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Optimism and pessimism essay
Optimism and pessimism essay
The role of ethics in human life
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Pangloss might justify his condition and philosophy that all is for the best in this world by saying what doesn't kill you makes you stronger physically, mentally, and emotionally because that is an optimistic belief. In order for Pangloss to maintain his view he must ignore any form of violence, sickness, rape, poverty, and hypocrisy because those issues can actually make someone's mental stability and health decline instead of making them stronger.
A Case For Tragic Optimism by Victor Frankl states “ With the increase of the imperative urge of hunger all individual differences will blur, and in their stead will appear the uniform expression of the one instilled urge.”The one urge this piece discusses is the urge to exist. The basis of human nature is to avoid mortality. All of the experiences of life will blur and all that remains is the urge to exist.
The strong principle is this “if it is in our power to prevent something bad from happening, without thereby sacrificing anything of comparable moral importance, we ought morally to do it” (136). Singer’s point with this principle is that we are obliged to limit moral wrong, as in this case from famine, in anyway not morally wrong until that point at which by giving any more we cause as much suffering to ourselves as the amount of suffering we relieve. This principle, Singer thinks, is almost as uncontroversial as his assumption, of that I would say I disagree because, as I will show it doesn’t take into account the right to your
In his 1972 essay “Famine, Affluence, and Poverty”, Peter Singer tackles what seems on the surface to be a fairly simple debacle. He opens his essay by discussing the lack of food, shelter, and medical care in East Bengal. It is a given that every human deserves, in the very least, food, a place to sleep, and basic medical care. Singer claims that the problems involving poverty around the world is not an inevitable problem. He alleges that if we all pitched in what we can, these problems could be abolished. But unfortunately many people do not want to give up what they have for the sake of others. For these people, Singer put forth his seemingly obvious argument. It goes as follows:
Americo Paredes was an Mexican-American born in Brownsville,Texas September 3, 1915 and died May 5, 1999 in Austin, Texas. Americo Paredes was an author and for example wrote “With his Pistol In His Hand”. He was famous for his famous books and also his music.
... working in poor conditions with no medicine, and there were no doctors to help with the sickness. Without trained professionals, a country will fall into ruin, like Cambodia did. What happened in Cambodia clearly shows that it is impossible to impose a utopian view on millions of people in a country today. For a country to flourish, it needs people in many different types of roles, including doctors to cure illness, teachers to educate the next generation of citizens, merchants to buy and sell the products created by other citizens, and many more professions. A country today cannot survive if it just has 100% peasants, seeking to survive on their crop production. The Cambodian Genocide also shows the dangers of any government trying to impose racial purity, which has been shown only to lead to many deaths and inhumane acts of cruelty, without any resulting benefit.
A caged animal will go crazy in captivity, no matter how nice that cage may be. Gregor Samsa from The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka is that creature in captivity. After transforming into a large insect Gregor’s connection to the outside world and his family disintegrates. The loss of appetite, insomnia, and human interaction work to destroy Gregor’s humanity, leaving an empty shell of what the salesman used to be. The isolation of Gregor Samsa after his metamorphosis leave many negative repercussions on his mind, just like it would do to any other sane person.
(Argan). However, there is an obvious doubt to whether he is really sick or if
Miguel de Cervantes was born on an unknown date in the ancient town of Alcalá de Henares, where he was baptized on October 9, 1547. He was the fourth child of physician Rodrigo de Cervantes and Leonor de Cortinas in a family of seven. Little is known about his earlier life, however, from Cervantes's own testimony he loved to read and enjoyed the productions of the famous dramatist Lope de Rueda. In 1569, Cervantes made his first appearance as a writer at the age of twenty, collaborating with the humanist scholar Juan López de Hoyos and contributing three poems to a volume in memory of the death of Queen Isabel de Valois.
The bystander effect is one of the biggest reasons why Genocides keep occurring in our world today. The bystander effect is when you see something that you know should not be happening and you ignore it and expect someone else to take care of it, and then they just go on with their lives and act like they didn’t see anything. This is what made it possible for so many people to get away with it for so long, because they knew that the people will just act like nothing is going on. Mostly because they don’t want anything to happen to them or their families, which makes sense, you always want to protect your family, but if you do nothing, millions of other families are getting ripped apart and ruined. It is so important to know what is going on and put a stop to what we know is not right or okay on any level, and just not being a bystander is such a huge, important thing.
The decision to end world hunger is a groups effort that can provide little by little from everyone to make a difference that will be effective. “the decision and actions of human beings can prevent this suffering” (Singer 554). The action of the human race itself that re better off can save the life of many suffering that are worse off. Singer takes on the case that it should be a moral duty to help others because people often help those that are in reach to them and ignoring to sacrifice and put the effort to help those that are far of reach from them as well. Singer wants us to follow the famine relief and support those in need even if it means putting aside ours wants and benefiting to those who are suffering needs. “We would not be sacrificing anything significant if we were to continue to wear our old clothes, and give the money to famine relief. By doing so, we would be preventing another person from starving. It follows from what I have said earlier that we ought to give money away, rather than spend it on clothes which we do not need to keep us warm. To do so is not charitable or generous” (singer 557). Giving to a suffering nation should be as enjoyable or even more so than buying a new dress and just because you give it is not a generosity or charitable either because you are supporting life, which should not be an option. If it is in our will to prevent harm,
It is not easy to always practice love and compassion to everyone. This is why similarly to Miller, I believe it is our human nature to favour those we are closest to, such as family and friends. We create special bonds and relationships with particular people and they become our main concern. These relationships may cause us to become self driven. However, this does not change the fact that we are all human beings and hold the same value as one another. We must continuously remind ourselves that others have it worse off, and that we have the means to help them. So why would we choose not to? It is important to help those in need, they do not deserve anything less than wealthier nations do. Therefore, wealthier nations should be obligated to dedicate a percentage of their resources and income to ensuring the wellbeing of individuals in other
middle of paper ... ... Being free of pain is something that we feel within us to be intrinsically joyful, and no reason can be used to explain further why we wish to be joyful, or in good health. These things we just sense, and even a murderer, who rejects morality on the social level, will do whatever he can to avoid the displeasures of his inner being. His sentiments, if only for himself, remain within him. “One thing can always be a reason, why another is desired.
The effects include not only the lack of individual thought but also the lack of any notable ambition and or any sense of natural exploration of the world they live in. For example when presented with individual opinions, Lennia is horrified and instantly switches into close minded thought. When one acts as an individual they are considered a threat and are henceforth given a warning and ultimatum. This ultimatum is either go live in isolation, or become a cog in the system for the greater good. This type of world stifles individualism and ambition, which in turn leads to the normalization of anything commanded for the greater good of the controlling power. These sort of actions are what some regimes have used in the world to control their citizens. This has happened a few times throughout the 20th century. Examples of this include the Germans in the 1940’s and the Russians in the cold war. The methods used throughout the novel indicate that the more one becomes reliant on a central power, the more they give up their right to be an individual and consist of only in the moment thought. A quote from a literary analysis by Sloboda Noel provides a clear and evident warning about world states, “By preventing people from reflecting upon their lives-and from dreaming- the World state keeps people rooted in the moment” (Sloboda
Human beings are willing to kill each other for the simplest amounts, imagine what they would do for all the money in the world. With this can occur an economic discrimination, which is based on economic factor. These factors can include job availability, wages, the prices and/or availability of goods and services, and the amount of capital investment. The average American doesn’t realize how good they have it in life, being able to sleep in bed, eat warmed cooked meals, and even spend money on needless things. There are homeless people all over the world being discriminated on, this very second, because of their economic status. But us, as humans don’t understand the suffering they encounter until it happens to us. We would rather sit there and donate to a homeless person wanting drugs and alcohol, rather than a begging for help to feed their family. Until we find the love and care to help the people in need our world peace is slowly drifting away from
Coupled with my fatalistic ideology was my impression in that everyone else, excluding myself, were leading gratifying lives. My egocentrism led me to believe that I was only a victim and the only victim. Everyone I knew seemed to be leading good lives, so I quickly assumed that I was the only one who was having trouble with handling both my problems and myself.