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Pope innocent iii impact
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Pope Innocent III to many people is a savior of Christianity. He is thought of very highly because he was one of the most influential and powerful popes of the Middle Ages. Pope Innocent III not only made a mark on everyday citizens of his reign, but especially so to the Roman Catholics. The election of Pope innocent III happened to him at the age of thirty-seven on 8 January 1198, his real name was Lothar of Segni. Many popes before him had let the Christian values slip through their fingers, ultimately leaving no hope of salvation because of the corruption that was occurring in the Church and values being forgotten at every new pope. Pope Innocent III was the first pope to name himself the ‘Vicar of Peter’ to then name himself ‘Vicar of Christ’ as he was convinced as pope he was “Christ’s Vicar on Earth, charged with the duty of wielding the spiritual sword, so as to uphold religion, justice, and mortality everywhere.” Pope Innocent was doing such a good job that it only took him a few years to restore hope and respect of the Roman people. Pope Innocent’s ultimate concerns were to fetch back the faith of Christ, because religious values were decreasing and the hope of salvation rested on his shoulders. His duty as Pope was to fix the downfall of the Church and by doing so he did not need to change much, but simply reinforce religious values. During his reign he accomplished many things, one accomplishment was bringing papacy to new heights, making it a more powerful than it had ever been. Pope Innocent III was in many ways an opportunist and he used opportunity on many occasions to better his authority and power among the people and papacy. This would be a very important tactic used at the time of Henry VI death in 1197, leavi... ... middle of paper ... ...I: Studies on Papal Authority and Pastoral Care J. C. Moore (ed.), Pope Innocent III and his World (Aldershot: Ashgate, 1999) C. Morris, The Papal Monarchy: The Western Church from 1050 to 1250 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989) F. Oakley, The Western Church in the Later Middle Ages (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1979) J. M. Powell (ed.), Innocent III: Vicar of Christ or Lord of the World?, 2nd edn (Washington DC: Catholic University of America Press, 1994) J. Sayers, Innocent III: Leader of Europe, 1198-1216 (New York, NY: Longman, 1993) J. R. Strayer, The Albigensian Crusades, new edn with an epilogue by C. Lansing (Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1992) R. H. C. Davis, A History of Medieval Europe from Constantine to Saint Louis. London and New York: Longmans, Green, 1957. W. L. Wakefield, Heresy, Crusade and Inquisition in Southern France 1100-
Dana C. Munro, "Urban and the Crusaders", Translations and Reprints from the Original Sources of European History, Vol 1:2, (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 1895), 5-8
Prior to the careers of Popes Celestine V and Boniface XII in the 13th century, the long and, sometimes tumultuous, history of the church can be helpful in setting the stage for these two church official’s very famous, and very different tenures as pope. In different forms and methods, the medieval Catholic Church has always had a strong hold on society in addition to politics. The church has also had a troubling past when it comes to corruption, usually manifesting itself through the pursuit of this dominance over political and outside figures on all aspects of everyday life. Coupling these two themes together, the past actions and power exerted
Quinn, Patricia A. Better Than the Sons of Kings: Boys and Monks in the Early Middle Ages. (New York,
Carleton- Munro, Dana. The Speech of Pope Urban II. At Clermont, 1095. The American Historical Review. 11. no. 2 (1906): 231.
Government of the medieval society was impacted greatly by the rise of the church. As time passed after Jesus’s crucifiction, preaching’s of his heroic sacrifice for human’s sins intrigued many people including leaders from different places. “In the latter part of the Middle Ages, the pope, as head of the church, had much influence over the king and total control of the clergy” (The Middle Ages). Knowing the belief that common folk had in Christianity, many leaders seemed to take advantage or work with religious role models like popes, bishops, priests, etc. for ways of taking control of people or simply being crowned emperor. In 800, Charlemagne “was crowned emperor by Pope Leo III on Christmas Day” (Charlemagne). The pope was appealed to Charlemagne (also known as Charles the Great) for protection against the Lombards. Though this appeared to be a mutual trade, it is interesting as to how Pope Leo III had the power to crown someone to be e...
Pope John Paul II was one of the most influential leaders of the 20th century. Pope John Paul II had a rough life growing up. He was the only one left alive in his family at age 20. He also lived in Poland during the Nazi occupation of Poland. These events led to him being a great and very strong leader. He was not a shy leader that very often spoke his mind about his beliefs. His motto “Totally Yours” shows that he was a very open person. While Pope he held firm orthodox stances. Pope John Paul II has done many thing to effect the Catholic Church in the 20th Century. He...
Robinson, John J. Dungeon, Fire, and Sword: The Knights Templar in the Crusades. New York: M. Evans &, 1991. Print.
Rosenwein, Barbara H, A Short History of the Middle Ages Volume 1. (Broadview Press, Peterborough, Ontario, 2004).
Perry, Marvin, Peden, Joseph, and Von Laue, Theodore, eds. “Medieval Learning: Synthesis of Reason and Christian Faith.” Sources of the Western Tradition. 5th ed. New York: Houghton Mifflin Co., 2003. 239.
Greengrass, Mark. The Longman Companion to The European Reformation, C. 1500-1618. London: Longman, 1998. Print.
Duffy, Eamon. Saints & Sinners: A History of the Popes. 3rd ed. (Wales: Yale University Press, 1997).
Gregory X, for the most part, wanted to save the Holy Land. He did a lot more that is highly respected, but the crusades and his yearning to save the Holy Land was most remembered. Author of this memoir, Bishop Bruno of Olmutz, wrote “it was just as important to defend the Church in Eastern Europe from attack by pagans and schismatics, as it was to recover the Holy Land; otherwise, wishing to avoid Charybdis, the Christians would fall prey to Scylla.” (Housley). The crusades definitely should’ve been preached to further Christian cause in Eastern Europe, but the Church was under much danger and needed to be defended too. Gregory X is important to the history of the papacy because not only of what he has done and accomplished, but what he has not done too. Every pope there was that goes back to when St. Peter was chosen, has been recorded and studied. There is evidence of every pope there was. The author of this memoir believes that Gregory X is important to the papacy because the Church must always be defended along with the Holy
Rice, Eugene E. and Anthony Grafton. The Foundations of Early Modern Europe, 1460-1559. 2nd. ed. New York: W. W. Norton and Co., 1994.
After the death of Innocent III, the papacy was then occupied by Boniface VIII (1294–1303), a pope who had great aspirations for supreme authority in temporal affairs. Worse for the papacy was soon to follow. After the death of Boniface’s successor, the excellent Benedict XI (1303–1304), the cardinals chose a Frenchman, Bertrand de Got, who took the name Clement V (1305–1314). A man of weak character, little experience, and frail health, Clement was no match for the ruthless Philip. He eventually declared Philip innocent of the attack on Boniface VIII, canceled Boniface’s interdicts and excommunications, and modified the bull Unam sanctam to please the king.
Pollen, John Hungerford. "St. Ignatius Loyola." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 7. New York: Robert Appleton Company,1910. 23 Mar. 2014 .