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Stylistic Analysis of Toni Morrison's Beloved
Stylistic Analysis of Toni Morrison's Beloved
Features of African American Literature
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Earlier in the year I stated that I took the Africana Studies 200 course last year, thereby having a general background knowledge of that hardships encountered by many African Americans. As we approach the end of the Fall semester, I can confidently identify the Survey of African American Literature 260 course as my favorite General Education class. I never thought that I could feel so many emotions throughout the year by just coming to class and going over the material we read at home. In AFST 200 we learned about how the enslavement period was initiated, but ENG 260 provided further knowledge on the injustices still occurring to this day. Many of the stories and poems read gave insight on stereotypes and the “othering” ideology we fail to …show more content…
This is a story written in five acts where the main characters, Twyla and Roberta, are put into a shelter. This was done because Twyla’s mother danced and Roberta’s mother was described as sick (Morrison, 243). The aspect of this short story that struck me the most was that the reader is unable to distinguish which character is black or white. Twyla is seen describing Roberta as smelling funny by stating, “…they never washed their hair…” (Morrison, 243). This description would make a reader believe Roberta is black as there is a stereotype given to Afro-centric hairstyles. This is later contrasted by comment made like “Everything is so easy for them” (Morrison, 252). Twyla runs into a newly changed Roberta wearing nice shoes and a dress. What could have been initially seen as a black girl is now seen as a white girl. I see this stereotype due to the circumstances back during this period. If someone is described as “summery and rich,” I would believe them to be a white person due to their superiority (Morrison, 252). The word ‘othering’ is another description of this process. Many people marginalize other groups in a sense to make ourselves feel superior. This is something that enrages me to think about as we all tend to do this subconsciously. Why do we think like this? I know if we can eliminate these bad stereotypes we give each other than maybe everyone can come together as
When Twyla and Roberta first meet, there is already a racial divide. This is made evident by their different ethnicities and Twyla’s skepticism brought on by her mother’s comment about their hair “smelling funny (Morrison 31).” Although this misconception might not have directly influenced their friendship, it is stated that Twyla and Roberta did not get along in the beginning and Twyla even comments that her mom would not like the set-up; it was not until they
Prentice Hall Anthology of African American Literature. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2000. 163-67. Print.
“She was black as she could be, twisted like driftwood from being out in the weather, her face a map of all the storms and journeys she’d been through. Her right arm was raised, as if she was pointing the way, except her fingers were closed in a fist. It gave her a serious look, like she could straighten you out if necessary” (Kidd 70).
The main aspect of this story is how race should not be someone’s entire identity, and that there are other parts of people that create who they are. Personality has nothing to do with whether someone is black or white, and throughout the story the reader catches themselves making these assumptions and feeding in to these stereotypes. Both Roberta and Twyla find difficulties in determining whether or not Maggie was black or white, and their memories seem to be unreliable. Roberta remembers Maggie being black while Twyla
Janie’s first discovery about herself comes when she is a child. She is around the age of six when she realizes that she is colored. Janie’s confusion about her race is based on the reasoning that all her peers and the kids she grows up with are white. Janie and her Nanny live in the backyard of the white people that her Nanny works for. When Janie does not recognize herself on the picture that is taken by a photographer, the others find it funny and laughs, leaving Janie feeling humiliated. This racial discovery is not “social prejudice or personal meanness but affection” (Cooke 140). Janie is often teased at school because she lives with the white people and dresses better than the other colored kids. Even though the kids that tease her were all colored, this begins Janie’s experience to racial discrimination.
unc - a penbroke. Teaching African American Literature, 8 May 2008. Web. The Web. The Web.
The civil rights movement may have technically ended in the nineteen sixties, but America is still feeling the adverse effects of this dark time in history today. African Americans were the group of people most affected by the Civil Rights Act and continue to be today. Great pain and suffering, though, usually amounts to great literature. This period in American history was no exception. Langston Hughes was a prolific writer before, during, and after the Civil Rights Act and produced many classic poems for African American literature. Hughes uses theme, point of view, and historical context in his poems “I, Too” and “Theme for English B” to expand the views on African American culture to his audience members.
The difference of color is seen through the eyes, but the formulation of racial judgement and discrimination is developed in the subconscious mind. Toni Morrison’s short story “Recitatif (1983)” explores the racial difference and challenges that both Twyla and Roberta experience. Morrison’s novels such as “Beloved”, “The Bluest Eye”, and her short story “Recitatif” are all centered around the issues and hardships of racism. The first time that Twyla and Roberta met Twyla makes a racial remake or stereotype about the texture and smell of Roberta’s hair. Although they both were in the orphanage because of similar situations, Twyla instantly finds a racial difference. The racial differences between Twyla and Roberta affects their friendship, personal views of each other, and relationship with their husbands.
Those two events may seem like nothing but it shows how even at the early age of 8, children are taught to spot the differences in race instead of judging people by their character. Directing after this Twyla mentions how her and Roberta “looked like salt and pepper standing there and that’s what the other kids called us sometimes” (202). On the first page of this short story we already have 3 example of race dictating how the characters think and act. With the third one which mentions salt which is white and pepper which is black we understand that one girl is white and one girl is black. The brilliance of this story is that we never get a clear cut answer on which girl is which. Toni Morrison gives us clues and hints but never comes out and says it. This leaves it up to us to figure it out for ourselves. The next example of how race influences our characters is very telling. When Twyla’s mother and Roberta’s mother meeting we see not only race influencing the characters but, how the parents can pass it down to the next generation. This takes places when the mothers come to the orphanage for chapel and Twyla describes to the reader Roberta’s mother being “bigger than any man
The narrator, Twyla, begins by recalling the time she spent with her friend, Roberta, at the St. Bonaventure orphanage. From the beginning of the story, the only fact that is confirmed by the author is that Twyla and Roberta are of a different race, saying, “they looked like salt and pepper” (Morrison, 2254). They were eight-years old. In the beginning of the story, Twyla says, “My mother danced all night and Roberta’s was sick.” This line sets the tone of the story from the start. This quote begins to separate the two girls i...
Stereotyping is when a person believes someone has a certain characteristic based on their race. Toni Morrison purposefully does not tell the readers the race of Twyla and Roberta in the story because she wants the reader to recognize how they stereotype others based on how she describes the girls. The only way we know the girls are not the same race is because Twyla says, “So for the moment it didn’t matter that we looked like salt and pepper standing there and that’s what the other kids called us sometimes,” (Morrison 239). Twyla and Roberta are friends in a time period where African Americans and white people were learning how to co-exist with each other so it was a step in the right direction for them to develop a friendship despite their differences. When Twyla first meets Roberta she stereotypes her and says, “And Mary, that’s my mother, she was right. Every now and then she would stop dancing long enough to tell me something important and one of the things she said was that they never washed their hair and they smelled funny,” (Morrison 239). Twyla knew nothing about Roberta when she made this comment but she judged her based on what her mother has told her about people of the opposite race. Twyla and Roberta were both young girls when they first met so the only thing they knew about race was what their mothers or other people told them and during this time period they was a lot of stereotyping and biased
Instead, the people are actually deceiving themselves into thinking that a certain group acts in a certain manner. This is done so that a group is able to fit a particular stereotype so that ironically the people placing the stereotypes are not perceived in a ce...
Morrison uses the awkwardness of the two women’s meetings combined with the words spoken by the women to portray the confusion of race throughout the story. The first meeting was at Saint Bonaventure when they were roommates. Twyla’s mother was “always dancing” as a stripper and Roberta’s mother was a well off business woman “who was always sick” (Morrison) as Roberta would say. In the time period of the story, it would have made sense that a black mother would not have had a good paying job as a business woman. Because of this, one would think that Twyla was the black child while Roberta was the white one. Also, both girls’ mothers come to visit St. Bonny’s one day. Morrison focuses on the interaction between the grown women. Twyla’s mother, Mary, is dressed inappropriately and Roberta’s mother is dressed very well with “an enormous cross on her even more enormou...
To survive, one must depend on the acceptance and integration of what is past and what is present. In her novel Beloved, Toni Morrison carefully constructs events that parallel the way the human mind functions; this serves as a means by which the reader can understand the activity of memory. "Rememory" enables Sethe, the novel's protagonist, to reconstruct her past realities. The vividness that Sethe brings to every moment through recurring images characterizes her understanding of herself. Through rememory, Morrison is able to carry Sethe on a journey from being a woman who identifies herself only with motherhood, to a woman who begins to identify herself as a human being. Morrison glorifies the potential of language, and her faith in the power and construction of words instills trust in her readers that Sethe has claimed ownership of her freed self. The structure of Morrison's novel, which is arranged in trimesters, carries the reader on a mother's journey beginning with the recognition of a haunting "new" presence, then gradually coming to terms with one's fears and reservations, and finally giving birth to a new identity while reclaiming one's own.
Over the course of the century chronicling the helm of slavery, the emancipation, and the push for civil, equal, and human rights, black literary scholars have pressed to have their voice heard in the midst a country that would dare classify a black as a second class citizen. Often, literary modes of communication were employed to accomplish just that. Black scholars used the often little education they received to produce a body of works that would seek to beckon the cause of freedom and help blacks tarry through the cruelties, inadequacies, and inconveniences of their oppressed condition. To capture the black experience in America was one of the sole aims of black literature. However, we as scholars of these bodies of works today are often unsure as to whether or not we can indeed coin the phrase “Black Literature” or, in this case, “Black poetry”. Is there such a thing? If so, how do we define the term, and what body of writing can we use to determine the validity of the definition. Such is the aim of this essay because we can indeed call a poem “Black”. We can define “Black poetry” as a body of writing written by an African-American in the United States that formulates a concentrated imaginative awareness of an experience or set of experiences inextricably linked to black people, characterizes a furious call or pursuit of freedom, and attempts to capture the black condition in a language chosen and arranged to create a specific emotional response through meaning, sound, and rhythm. An examination of several works of poetry by various Black scholars should suffice to prove that the definition does hold and that “Black Poetry” is a term that we can use.