Mercury
Mercury is the closest planet to the sun, along with venus, earth, mars. It is mostly made of rock. In 1974, Mariner 10 took pictures of mercury and scientist thought it looked like earth’s moon. It itself has no moons. It is named after the Greco- Roman Messenger of the gods, because it moves faster than all the other planets. Mercury has a crater known as Caloris Basin, Scientists believe the crater was made when an asteroid hit the planet. The crater is about 810 miles (1,300 km) You can see mercury at sunset or sunrise low in the horizon. Mercury is the only planet that has no atmosphere, any gases will escape into space. Without an atmosphere, the day is hot and dry, the night is freezing cold. It is made out of rock, its iron
…show more content…
core makes up most of the planet, and its mantle is rocky. Its surface is covered in craters, cliffs and hills. Scientist believe that there may be a little of melted iron surrounding the core. mercury orbits quickly around the sun , and spins slowly on its axis. Its day is twice as long as a year. It takes 88 earth days to orbit around the sun. and takes 58.6 (1,406.4 hrs) days to spin on its axis once. Mercury’s gravity is 3.7 m/s2. (“Mercury”) Venus Venus is the second closest planet to the sun. Many spacecrafts have visited venus, in 1990 the Magellan used it’s radar and made a map to find the planet’s surface. Scientist learned that venus was made of a rocky surface with many old volcanoes. It has no moons. You can see venus high in the night sky. Venus is made up of an iron and nickel core, there is a hot mantle above the core. It’s crust is made of rock. There are flat areas surfaced on venus as well as volcanoes, mountains, and canyons. Venus is made of a very thick atmosphere, made of carbon dioxide. Venus is the hottest planet in the solar system. Its thick atmosphere traps the heat from sun and that makes the planet super hot. Some volcanoes on venus are shaped like pancakes looking at the top. Scientist believe that the volcanoes were pressured by the atmosphere to make them flat like that. Venus orbits the sun while spinning on its axis, in 224.7 earth days, venus orbits the sun. It takes 243 (5, 832 hrs) earth days to spin on its axis once. It orbits faster around the sun than it spins in a day. It spins the opposite direction that earth spins. Venus’ gravity is 8.87m/s2. (“Venus”) Earth Earth is the third closest planet to the sun.
Earth is our planet, the only planet known to support life. There are 7 continents on the earth. When the universe first started, and dinosaurs were alive, all the continents were connected into one continent called pangaea. Later on in life, the plates moved the earth, so some substances were spread all around, as well as the skeletons of the dinosaurs. Earth is made out of a molten iron core, with rocky plates that move the surface of the earth. About 70% of the earth is covered in water, and only 2% is fresh (rest is contaminated, salted) and only 1% is actually water, the rest is glaciers. the earth’s atmosphere is composed of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% of other gases which include water vapour and carbon dioxide. One day has 23 hrs, and 56 min. Every four years, there is one day added to February (29th) which all the minutes of every day add up into one full day. It takes 365. 3 days to orbit around the sun. the earth spins on its axis as it orbits around the sun. Earth is a little slanted on its axis with our moon orbiting around us. Earth’s gravity is 9.807 m/s2. (“Popular Science …show more content…
”) Mars Mars is the fourth planet from the sun. In 1976, Viking 1 landed on mars, and took many pictures of the planet, it proved to see many volcanoes. The olympus mons is the largest volcano in the entire solar system. Strong winds blow red dust into mars’ atmosphere giving the sky a tan colour. Mars’ two moons are Phobos and Deimos, they are similar looking to potatoes. They are very small, phobos is 17 miles wide. They both have many craters and are covered in dust. You can see mars better than any planet, it looks like a red ball in the sky usually at night. Mars’ atmosphere is very thin and is mainly composed of carbon dioxide. Mars’ surface is made of rock and dirt, iron in the dirt gives mars its rusty red colour. Mars has flat areas, mountain, canyons, and volcanoes. Mars has a mantle, crust, and core. It’s mantle is made of melted rock. Scientists believe that mars’ core is made of solid iron. Mars spins on its axis as it orbits the sun. Its days is similar to earth, that which is 24hrs, 37 min. It takes longer than earth to orbit the sun though, a total of 687 days to make a whole year. Mars’ gravity is 3.711m/s2. (“Mars”) Jupiter Jupiter is the fifth planet from the sun, and passed the asteroid belt.
In 1979, the Voyager 1, the third spacecraft to fly by jupiter; proved that jupiter has one small ring around it. There are never ending storms on jupiter. The reason storms never is because there is no land and no surface. The Geosphere usually will stop a storm or hurricane from continuing and will just fade away. However, this is not the case for jupiter as it has no surface. Jupiters two main moons is Io and Europa. Io has many volcanoes that continuously erupt hot lava. Scientists believe that Europa, due to its ocean under its icy surface may have eternal life there. Jupiter’s atmosphere is mostly composed of hydrogen gas. Jupiter is made of huge storms that go on for thousands of years. The winds blow faster than 400 miles/ hr. Jupiter does not have a solid surface. It’s atmosphere of gas and ice push down onto the center. The pressure makes jupiter hot and thick. There may be a rocky core in the middle. Jupiter spins very quickly on its axis. It takes 9hrs and 55 for a day to end. It orbits extremely slowly around the sun, it takes about 12 earth years to orbit once. It has a total of 63 moons. More than 1,300 earths could fit into jupiter.
(“Jupiter”) Saturn Saturn is the sixth planet from the sun, and is beyond the asteroid belt. In 1980, Voyager 1 took pictures which showed saturn to be made of gases and ice. Some pictures viewed moons scientists had never seen before. One of saturn’s moons is Dione, and is covered in craters. Saturns biggest moon is titan and is bigger than mercury and pluto. Saturn has seven rings, scientists believe that the rings are made mostly of ice. People can see saturn in the night sky, however without its rings. Saturn has a thick cloudy atmosphere composed of mostly hydrogen gas. Saturn has very strong winds that can blow to 1,100 miles//hr, as well as the clouds moving quickly. Saturn doesn’t have an actual surface. The planet is mainly composed of gases, and has a small core in the center that is made of rock and ice. It takes only 10hrs and 45min to circle once in a day. However it orbits extremely slowly around the sun and takes a total of 29 yrs and 6 months to orbit around the sun. Saturn is slanted on its axis. (“Saturn”) Uranus Uranus is the seventh planet from the sun and is made of gases. In 1986 Voyager 2 flew by Uranus, this planet . It is named after the greek god of the sky. The spacecraft pictures showed a plain blue ball. Scientists were surprised, they than took later pictures and found that Uranus wasn’t as plain as it looked. Uranus is different from many other gas giants. Its atmosphere is composed of methane. Methane causes the planet’s blue colour. Uranus has fast moving clouds. Uranus does not have a solid surface and is made of gases and ice. Uranus has a core of ice and rock. Uranus spins on its axis every 17hrs and 14 minutes. But takes 84 earth years to complete a year of its own. An interesting fact about uranus is that it spins on its side rather than to its right. The complete opposite way. Scientists believe that something hit Uranus for it spin the other way. Another interesting fact is that it takes about 8 mins for light to reach the earth, while it takes 2.5 hours for it to reach uranus. Uranus has a total of 27 moons, one of the moons; Miranda, has many giant canyons. The moon, umbriel has a strange mark like a doughnut. People can see uranus as a little blue dot in the night sky and thats about it. It’s gravity is 8.69 m/s2. (“Uranus”) Neptune Neptune is the eighth planet of the solar system and beyond the asteroid belt. In 1989 Voyager 2 was sent to Neptune and viewed that clouds swirl around the planet. Neptune is unseeable as it is too far off. Neptune's atmosphere is made of mostly hydrogen, helium, and methane. Slivers of clouds move quickly around neptune. Neptune doesn’t have a surface, the atmosphere is made of soupy gases and ice, the only solid part is the solid core. Neptune spins on its axis as it orbits the sun. It takes nearly 164.8 years to circle the sun once. It takes 16 hrs and 7 min to circle once. It orbits in such a way that it crosses paths with pluto at some point in time making it farther than pluto. (“Neptune”)
The majority of mercury sett;es into the surface sediment where the amount of mercury was2.5 times more than the deep sediment. This of course leads to an even greater chance of the mercury getting recycled into the food chain rather than decomposing.
Jovian Planets are the next four planets in our solar system and are also known as “gas giants”. These four planets consist of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Jovian planets are different from Terrestrial planets in that they are farther from the sun, which makes them cooler, mostly gaseous in composition, have low density and fast rotation. Some of the planets also have rings
Introduction From the Earth to the Moon, the Eagle has landed, the Apollo XI spacecraft has made it to the moon with fierce determination of Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, Michael Collins with only 30 seconds of fuel remaining! Don’t you ever wanted to know how these famous astronauts got up there? Well, it’s your luck day, I will be talking everything about Apollo XI from astronauts to overview of the mission. The Apollo XI is the most known rocket than any other, it is how the first astronaut went up to the Moon for the United States. It is also the rocket that beat Russia before they got to the Moon in the Space Race.
Supernovas are accountable for the birth of new galaxies and stars, including the Milky Way and its planets. Jupiter is the center of many theories. One speculation considers Jupiter’s core to be solid diamond, or highly compressed carbon. Due to the abnormal mass of the planet, Jupiter has strange weather conditions that lead to large storms, including its Great Red Spot, an anti-cyclonic storm.
Pluto was discovered on February 18, 1930. Its greater distance means its orbital period of 248 years is the longest of all planets. The plane of Pluto's orbit is also tilted the most compared to the rest, taking it further north and south of the Earth's orbital plane than the other planets. Pluto's only know satellite, Charon, is the largest satellite compared to the size of its mother planet. The Earth's moon held that title until Charon was discovered in 1978. Charon's large mass relative to Pluto means that the center of their common orbit about each other lies outside Pluto's surface, another unique characteristic of this Planet. The four inner planets Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are known as terrestrial planets for their smaller size,
Jupiter, the largest planet in our solar system, has yet to be discovered as in depth as Juno will. NASA New Frontiers recently established the Juno Mission to observe Jupiter (Ionescu 1). The spacecraft is currently on route to Jupiter and it is set to arrive in 2016. Juno will orbit Jupiter thirty-three times total before shutting down (Ionescu 1). Juno will observe Jupiter with deeper observation than can be seen by a telescope. The Juno Spacecraft is a project made to discover Jupiter’s high winds, a possible water source, and the planetary structure.
The ancient cultures like the Romans were the first to discover and name the planet Saturn but Galileo was the first to discover the rings in 1610 using his newly invented telescope. Bostiling a elegant ring system Saturn the sixth planet away from our sun at a distance of 1.4 billion kilometers. Saturn is second largest planet in the solar system and here on Earth is visible at night with the naked eye. Saturn has an overall hazy yellow-brown appearance from earth view but with a telescope people can see layers of cloud with little red, brown, and white spots.
They are the four largest planets in our solar system if not by mass, then by diameter with Jupiter having the status of being the giant among the giants by acquiring greater than twice the mass of all the other planets in the solar system combined. Just using Earth as a comparison, Jupiter's mass is more than three hundred times larger.
Neptune is one of the eight planets in our solar system. It was named after the Roman god of the sea. It was discovered on September 23rd 1847 by Heinrich D'Arrest and Johann Galle. No one before this time knew that Neptune existed, because Neptune is invisible to the naked eye. Neptune is known as an ice giant, but is the smaller than the other ice giant, Uranus. Neptune is the farthest planet from the sun at about 2.8 billion miles away, therefore making it the coldest planet. Neptune is the most dense out of all of the other planets in our solar system. It takes about one hundred and sixty five years for neptune to orbit the sun. Since Neptune does not have a solid surface, the lengths of days are different in different parts of Neptune.
General Description: Earth may be the most unique of all planets because of the life forms we know exist here and the way they utilize the Suns energy. The Earth is composed of a great amount of water, mostly in the form of oceans, which make up most of its surface. It also contains various gases, of which make it possible for us humans to exist and is a system that exists between plants and animals here.
Jupiter’s chemical composition makes it to be the largest planet. Ceres is the largest body in the
Mercury, at 58 million kilometers from the sun, is the smallest and lightest planet. One year on Mercury (88 days) is longer than a day on Mercury (59 days), which accounts for immense temperature fluctuations ranging from 437 degrees celsius to -173. It has no atmosphere or moon. The sweltering temperatures of Venus, at 108 million kilometers, never descend below 437 degrees celsius and can extend to 497 degrees. It has no moon. It’s atmosphere, comprised
¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬The Earth is a large and mysterious planet that we are just beginning to understand. There are many cycles and forces that go hand in hand in creating different environments on Earth. In this essay we will go over the five major cycles, the Atmosphere, Sun, Water/Ocean, Wind, and Earth cycles. We will also go over how the cycles interact and work together to form one of the most bio diverse planets in our galaxy.
Mercury is the first planet closest to the Sun. It is the smallest planet in the solar system. Mercury rotates three times in two of its years. One of Mercury's days is equal to 176 Earth days because its rotation is very slow. What is weird is that its day is longer than its year. Mercury’s year is about 88 earth days the shortest in the solar system. It has the shortest year because it is closest to the Sun.