineer was, and I had some cloudy vision of becoming a police detective in the distant future. However, the more involved I became in the robotics program, the more interested I grew in the whole concept. Being presented with a problem and limitations, such as time constraints, budget constraints, and size and weight constraints, and then have to come up with a feasible design that fits the limitations is an amazing learning experience. However, the process did not end at coming up with a design; in fact, that was just the beginning of a very long road. After the initial design was decided on, us designers spent hours coming up with CAD (computer aided design) mockups, dimensioning every single plane and meticulously going over every centimeter of the virtual version of our robot. With a solid vision in place, construction began and as we learned more about the problem and our own limitations, we were forced to perform small alterations to our design; making it dynamic to fit the ever changing
Robots are becoming an interesting invention in human lives especially in millennials generation that are dealing sophisticated life and technology. Known for their appearance in many sci-fi movies, robots have become more and more intriguing among today’s generations. Robots are created to help the humans in their complicated or dangerous work. In constantly revolving world, robots are created with the purpose of aiding humans in sophisticated or dangerous labor. According to Mary Bellis, an inventors expert in her article “The Definition of A Robot,” a robot is a real or imaginary machine that is controlled by a computer and is often made to look like a human or animal, and a machine that can do the work of a person and the works automatically
In today's society, robots come in different types and qualities, and robots’ use was mainly in the laboratories and factories; however, that has drastically changed where their uses are changing at a high speed. In addition to that, they have spread throughout the world. The main function of robots is to replace the work that people used to do, or perform tasks that man cannot. A robot is a mechanical or virtual device that uses a computer program, or electronic circuitry, to carry out its functions. In modern science, robotics refers to the study of robots is robotics, which deals with designing, constructing, operating, and using robots and computer systems for controlling and processing information and providing feedbacks. However, as much as robots replace human labor, individuals or organizations can use them in dangerous environments that might be harmful and beneficial to humans. Therefore, to understand the logic behind the creation of robots, one should learn the pros and cons of robotics, in the current society. This is because people are using this technology without having a deep understanding of its effects. However, an objective evaluation of the use of robots, in the modern society, shows that they have a positive influence on human beings, but if the robots were overused, it could lead to a negative side. which shows why human beings should use robots wisely that will result an improvement to their societies and own lives. Robots have become interactive equipment whereby they have become part of human life. In this regard, people use them directly or indirectly to enhance the quality of their lives. However, Sharkey argues that there are ethical issues that arise because of using robots to enhance hu...
Robots are being used to help humans and make life easier. They are used in restaurants, crime fighting, medicine, education, protection, around the home, and even in coffee. There are a few types of robots too, like Industrial robots, social robots, and toys. Robots are able to perform many tasks that humans aren’t able to. This helps to set apart robots from humans and make everyday life a little easier.
Robots are one of the artificial intelligence that made a breakthrough across all fields of life. In consequence, many research studies and projects regarding robots took place in the last decade. In addition, robots in the society could be one of the essential machines, due to their multitask system which could adjusted to any kind of performance. In general society could use these machines to fill manpower gap in short time with less cost. Therefore, robots can have huge positive effects on different fields of life such as emergency situations, daily chores, and manufacturing industry.