Exploring Light Refraction in Acrylic: An Experiment

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In the Reflection and Refraction lab, we investigated the relationship of acrylic’s index of refraction (nacrylic) to a beam of light’s angle of incidence (θ1) and the angle of refraction (θ2) when entering a piece of acrylic. In addition, we calculated the critical angle (θC) needed to cause total internal reflection (TIR) within acrylic. The value known going into this lab was the index of refraction of air, nair=1.00, and the goal was to fine the index of refraction of acrylic (nacrylic) and its critical angle (θC). From the measured angle of incidence (θ1) and angle of refraction (θ2), we found acrylic’s index of refraction to be n_acrylic=1.44±0.09. We calculated the critical angle of acrylic to be θ_C=42.2±0.5°, and from the critical …show more content…

Snell’s Law, Equation (1), was then rearranged as follows to compute the index of refraction (nacrylic):

n_acrylic=n_air (sin⁡(θ_1))/(sin⁡(θ_2)) (2)

Because the index of refraction of air (nair), in the precision this lab delves into, is 1.00, the resulting equation is essentially:

n_acrylic=(sin⁡(θ_1))/(sin⁡(θ_2)) (3)

Equation (3) is the one used to calculate the index of refraction (nacrylic) of acrylic from each angle of incidence (θ1) and angle of refraction (θ2).

In Exploration 1B of the Reflection and Refraction Lab, we rearranged Snell’s Law, Equation (1), to calculate the minimum angle at which light will reflect back into acrylic, or the critical angle (θC). For this, a beam of light was direction into the semicircle of acrylic at an angle. At first, the angle of light simply refracted through the acrylic. The angle was adjusted accordingly until the moment it began to reflect instead of refract, creating total internal reflection (TIR). After tracing out where the acrylic was placed, we noted the light’s path in and out of the acrylic, and where the light reflected within the acrylic. The resulting outlines looked similar

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