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Theories Of Personality
Personality trait theory
Attributes of an effective teacher
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Trait Theories of Personality are described as the theories that endeavor to describe the characteristics that make up human personality in an effort to predict future behavior. Trait in itself is described as a consistent enduring way of thinking, feeling, or behaving. The Big Five Model is a model of personality traits that describes five basic trait dimensions: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Openness is defined as the willingness to try new things and be open to new experiences. Conscientiousness is described as the care a person gives to organization and thoughtfulness of others and dependability. Extraversion is the dimension of personality referring to one’s need to be with other people. Agreeableness is conveyed as the emotional style of a person that may range from easygoing, friendly, and likeable to grumpy, crabby, and unpleasant. Finally, neuroticism is the degree of emotional instability or stability. I believe the traits that best describe my personality are Openness, Conscientiousness, and Agreeableness. The reason as to why I chose openness is because I am a very adventurous person with a very vivid and active imagination. I enjoy getting to try new things and experience new places and activities. The next trait that I chose was conscientiousness. The reasoning behind choosing this trait is because I’m a very organized person. I constantly have to have all papers for each class in one folder specifically for that class. I also have a specific folder for each class on my computer as well in order to make sure that any document that is for that class is there. On top of just being very organized, I’m also a dependable person. Many times, my family and friends will come to ... ... middle of paper ... ... places and things. Based off the conscientiousness and agreeableness traits, which reflect in my personality, I believe that being a teacher or therapist would be something that I would truly excel at. Both professions require a very dependable and organized person as well someone who is compassionate, friendly, helpful, and easy going. I know from personal experience that the best teachers are the ones that show a sense of compassion for their students and are always there when a student is in need of extra help. Not only this, but when you think of a therapist, you would want a therapist whom is very kind and friendly as well as shows compassion for their patients. If a therapist were to lack these qualities, it would make it harder for their patients to actually be open and willing to talk to them in order to get the help that they might be needing and seeking.
To begin, the Big-Five traits of the Five Factor Model of Personality are each unique in their own way and offer hints or clues into an individual’s personality. The Big-Five traits can be easily remembered by using the acronym O.C.E.A.N. O represents the trait openness, C represents conscientiousness, E represents extraversion, A represents agreeableness, and last, but not least, N represents neuroticism. Openness is a trait that is characterized by a multitude of positive components. For example, individuals who score high in the trait openness often tend to be imaginative, creative, intelligent, broad-minded, and curious. They are likely to be more motivated, and they enjoy pursuing diverse and new experiences. Individuals high in openness are also more likely to be proactive meaning they actively seek more challenging and complex opportunities (Choi, Colbert, & Oh, 2015). Low scorers of openness are more practical, conventional, narrow-minded, and tend to avoid new experiences. The next trait, Conscientiousness, is a trait which is characterized by more efficient elements. For instance, individuals who score high in
Our book was divided into different chapters on various theorists and explained the major theories of personality that were proposed by the different psychologists. One of the theories that we learned about was the trait theories. Gordan Allport introduced the trait theory and his theory suggested that individual personalities are primarily composed of broad dispositions’. Eysenck’s three dimensions of Personality was also a part of the trait theory. Eysenck developed that model of personality upon three universal trails. And at last, the trait theory had the Big five dimensions which proposed that there are give basic dimensions of personality. One of the four conclusions in our textbook suggested that “until more unambiguous empirical research is available, the best one can do is to evaluate the various theories personally, and to accept concepts that make sense and reject those that do not”(531).
After Allport, came along two psychologists, Raymond Cattell and Hans Eysenck, who each formulated their own theories regarding traits. Their theories have been the subjects of considerable research in the world of psychology. Cattell seemed to focus on far too many traits, while Eysenck seemed to focus on too few. As a result, psychologists have combined the two theories to make one satisfactory theory (Cherry), called “The Big Five Factors” (Myers). They are: conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness, and extraversion. These five factors merge to create the human personality (Cherry). Where people fall into these factors s...
“The Five Factor Model provides a compelling framework for building personality measures that seek to represent the domain of individual terms broadly and systematically” (Briggs, 1989 as cited in McAdams. DP, 1992, p. 332). The FFM consists of five factors (The ‘Big Five’). They are Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism. When measured individuals can range from extremes on each of these traits.
Personality is defined as a person's differences to another in regards to their patterns of behavior, thinking, and emotional responses (American Psychological Association). The Big Five Personality Traits are Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism, or OCEAN for short. Openness is essentially correlated to exploring new things. The people that have high levels of this trait are generally more apt to do things like try different types of food, be more creative, and have the ability to tackle challenging problems. People who are low on this trait generally have a dislike for change, tend to not enjoy trying new things, and are generally more traditional in a sense..
The trait I believe I reflect most is caring. I am always available when my friends, or even strangers, need help. I hope that I am a good person for someone to talk to as I am open-minded enough to never judge someone for their misfortunes or wrong doings. This brings me to the other trait I relate to most, which is open-minded. I believe that I am able to understand most people’s point of view in situations even if they seem to be in the wrong. Two other traits I relate to very much, however not as much as the aforementioned traits, are knowledgeable and risk-taker. I am knowledgeable not only in the sense that I am intelligent but also that I am on a journey of seeking higher knowledge and the secrets the world has to offer me. Knowledgeable can help me in my area of risk-taking by allowing me to not take risks that will produce a dangerous outcome. I am a risk-taker in my personal life more than my educational one because I find joy in new experiences and enjoy being adventurous and taking risks. The traits that I particularly relate to are balanced, a thinker, and reflective. I view myself as a thinker due to the immense amount of time I spend pondering the spiritual aspect of life. Although I would possibly describe myself as a thinker, I would have a harder time describing myself as reflective because I prefer to live in the now and not reflect back onto my sad past. Balanced is a trait that I see in myself but I also me failing at being balanced always. I tend to balance time between friends poorly, however not by intention. Also, I need to work on balancing my time spent on projects and assignments in school. The traits on the list I relate to the least are principled, inquirer, and communicator. Although I am principled, I find myself being more open to ideas and possibilities, that some people believe are wrong. I am not as stubborn as many principled people are, my opinion is
Psychology covers a huge field and one interesting aspect of it is personality. Personality by itself involves various issues. Some aspects are Psychoanalytic, Ego, Biological, Behaviorist, Cognitive, Trait, and Humanistic. Different types of behaviors are amazing to learn about, mainly the behavior therapy, collective behavior, crime and punishment, and Social behavior and peer acceptance in children. I chose Behaviorism over the other aspects because I believe behavior determines human personality and is very interesting. You can tell what one is by his behavior, and one behaves according to what place he has in society. By doing this paper on Behavior, I hope to get a better understanding of, if behavior develops a personality or if personality guides behavior. I also see behaviorism helping me in the future with my personal and professional career by understanding human personality and behavior better than I do. No matter what your major is, if you can determine one's personality by his behavior you can really get your work done from that person and understand the better than you would otherwise. This person could be your employee or your employer. Behavior Therapy Behavior therapy is the application of experimentally derived principles of learning to the treatment of psychological disorders. The concept derives primarily from work of Russian psychologist Ivan Pavlov. Behavior-therapy techniques differ from psychiatric methods, particularly psychoanalysis, in that they are predominately symptom (behavior) oriented and shows little or no concern for unconscious processes, achieving new insight, or effecting fundamental personality change. The U.S. psychologist B.F. Skinner, who worked with mental patients in a Massachusetts State hospital, popularized behavior therapy. From his work in animal learning, Skinner found that the establishment and extinction of responses can be determined by the way reinforces, or rewards, are given. The pattern of reward giving, both in time and frequency, is known as a schedule of reinforcement. The gradual change in behavior in approximation of the desired result is known as shaping. More recent developments in behavior therapy emphasize the adaptive nature of cognitive processes. Behavior-therapy techniques have been applied with some success to such disturbances as enuresis (bed-wetting), tics, phobias, stutteri...
“The Big Five Trait Theory” is based on the five broad dimensions of one’s personality which according to Jason Rentfrow (PH. D) was “uncovered” after “decades of research on personality.”
Personality is massive part of an individual’s identity. Our personalities dictate our patterns of thinking, feeling, and acting. An individual’s personality exposes them to predispositions and habits that influence their actions and lives. Early on, personality assessments consisted of physical features ranging from head shape and facial characteristics to body type. In today’s world, personality assessments are mainly based around traits. Traits are simply descriptions of one’s habitual patterns of behavior, thought and emotion. The most popular personality assessment is the Five-Factor Model, also known as The Big Five. This model allows us to describe people based on the five main traits/dimensions. These traits are extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience. Each of these five traits measures a different aspect of one’s personality. Extraversion is based on one’s level of engagement with the world,
The five-factor model includes five broad domains or dimensions of personality that are used to describe human personality. The five factors are openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. While these five traits should be sufficient on their own to describe all facets of a personality, there also should be no correlation between the main factors. The Five Factor Model is now perhaps the most widely use trait theory of personality and has achieved the closest thing to a consensus in personality research. The advantage of this theory is that there have been multiple research studies conducted on this theory. Results suggest that this theory is effective in describing and determining personality. However, this theory is very categorical and does not allow for much flexibility. It also looks at the person personality at that time and now how it developed.
The second major theory is called the trait or five-factor model. Often referred to as the "Big 5". The five personality traits described by the theory are extraversion, agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness and neuroticism. Beneath each proposed global factor, a number of correlated and more specific primary factors are claimed. One strength of the trait perspectives is their ability to categorize observable behaviors. In other words, observing the behaviors of an individual over time and in varying circumstances provides evidence for the personality traits categorized in trait theories. Another strength is that trait theories use
The Five-Factor Model of Personality is a system used in order to describe an individual’s personality traits. By requiring said individual to answer a series of questions, this test is able to decipher the traits that are most likely evident within their life. The Five-Factor Model of Personality test gives the test subject a series of situational options. Using the subject’s responses, psychologist match the answers to the personality in which best relates. A highly accurate description of ones’ personality can be easily configured by using the Five-Factor Model of Personality by testing either high or low in the following areas; openness to experience, extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and neuroticism.
The Big Five is the most widely accepted and used model of personality. The model consists of broad dimensions of personality traits. These dimensions are: Openness to Experience/Intellect, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism. Upon completion of the Big Five Personality test, my results were somewhat surprising to me. Overall, I scored on the low end for Openness to Experience/Intellect, Extraversion and Neuroticism dimensions and on the high end for Conscientiousness and Agreeableness dimensions.
Trait approach covers the big five personality traits: extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience. These five traits have been identified as the most identifiable personality traits, even across cultures and societies. According to McCrae, Costa, and Busch’s (1986) study on personality system comprehensiveness, the big five personality model included the five traits most identified with by individuals asked to describe themselves and others. I found this segment of the class especially intriguing as it helped me not only learn so much about myself, but also take a deeper look into the personality of my family, peers, and even strangers. I am also more conscious of how I self-monitor my personality traits. For example, I am very much so an introverted person but at times I try to be extroverted based off the environment. In highly social environments, I consciously smile and try to talk to people because I want to be perceived in a favorable light, not actually because I feel the need to be sociable. In other words, I don’t want to be perceived as odd. I believe I developed this form of self-monitoring because when I am introverted at social events people will constantly ask me if I’m ok since I’m quiet, which makes me uncomfortable as they make me the focus. Being the center of attention makes me anxious, and therefore to prevent that I have developed being a fake-extrovert to avoid it. This exemplified how I apply self-monitoring to my everyday life. Trait approach gave me insight into how to identify vastly accepted personality traits, as well as, how each of these traits can be influenced and
Throughout this group project, I had an opportunity to observe and reflect how my personality traits contributed to and hindered the success of the team. According to the Big Five Model, I identify myself as low on extroversion, moderate on neuroticism as well as openness and high on agreeableness and conscientiousness.