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Native american culture and traditions
Linguistic anthropology essays
Linguistic anthropology essays
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My father recently died of brain cancer. This man was a renowned linguistic anthropologist who rarely frequented home except to either grab a new change of clothes, or to purposely get on my nerves. After his death, I was forced to clean out his office so that his colleagues could make use of his space. Using up my time and willpower to arrive at my father’s workplace, I was welcomed by one of his colleagues, and was then escorted to his office. Upon reaching his office, my father’s colleague proceeded to open the office door, welcoming me to my father’s work space. As I took a step forward into the office, a gust of musk slapped the side of my face, almost leaving a bruise to my sense of smell. Accompanying the ambush was the sight of a very …show more content…
dark interior that instilled chills inside me, signaling me that this was not a safe place to be in, or so my brain thought. The office looked like an abandoned asylum. If I did not calm down, I surely would have gone crazy from my fear and unpreparedness to such an appalling scene. Taking a minute to finally calm down, I nonchalantly sifted through the stacks of papers located on the desk. I came across a pile of papers titled “Mana.” Curious, I skimmed through the papers to discover that this was one of my father’s linguistic researches. This research was based on a lost tribe called “Mana,” a research that he attempted to finish before his death. As I looked through his research, I can see that he did not regret neglecting his family at home. Seething in anger, I was close to ripping up his research until I came up with an idea. If these notes prove useful to me, then I will keep these notes and not destroy my father’s hard work. Looking at my father’s research notes, it appears that the Mana tribe may have lived in the plains (equivalent to the Great Plains in America).
I base my conjecture by how his notes explain that the Mana tribe defined the term terrain as “absolutely flat,” “rolling,” and “slightly hilly.” Also, they did not have a term for ocean. Furthermore, the Mana tribe also had several words for precipitation, most translating to “rain”, and only one meaning “snow.” I believe that the geographic terms help reinforce the idea that they lived on the plains. Also, for the Mana tribe to not have a term for ocean shows that they probably did not live near the ocean or any body of water; thus, they did not make a term for it. Also, from my knowledge in Natural History (BIO305), the weather terms describe weather conditions that are common in the plains. Aside from the environmental features, the terms used for food and livestock also help support my claim. The Mana tribe had dozens of terms for grains, including eight for wheat alone. They also had words for cow, pig, calf, and sheep. The crops were probably cultivated and harvested according to season. Because the Mana tribe also lived in the plains, I assume that they had no trouble with growing their vegetation due to the abundance of fertile land that could be used for farming. Not only that, the livestock described by the Mana tribe suit living in the plains, for they are herbivores. Being able to make use of the land year round (if they farmed according to season), they seem to not be in drought (compared to
California). Assessing into the people of the Mana tribe, I believe that they were not overweight; their build may have been lanky or average built. I base my assumption on how the Mana tribe did not have terms for beef, pork, veal, leather, or mutton. I infer that they probably did not eat their livestock; they probably did not domestic them either. Thus, their diet may have consisted of the grains they planted. From my assumption, if they did not eat meat, they probably did not have a lot of meat on their bones. Also, I believe that the people of the Mana tribe had more brains then brawn. They had twenty words for book, nine words for artist, and four words meaning theater. Thus, instead of focusing on muscle, they probably preferred expressing their feelings and appreciating the aesthetics of life. This also may have contributed to their build, since they did not need much strength performing these activities (excluding farming). Furthermore, I believe that the Mana tribe valued the younger generation. In the Mana tribe, there are several words for children, some of which translate as “wise, small one,” “innocent leader,” and “little stargazer.” I believe this shows that reproduction was special. To help support my assumption, the word for sex in the Mana tribe translates as “to plant a wise one.” Furthermore, the Mana tribe had seven terms to describe the stages of life up to puberty, and only one term to describe life from puberty to death. This shows that life the younger stages of life were very important. Once the children of the Mana tribe went into adulthood, they most likely were seen to be independent, with enough potential to be candidates to replace their forbearers. My conjecture above could also be supported by how the Mana tribe had terms for men and women that were synonymous to “husband and father” and “wife and mother.” And, in terms of community, I believe that the Mana tribe lived in harmony. The Mana tribe had no words for violent conflict or war. Also, they had several words for leader, but they were all plural. I believe that this shows that they did not have power struggles in the community, and that the adults had no problem teaching the younger generation how to continue their line of work (in case they die). Though, the tribe did have terms for praise which translates to “peacemaker” and “conciliator.” This makes me assume that although they did not have power struggles, they might have had small disputes with one another (like the ideas of the younger generation vs older generation). I assume that the conflicts were very trivial and were easily handled. Overall, I believe that the Mana tribe is very admirable. Even without following the rules from a book compiled by a bunch of people (the Bible), the Mana people seem to be good people who know how to live a happy, moral life where force and violence is not needed to get their opinions across. But because my father spent most of his time there and neglected his family, I will definitely complete and publish his research to the journal. If this gets enough hits, I believe the government may take interest and may decide to visit the lost Mana tribe, welcoming them with gifts such as white supremacist Christians, the ghost of Christopher Columbus, butchers, pollution, toxic chemicals, bull dozers, etc. Rest in peace knowing that your precious tribe will be defiled father!
First of all, the Pomo tribe was located in North central California. Another example, the Pomo tribe lived in places that depended on the climate not too hot, not too cold. Pomo tribe lived in small communities of different types. One community was said to have 20 chiefs at a time and the head men lived in one main village. Also, the Pomo tribe lived in several types of shelter. Southeastern pomo used the tule reeds that grew in marshy areas around the Clear Lake to build houses. Last of all, the Pomo spoke 7 Hokan languages including Yakaya, Yokaia, Shanel, Kabinpek, and Gallinmero, and 2 more.
The Saga of the Tigua Indians is an amazing one. By all reasoning they should have been wiped out long ago. There quiet defiance to change, however, has carried them through. From the height of civilization to near extinction the Tigua have remained. They endure imprisonment by the Spanish, oppression and manipulation by everyone that followed. This is the story of a people thought to extinct, that are once again learning to survive.
In terms of agriculture, Moche and Mayan civilizations were similar in that they both had water management systems that would help them grow the crops more efficiently; however, since agricultural styles were dependent on the landscapes and the climate of the region, Moche and Mayan had different techniques of growing their crops, as well as irrigation system, which Moche had more complexed ones. Moche irrigation system was surely “complex...requiring constant maintenance, which funneled runoff from the Andes into fields,” since the Moche civilization contained thirteen river valleys and dynamic landscapes including the Andes mountains, that they required an extensive irrigation system. Rainfalls were extreme, that it occasionally brought drought and
Have you ever heard of the Powhatan tribe? If not let me share a little fact about them. Powhatan means “waterfall” in the Virginia Algonquian language. The Powhatans didn't live in tepees. They lived in small roundhouses called wigwams, or in larger Iroquois-style longhouses. Another fact is Powhatan warriors used tomahawks or wooden war clubs. They also carried shields. Powhatan hunters used bows and arrows. If you would like to learn more about the Powhatan tribe please continue reading this paper. You will learn all about the Powhatan and how they lived. Enjoy.
Mi’kmaq was the spelling of a tribe of Indians that had first contact with European explorers in the sixteenth and seventeenth century. Through the years, the name has been changed to what we know today as Mic Mac. The word Mi’kmaq derives from the word nikmak, which means “my kin-friends” or allies. The rich and descriptive Mi’kmaq language was a member of the Algonkin family. Although every Mi’kmaq can understand each other, the dialect varies between bands. For example, the Mi’kmaq spoken in Quebec differs from that in Nova Scotia. The Mi’kmaq tribe settled in southwestern New Foundland in 1630. They were the “first nation people” (Nova Scotia 1) of Nova Scotia and later also settled in New England. They are the dominant tribe in the Canadian Maritimes and are f Roman Catholic faith, (Nova Scotia 1; Wallis and Wallis14, 21-22; Sultzman 1).
Mana was spiritual energy infused in most people and things, including words. Chiefs were thought to have more mana than others; while a small group of people called kauw [untouchables] had none. The Kauw, were forced to live apart from everyone else, so their lack of mana wouldn't drain it away from others (Segisys). Instilling of the Kapu, just like the caste system in India, those who were at the bottom of the social ladder were not allowed to have any type of contact with the higher class, and even less with the chief’s. One Kapu law included punishment to those who would cast their shadow on a king/chief and even those who attempt to look at them directly in the eye. Other examples of these regulations included the forbiddance of men and women from eating together or ...
Nancy Ammerman writes Sacred Stories, Spiritual Tribes: Finding Religion in Everyday Life to convey her findings of studying spirituality and religion in the ordinary life of her sample population. The inspiration for this book came from previous data about Christians and the “Golden Rule,” the concept of treating everyone how you would like to be treated (3). In order to understand this concept better, Ammerman decided to study religion and spirituality in everyday life. Her population included 95 people from the Boston and Atlanta areas. These participants came from “Catholic, liberal Protestant, conservative Protestant, African American Protestant, Jewish”, Mormon, Wicca and Neopaganism as well as an internet chat group (11). Unaffiliated participants were also
Lewis, David Rich. Neither Wolf Nor Dog: American Indians, Environment, and Agrarian Change. 1994. Google Books. Web. http://books.google.com/books?id=P7UakZd-7boC&pg=PA31&lpg=PA31&dq=ute+cosmology&source=bl&ots=5_0s_TT4y8&sig=BSdu9GekkFh5u_et9c0yzbOgzTU&hl=en&ei=DkXNTrfHIo--tgevkolj&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=ute%20cosmology&f=false
In her book American Indian Stories, Zitkala-Sa's central role as both an activist and writer surfaces, which uniquely combines autobiography and fiction and represents an attempt to merge cultural critique with aesthetic form, especially surrounding such fundamental matters as religion. In the tradition of sentimental, autobiographical fiction, this work addresses keen issues for American Indians' dilemmas with assimilation. In Parts IV and V of "School Days," for example, she vividly describes a little girl's nightmares of paleface devils and delineates her bitterness when her classmate died with an open Bible on her bed. In this groundbreaking scene, she inverts the allegation of Indian religion as superstition by labeling Christianity.
The Way to Rainy Mountain is by no means a normal novel. It does not have the same cookie cutter formation as most books, where the plot goes from beginning to end in neat little chapters. It is not just a simple book, it is a book that has meaning, and it is a book that makes its readers think. It is a book about connections from the past. These connections are like puzzle pieces that the main character, N. Scott Momaday, has to put together in his journey to truly understand his heritage. Through the past, Momaday finds a way to honor his grandmother’s memory and to connect with his Kiowa culture. The past comes in many different forms; it could be the way distant past spanning hundreds of years ago or simply just a minute ago. Momaday uses the past to complete his journey and add to the meaning of the book as a whole; this past includes the history of the Kiowa people, the memory of his grandmother, and his own childhood memories.
A moment in time that I hold close to myself is the funeral of my grandmother. It occurred a couple of weeks ago on the Friday of the blood drive. The funeral itself was well done and the homily offered by the priest enlightened us with hope and truth. But when the anti-climatic end of the funeral came my family members and relatives were somberly shedding tears. A sense of disapproval began creeping into my mind. I was completely shocked that I did not feel any sense of sadness or remorse. I wanted to feel the pain. I wanted to mourn, but there was no source of grief for me to mourn. My grandma had lived a great life and left her imprint on the world. After further contemplation, I realized why I felt the way I felt. My grandmother still
In American Indian Stories, University of Nebraska Press Lincoln and London edition, the author, Zitkala-Sa, tries to tell stories that depicted life growing up on a reservation. Her stories showed how Native Americans reacted to the white man’s ways of running the land and changing the life of Indians. “Zitkala-Sa was one of the early Indian writers to record tribal legends and tales from oral tradition” (back cover) is a great way to show that the author’s stories were based upon actual events in her life as a Dakota Sioux Indian. This essay will describe and analyze Native American life as described by Zitkala-Sa’s American Indian Stories, it will relate to Native Americans and their interactions with American societies, it will discuss the major themes of the book and why the author wrote it, it will describe Native American society, its values and its beliefs and how they changed and it will show how Native Americans views other non-Natives.
“Let's go Indians, Let’s go,” chants from the crowd while teammates eagerly await the last pitch of the tightly contested tied game, Nate and Ben are pacing back and forth in the dugout, while Mitch is on deck taking practice swings for his turn at bat. This game decides whether their team makes it to the playoffs or if they go home early. The South Central Indians are the best AAA team in their division but this game is closer than any of the games they have played before. As the pitcher's arm comes forward his hand releases the ball to the catcher. Conor is sixty feet away standing near home plate as he grips the bat as tight as he can with his worn out batting gloves.
My community is Alpena MI, it's on lake huron usually it's very cold. I am going to make my community Alpena beloved by creating a new yearly tradition. That tradition will be a winter bonfire at a Bayview park. This new tradition will unite the community through food, sharing, and togetherness.
So yesterday we finally made it to Idaho we set up camp and went to sleep early cause tomorrow was going to be a long day… We woke up early in the morning we had breakfast consisting of nothing more than bread and rations we packed up and we were on our way for today. We all knew once we entered Idaho the Shoshoni Indians were going to be close, so Clark and I split up I went up the Lemhi Pass 4 or so miles in we had come across something amazing, the Missouri. After taking a break there for a couple or so minutes I climbed to the top of the Dividing Ridge. What I discovered was heart breaking I called the other guys up and showed them the ginormous mountain ranges ahead of us. Everyone there knew that now either myself and crew