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Parenting styles and culture differences.pdf
Parenting styles and culture differences.pdf
The role of environment in child personality development
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While I had never paid much attention to expectant mothers in the past, this assignment made me a little more intrigued about prenatal development. In the beginning, it seemed impossible to properly report on prenatal development from just an observation stand point. Not being able to view the baby through a mother's exterior was my initial concern. However, I began to look around at pregnant mother's, carry children in this prenatal stage and took notes about their behaviors. I chose to observe my Aunt April who is having a baby. Because we all meet every Sunday for dinner, this gave me the perfect opportunity. I never paid much attention to her before, but there is definitely a difference in the way a pregnant woman moves around. From the very beginning of most children's life, there must be an attachment with the mother. Aunt April appears cautious and more protective by always putting her hand in front of rubbing her stomach constantly. I thought she did this for comfort, but it appeared unconscious. She looked down constantly and even talked to her stomach. She appeared to make sure not many people came close to touching this area of her body. I also noticed she did not drink alcohol or wouldn't allow anyone to smoke cigarettes, which she had allowed before. She appeared more emotional and anxious than everyone else. In addition I got to see the sonogram picture that everyone was passing around, which cleary indicated the baby was in the fetal stage, which is the last and longest stage of prenatal development. You can see the fetus and tell he is in the final stage of prenatal development. On the picture it indicates 32 weeks and 16.3 cm long.The baby is fully developed and you clearly see the face with chubby cheeks,... ... middle of paper ... ...concern. In this style of parenting, children usually lack self-control and are socially incompetent. In the African American culture, my unbringing, the preferred parenting style is Authoritaive. I believe Authoritaive parenting encourages to be creative, independent and motivated by providing guidance and the appropriate balance. In our culture, children are taught to be assertive, socially responsible and have self-regulation. The ability to be able to ask questions during adolescence provides children with proper reasoning and communication skills. Most experts believe authoritative produces the best outcome in emotional stability and academic success in children, but state some parents may use a combination of parenting techniques. Work Cited Santrock, J. W. (2012). A topical approach to life-span development (6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Pregnancy can be very socially challenging as one's previous life changes drastically with the arrival of the child. Most women wish to become a positive role model for the child and try to change their social and financial life
Harris, Sara, and Laura E. Berk. Instructor's Resource Manual for Berk Exploring Lifespan Development, Second Edition. 2nd ed. Illinois: Allyn & Bacon, 2011. Print.
Exploring Lifespan Development (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon. Levy-Hinte, J. & Sons, J. London, M. (Producer), & Hardwicke, C. (Director). (2003). The 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary'.
According to results, a parent’s approach to parenting is highly influenced by a family’s social and economic status and condition. The popularity of the disciplinary approach is mostly due to the challenges that a black family faces on a daily basis such as racism, discrimination, and poverty.
She stated, “The best part of the pregnancy was my hair, it was strong, silky, shiny, and it grew really fast.” Additionally, she believed the worst part of the pregnancy was not being able to bend over. She was used to being very active and not being able to move much got to her. According to these women these were the best and worst parts of their pregnancy.
We are exposed to many harmful substances in our daily lives. Some of these substances are especially harmful for a developing zygote, embryo, or fetus. When a woman makes the decision to become pregnant, or if she finds herself pregnant, she can also make some decisions of what kind of precautions she will make during her pregnancy. While some substances such as pollution are mostly unavoidable for pregnant women in today’s society, other harmful substances can be easily avoided to ensure the proper healthy development of her unborn child.
The research, lead by Sara Waters, was published in Psychological Science in January, 2014. Initially, the researchers predicted that babies would react to the mother’s response to a situation (particularly with negative stressors), reflect their mother’s response through certain behavioral responses, and ultimately achieve a greater connection with the mother that
Parenting styles have been widely defined by Baumrind into three categories, authoritative, authoritarian and permissive. Parenting styles can be defined as a pattern of attitudes in how parents choose to express and communicate with their children. These styles are categorized based on the level of nurturance, parental control and level of responsiveness (Dwairy, 2004). Authoritative style exhibits high levels of demand, responsiveness and nurturance; authoritarian style exhibits high levels of demand but low levels of responsiveness, permissive style exhibits low levels of demand but high in responsiveness and nurturance (Dwairy, 2004). These parenting styles have been proposed to have a significant impact on a child’s development as well as academic achievement and psychological well-being. Children reared by authoritative parents are stated to have the highest levels of academic achievement, self-esteem, emotional adjustment and well-being according to Baumrind’s category of styles (Dwairy, 2004). However, these three categories are based on Western samples and have been said to describe parenting styles mainly in the West and question its limitations in describing parenting across cultures, as each style’s defining patterns may have different meanings across cultures.
With over three hundred million Americans and over six billion people worldwide parenting skills are essential to maintain a healthy society. Parenting involves many aspects and requires many skills. It is a time to nurture, instruct, and correct to develop fundamental skills children will need to be mature, responsible, and contributing adults to a society. There are four commonly identified parenting styles; authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved parenting. Of the four parenting styles, two remain on opposite ends of the parenting spectrum. These two styles; authoritarian, and permissive both have deleterious results that are often visible throughout different developmental stages, such as rebellious behavior. As well each style has its own advantages such as; acceptance by peers with commonality. Child rearing for most parents is an evolving set of skills. It could be said that, with any style of parenting, there is no explicit set of rules for every situation, and what works for one child may not be effective for another.
Berger, K. S. (2010). Invitation to The Life Span (Second Edition). Unite State of America: Worth Publishers.
Feldman, Robert S.. Development across the life span . 6th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 2010. Print.
There are many different areas to consider when preparing for and having a newborn. Whether the pregnancy was planned or unplanned or the couple is married or not, a newborn baby brings new responsibilities. Having a baby also forces people to make adjustments both financially and within the family. Parents also express concerns and expectations when having a newborn comma especially when it is their first; including what roles each parent and family member should play, how much confidence they have in their parenting skills, and how much financial strain would be placed on the family once the newborn has arrived. The newest issue in today’s society is the fact that many women are delaying childbirth and having more children in their later years of life.
In the first three months, the development begins. As a newborn, we are completely dependant on others, but the baby has many skills that are imperative in order to communicate. We have a cry, reflexes, and brain capable to recognize routine. In the social aspect, we stare at who is feeding us and enjoy baths and other routine activities, and we begin to smile. Physically, our legs are not strong enough to hold any weight. We can something such as rattle, but cannot at it simultaneously. Also, we can hold our head by ourselves. On an emotional sense, we would quiet to the sound of a familiar voice and show excitement when handled and distress to loud noises. On language, the baby would stop crying to the sound of a rattle, turn our head to any sound, and make noise when happy. Intellectually, we are very alert and will follow with our eyes and we love to play with our hands. In only three months we have learned so many different truths about ourselves, our family, and our surroundings.
In this report I will be discussing the development issues about prenatal development, and the newborn. Developmental psychology is basically a psychology study that focuses on the cognitive, physical, and social change throughout our life span. In prenatal development we learn about nature and nurture, continuity and stages, and stability and change. Prenatal Development is the process in which babies develop from one single cell after making a baby into an Embryo and later on a fetus . An Embryo is the process of a human organism for about approximately 2 weeks after the fertilization though the second month.
Parenting styles have the capacity of influencing a child’s social, cognitive, and psychological growth, which would then affect the child both in their childhood years, and as an adult.