The current article specifically uses a subtype of qualitative research called phenomenology. This methodology is designed to capture the meaning behind a phenomena, which in this case involves encapsulating younger siblings’ perspectives on older siblings sport participation (Allen-Collinson, 2009; Dale, 1996; Englander, 2012). More specifically, these researchers employed existential phenomenology methodology. Based originally on the philosophical works of Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger, the amalgamation of existentialism and phenomenology brings to light a detailed and holistic description of the human experience from the perspective of the participants being interviewed (Blazo, et al., 2014; Fahlberg, Fahlberg, & Gates, 1992). When …show more content…
The unstructured interview approach, is an excellent way of creating multiple realities by giving the control of the interview over to the participants being interviewed and inviting them to tell their stories peaked by only an open-ended question. This method requires an environment in which the participants readily open up (Hill, 2001). To the credit of the current study, the interviewees did provide detailed accounts when interviewed. Additionally, as the stories are elicited by the participants own volition, they can cover a broad range of topics allows for unplanned comments and topics to come up that may have otherwise been left untouched in a more structured methodology (Kvale, 1983). However, because the responses are so gloriously open ended they are difficult to compare across different cases, and large amounts of irrelevant data must be sifted through in a time consuming manner. The benefit of qualitative phenomenological research is that while most scientific methods focus on what can be physically observed and quantitatively measured, this leaves a gapping hole in our ability to evaluate the human condition as most of what we do is determined by unseen forces in our psyches (Kvale, 1983). Therefore, open-ended phenomenology allows researchers to break the restrictive mold and attempt to discover insights into lived experience that would normally remain invisible to more traditional scientific study (Dale,
Gatz, Margaret, Michael A. Messner, and Sandra Rokeach. Paradoxes of youth and sport. Albany: State University of New York, 2002.. 12-13.
pp. 58-59. Kidman, Lynn, McKenzie, Alex, and Brigid. The nature of target parents' comments during youth sport competitions. Journal of Sport Behavior 98:1 (March 1999): 54-68.
He is the author of many books including Sport, Play, and Ethical Reflection and the coauthor, with Craig Clifford, of Sport and Character: Reclaiming the Principles of Sportsmanship. In his book Sport, Philosophy, and Good lives professor Feezell’s research question is if it seems plausible to think of sports activities as meaningful and to believe that such activities contribute to a meaningful lives. In addition, the primary method utilized in this research consisted of many document analysis about many top athletes’ lives. In the research, professor Feezel found out that competition has a bigger essence of seeking to become good than rather the actual activity. In fact, in a deeper level, competition is the reference in the way the athlete’s identity is fixed in relation in how good they did. In other words, sport affect directly an athlete’s self-esteem which created a meaning in their lives. In fact, professor Feezell’s work is related to professor Pelling’s work in many ways. Both of them talked about how important is to an athlete to win a competition. They stated that how well they did in a competition can impact their lives. This work is relevant to the topic of why sports are important to college students because how good they are go directly to how the personal
Narrative research is a qualitative methodological approach in research (Bedford & Landry, 2010. Since the early 1980s, narrative inquiry has been emerging in regards to individual life stories. Storytelling is closely related to psychoanalytic tradition. Narrative research, consist of a multiple of approaches, that are apart of social constructionism, which is guided by the philosophical assumptions of an interpretive constructivist paradigm (Patsiopoulos & Buchanan, 2011). Through this qualitative method researchers are able to explore and obtain an understanding about individuals through specific data gathered through interviews.
Participating in a sport at an early age can be essential to the overall growth process during a child’s upbringing. Whether the participation is through some sort of organized league or just getting together amongst friends and playing, the lessons learned from this can help teach these kids and provide a positive message to them as they develop. There is a certain point, however, when organized sports can hinder progress, which is when adults get too involved and forget about the underlying reason to why they are helping. While adult involvement is necessary, adult involvement can sometimes send the wrong message to children when they try to make participation become more than just about fun and learning. According to Coakley (2009), “organized sports are worth the effort put forth by adults, as long as they do what is in the best interest of their children and put that thought ahead of their own agenda” (Coakley, p. 151). This is a valid argument because once adults put themselves in front of the children and their values, it needs to be re-evaluated as to why they first got involved in the beginning. Partaking in organized sport and activity from a young age can be beneficial to the overall development of children, as long as decisions actions are made in the best interest of the children and not stemming from ulterior motives of adults.
A scholarly exploration involves the employment of a research approach. In the qualitative side of the research method spectrum, there exists a multitude of approaches (Willig, 2008). From this pool of choices, I decided that for my research project, I will employ Jonathan Smith’s Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (abbreviated as IPA). As an approach, IPA aims to produce an understanding of the sensemaking involved in people’s lived experiences (Birkbeck University of London, 2015; Smith & Osborn, 2008). Through the employment of IPA as the research approach, I expect that a thorough understanding of the defeminization phenomenon will be achieved.
The greatest influence on my life has been my family. Thirty-eight family members over four generations have graduated from Cal, fourteen as athletes, with two in Cal’s Hall of Fame. I knew exactly what I wanted to do with my life when I was little, and that desire never changed. My athletic identity started to form at a very young age due to my family’s strong influence and their athletic connections. According to Mead, young children form their initial self-image based on engagement with their significant others. I grew up with athletic parents and grandparents, two older brothers and all guy cousins. With a very close-knit family, living only 5 to 10 minutes away from each other door to door, all I did when I was young was go to sporting events. From these individuals, “we learn the basic knowledge of our society, and we internalize this knowledge as a coherent set of expectations, feelings and attitudes” (O’brien,...
The main focus is to gather all the individuals experience and analyze the consensus. Phenomenology due to its complexity it is considered both qualitative and quantitative. It is best used when the author wants to gather data to understand the emotions behind individual’s experiences. This type of research is excellent to try and understand a group. This type of research benefits groups of teachers, health care workers, therapist and government in charge of writing polices.
The author could have employed other methods of qualitative research such as, narrative analysis, grounded theory, discourse analysis, data display and analysis, content analysis and quantifying qualitative data and computer assisted qualitative data analysis software (CAPDAS) (Saunders et al., 2016). Nevertheless, these approaches seem cumbersome sometimes and take a long time to complete (Willig, 1999; Braun and Clarke, 2006 and Smith and Bekker,
Qualitative research is an approach that attempts to situate an activity that locates the observer in the world by providing the study to occur in their natural setting and by attempting to make sense of, or interpret information (Denzin and Lincoln, 2005). A characteristic of qualitative research is to use a variety of empirical materials such as personal experience, interviews, and questionnaires. It is imperative to understand the task at hand and how to fully carry out the study when using a qualitative research approach in order to find out the information needed. One view of qualitative research is it involves examining individual’s experiences and documenting those experiences in detail (Jones, 2011). By documenting these observations the researcher is ensuring validity in his or her data and giving the correct creditability to those who participated in the study.
Sports are an important aspect of society. They help people to strive to reach certain goals and join people together, but they also can divide people and turn a fun game into the main purpose of someone’s life. Taking sports games too seriously can be harmful to both the athlete and the spectator. The attitude of always winning at any cost in sports has managed to distract us from other important parts of our lives, such as health and education. This importance of the value of sports can heavily influence the way that we see ourselves as both the spectator and the athlete by creating a positive self image and distilling confidence and discipline within the player, or by embedding self doubt and inversion.
It is extremely vital to use an appropriate language and let the participant know that you are fully engage and listening carefully to the response. The strength of the interviewer-participant relationship is perhaps the most important aspect of a qualitative research. The quality of this relationship likely affects participants’ self disclosure, including the depth of information they may share about their experience of a problem. In general, the interview requires tremendous amount of knowledge and responsibility, practice and experience. To conduct such interviews, one must posses’ tremendous knowledge as well as the ability to clearly communicate
Chapter four and five in Creswell (2013) helped me realize how important it is to focus on one type of qualitative research. This leads to writing a coherent paper in the approach chosen. It was also interesting to learn that because subjective and objective experiences, phenomenology lies somewhere in between both qualitative and quantitative research.
Introduction Since the first athletic contests of ancient Greece, humans have participated in competitive sports. Sports participation provides enjoyment and a certain competitiveness that one might seldom find elsewhere. Sports, whether it be a pastime or occupation, teaches many life lessons and can often become an area to which people become permanently attached. This became the case for me. As a young child, my family was very much involved in sports.