Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Importance and purpose of literature review
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Importance and purpose of literature review
The topic for this study will be Doctoral Persistence. Doctoral persistence is “the continuance of a student’s progress toward the completion of a doctoral degree” (Bair, 1999, p. 8). Doctoral Persistence will be researched and utilized with the Phenomenology research design. In applying Phenomenology research design and answering the following questions. First providing a description of the Phenomenology design and when it is appropriate to incorporate into research. It will describe challenges that Phenomenology research can reflect experience. Illustrate a problem statement pertaining to our theme of doctoral persistence of business students. Present two qualitative research questions that reflect Phenomenology design. Finally formulate …show more content…
This often are topics that lack evidence found through literal reviews. As described by Creswell (2018) is the common meaning for several individual of their lived experiences of a concept or a phenomenon. Another example is by Van Manen, (1990, p. 177). Phenomenologists focus on describing what all participants have in common as they experience a phenomenon (e.g., grief is universally experienced). The basic purpose of phenomenology is to reduce individual experiences with a phenomenon to a description of the universal essence (a “grasp of the very nature of the thing”). The main focus is to gather all the individuals experience and analyze the consensus. Phenomenology due to its complexity it is considered both qualitative and quantitative. It is best used when the author wants to gather data to understand the emotions behind individual’s experiences. This type of research is excellent to try and understand a group. This type of research benefits groups of teachers, health care workers, therapist and government in charge of writing polices. The data can help these groups better understand experience of a group of …show more content…
University persistently has faced dropout rates of 40-70% depending on the literature review according to Bair, C. R., & Howorth, J.G. (1990). Doctoral Persistence is a topic that resumes as a research topic by scholars. The insufficiency of Doctoral Persistence is showing up to 60% of doctoral students will not acquire their degree. There are several causes and cannot be defined by one specific reason. Researchers have attempted to conduct several studies throughout varies environments to comprehend this epidemic. Golde, C. M. (2005) states that 40% of students who begin their doctoral program will not complete it. How can Universities retain doctoral students in their programs and decrease dropout rates by
Richard Rodriguez?s essay, Hunger of Memory, narrates the course of his educational career. Rodriguez tells of the unenthusiastic and disheartening factors that he had to endure along with his education such as isolation and lack of innovation. It becomes apparent that Rodriguez believes that only a select few go through the awful experiences that he underwent. But actually the contrary is true. The majority of students do go through the ?long, unglamorous, and demeaning process? of education, but for different reasons (Rodriguez, 68). Instead of pursuing education for the sake of learning, they pursue education for the sake of job placement.
A phenomenologist, David Abram, in his book The Spell of the Sensuous, discusses that human is “inter-subjective.” (Abram, 36) Phenomenology is a method of getting to truth through observing how phenomena present themselves to the senses and to the mind, as Abram defines, “phenomenology would seek not to explain the world, but to describe as closely as possible the way the world makes itself evident to awareness, the way things first arise in our direct, sensorial experience.” (Abram, 35) Phenomenology poses the terms inter-subjectivity to describe what is real. Subjectivity refers to the essence of the “I”—first-person perspective. Inter-subjectivity is the perspective developed between, called a kind of “We-ness”. In phenomenology, reality is a collective construction—it is not subjective to the individual or is objectively determined by things, but rather it is inter-subjective.
a doctoral journey can be a long process, with many benchmarks for the students' dissertation to satisfy. Many students have left dissertations in progress and unfinished, because job and familiy committments have been a higher priority.
...al approach is focuses on the dynamics of individual people in small groups, taking on the microview. Phenomenologists discard the idea of a set social structure, concentrating on society's individual members and groups in an attempt to understand how they see and interpret the world in which they live by placing themselves in their environment as to try and view things from their perspective. It is virtually a polar opposite and a more complex approach than that of the positivists. They believe that ''social facts do not exist but are created and constructed in the process of social interaction.''
It is based on the relationship between the patient who is going through a period of life altering event and their environment. It explains the patients ability to transcend beyond self when facilitated by health providers such as nurses, therefore, they can expand intrapersonally, interpersonally, temporally, and transpersonally, leading to develop a new perspective and meaning of life. The theory inquires knowledge beyond qualitative data, as it requires the patient participate so their perspective and experience are being
There are two types of research that can be conducted in research studies, these are qualitative and quantitative (Newman, 2011). Qualitative research is a process that uses detailed oriented methodology that tries to achieve a profound knowledge or understanding of specific incident and circumstance, wh...
The unstructured interview approach, is an excellent way of creating multiple realities by giving the control of the interview over to the participants being interviewed and inviting them to tell their stories peaked by only an open-ended question. This method requires an environment in which the participants readily open up (Hill, 2001). To the credit of the current study, the interviewees did provide detailed accounts when interviewed. Additionally, as the stories are elicited by the participants own volition, they can cover a broad range of topics allows for unplanned comments and topics to come up that may have otherwise been left untouched in a more structured methodology (Kvale, 1983). However, because the responses are so gloriously open ended they are difficult to compare across different cases, and large amounts of irrelevant data must be sifted through in a time consuming manner. The benefit of qualitative phenomenological research is that while most scientific methods focus on what can be physically observed and quantitatively measured, this leaves a gapping hole in our ability to evaluate the human condition as most of what we do is determined by unseen forces in our psyches (Kvale, 1983). Therefore, open-ended phenomenology allows researchers to break the restrictive mold and attempt to discover insights into lived experience that would normally remain invisible to more traditional scientific study (Dale,
Qualitative research is an approach that attempts to situate an activity that locates the observer in the world by providing the study to occur in their natural setting and by attempting to make sense of, or interpret information (Denzin and Lincoln, 2005). A characteristic of qualitative research is to use a variety of empirical materials such as personal experience, interviews, and questionnaires. It is imperative to understand the task at hand and how to fully carry out the study when using a qualitative research approach in order to find out the information needed. One view of qualitative research is it involves examining individual’s experiences and documenting those experiences in detail (Jones, 2011). By documenting these observations the researcher is ensuring validity in his or her data and giving the correct creditability to those who participated in the study.
Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Thomson. Berger, J. B., & Milem, J. F. (1999). The role of student involvement and perceptions of integration in a casual model of student persistence. Research in Higher Education, 40, 641-664. Light, J. R. (2001).
Since the early 70s theorists have pondered the causes of college dropout. Generally referred to as “student attrition,” this problem has spurred numerous causal theories and theoretical models. Vincent Tinto led the research with his revolutionary 1973 study, which he later revised (1987) amid criticism from other luminaries in the field, most notably Bean, Astin, Terenzini, and Pascarella. It is on the work of these scholars (including also Tinto) that all modern research in the student attrition field is based. I found and will review in brief some of the extensive research from Tinto to the present, including the basic criticisms therein. I will further explain the steps some colleges are currently taking to counteract this increasingly important issue.
The foundational documents helped me realized that student engagement is important when trying to retain and developed them. There are two key components in engagement (Wolf-Wendel et. al., 2009). The first component is the amount of work that students put into their education and activities that lead to their experiences and student success (Wolf-Wendel et. al., 2009). The second is how higher education allocate resources and learning opportunities to motivate students to attend and develop from (Wolf-Wendel et. al., 2009). The Student Personnel Point of View, 1937 philosophy proposes that we should develop the student as whole instead of developing them intellectually. According to The Student Personnel Point of View, 1949 it is the campus community to develop a student physically, socially, emotionally, and
Zins, J. E., Weissburg, R. P., Wang, M. C., & Walberg, H. J. (2004). Building academic success
Chapter four and five in Creswell (2013) helped me realize how important it is to focus on one type of qualitative research. This leads to writing a coherent paper in the approach chosen. It was also interesting to learn that because subjective and objective experiences, phenomenology lies somewhere in between both qualitative and quantitative research.
...s over an extended period of time (Smith and Davis, 2010); (4) phenomenological research, involves understanding the lived experiences by studying a small number of subjects through extensive and prolonged engagement to develop pattern and relationships of meaning; (5) narrative research, in which the researcher studies the lives of individuals through stories about their lives (Creswell, 2009); and (6) participatory action research, in which the goal of the researcher is to evaluate and understand the impact of some social program on the community (Smith and Davis, 2010).
Persistence is more important than ability to determine a person’s success. When there is a person who wants to do their goal or task they have to be able to work hard for their goal, they need to be dedicated to the goal, and no matter what happens they can’t give up which means that they have to keep going and going until they have finally achieved what they wanted to achieve. So this shows that a great successor needs to be very persistent to achieve and go beyond what they want to do, they need to drive themselves to success, but most of all they need to be patient and have time.