Outline of Operation Market Garden
In early September 1944, Montgomery, in order to maintain the momentum
of the Allied movement from Normandy towards Germany , conceived an
operation to outflank the German "West Wall" defensive line.
Montgomery persuaded Supreme Allied Commander General Dwight D.
Eisenhower that his daring plan of forcing a narrow corridor from
Eindhoven northward to Arnhem and establishing a bridgehead across the
Rhine River held the promise of causing a German collapse by the end
the year. Market Garden became the biggest airborne operation in our
history. Montgomery's Operation Market-Garden consisted of two parts.
The Market part of Montgomery's operation was to lay a carpet with the
First Allied Airborne Army to seize seven canal and river bridges in
Holland as well as the very important bridge, in terms of supply
across the lower Rhine at town of Arnhem . The Garden part of the
operation was to have, the British Armoured Corps rapidly moving 60
miles along the narrow corridor crossing & securing the captured
bridges to finally join the airborne forces in Arnhem.
A.
1. Purpose
The principal objective of the operation was to get Allied troops
across the Rhine. Three main advantages were expected to be achieved:
· Cutting the land exit of the Germans remaining in western Holland.
· Outflanking the enemy's frontier defences, the West Wall or the
Siegfriedline
· Positioning British ground forces for a following drive into Germany
along the North German plain.
.
2. Major Events
The 17th of September was the so called "Day Zero" of the operation.
From airfields in the U.K. Units from the First British airborne
division left in 145 U.S. transport planes and 358 British towing
planes, which towed 354 Gliders The U.S.101 airborne division were
transported by 424 U.S transport planes and 70 towing planes with
gliders. The U.S 82 airborne division left in 480 U.S transport planes
and 50 towing planes with their gliders. In total the whole air armada
involved 1544 planes with 478 gliders .
Unfortunately for the entire army group, Operation Market Garden was to be planned in 7 days. Major General Urquhart’s report on Operation Market states that there was adequate time for the planning of the mission but that due to the necessary risk of multiple airlifts over three days led to the divisions fighting strength to be that of a brigade. In his planning of this Operation, Major General Urquhart had requested more Allied gliders and planes, but seemed content enough to go ahead with the
...ion Jubilee, and moving to the successful invasion by the Allies in Sicily and moving into Italy. Many lessons were learned and applied to this invasion, with the early planning, the secrecy of the mission, the early bombardment, and prepping of the battlefield, and the “violence of action” with the invasion all along the coast of Normandy proved to make Operation Overlord a success despite not achieving all the initial objectives.
The 123rd Aviation Battalion was comprised of multiple airframes of which included the OH-23 Raven, OH-6 Cayuse, UH-1 Huey, AH-1 Cobra, and even at one point an attachment of CH-47 Chinooks. According to the Resume of the 123rd Aviation Battalion the A Company and B Company delivered over 1,400 tons of cargo, destroyed 575 structures, killed over 700 enemy combatants, and provided medical evacuation to 114 people. All of these accomplishments took place in 1968, prior to receiving an attachment of CH-47 Chinooks. The scout aircraft provided intelligence by either flying over...
In order to receive a victory in the Battle of the Bulge, General Patton used Mission Command Analysis in order to understand how he can be successful for this mission. The first thing of understanding t...
In the summer of 1944, General George S. Patton and his 3rd Army successfully broke through heavy German Forces resistance from the Normandy invasion. German forces were in total disarray by the end of August 1944. Patton pleaded with his boss, General Omar Bradley, that if 3rd U.S. Army could be allocated as little as 400,000 gallons of fuel, he could be inside Germany in two days. Time was crucial before the inevitable reaction by the Germans to shore up their defense, preventing Patton from advancing. General Bradley refused Patton's request for more fuel; Unfortunately, General Patton advanced to Germany. Morale ran high throughout Patton’s Army, and there was no sign of heavy resistance before the German border. Consequently, by early September, the 3rd U.S Army had ground to a virtual halt along the flooded Moselle River. In places, Patton's tanks and vehicles ran out of fuel on the battlefield and their swift momentum outran their supply lines (Fugate, 1999). Lack of logistics allowed the German forces to take advantage of Patton’s Army and initiate one of the largest tank battles of World War II, the Battle of Arracourt.
The codename given to the operation was ‘Jubilee’ and its aim was to capture Dieppe to provide the
It is located in the middle of the Corn Belt where ninety-seven percent of total ethanol
Field Marshall Sir Bernard L. Montgomery, commander of the northern front, wanted a quick victory. He proposed continuing on into Germany, across the Ruhr, and destroying Hitler’s means to make war by demobilizing the numerous factories in the area. Reluctantly, Eisenhower agreed, and Operation Market Garden began on September 17, 1944. The plan called for Allied paratroopers to secure key bridges and establish a foothold in the area so that armed divisions could move in safely. The First Allied Airborne Army, composed of the 82nd and 101st divisions of the United States and the 1st division of the British, were to be used in the operation. The Americans job was to capture the bridges at the towns of Eindhower and Nirmegan. They succeeded in doing this very quickly with minimal casualties. The British, however, encountered more difficulty. Their job was to secure the more distant bridges at Arnhem, but their tank support that was supposed to relieve them was delayed. The Germans there, consisting of the 9th and 10th SS Panzer divisions, trapped the British soldiers, killing one thousand and capturing six thousand (Keegan 437).
Field, Frank. British and French Operations of the First World War. Cambridge (England); New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
The largest airborne operation ever organized, Market-Garden cost the Allies between 15,130 and 17,200 killed, wounded, and captured. The bulk of these occurred in the British 1st Airborne Division which began the battle with 10,600 men and saw 1,485 killed and 6,414 captured. German losses numbered between 7,500 and 10,000. Having failed to capture the bridge over the Lower Rhine at Arnhem, the operation was deemed a failure as the subsequent offensive into Germany could not proceed. The failure of Market-Garden has been attributed to a multitude of factors ranging from intelligence failures, overly optimistic planning, poor weather, and the lack of tactical initiative on the part of commanders. Despite its failure, Montgomery remained an advocate of the plan calling it "90% successful."
Henry Park 's work as a corporate spy is a metaphor for his life as an ethnically market second generation immigrant.
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Landscaping is a profession that involves a natural environment to look a certain way. This profession relies on gardening, but landscaping also involves the installation of a wall and other features. There are many reasons to practice landscaping from making a place look more inviting or make an area more functional. Landscaping has been around for thousands of years. To show for that is the ancient culture gardens. Landscaping was used for beautifying certain areas like temples, palaces, and public areas. Romans were more private people and had enclosed courtyards landscaped for members of their own household to enjoy it. The Mayans on the other hand had paintings that lived the temples walkway. Native American tribes constructed some gardening terraces the purpose of crop cultivation. Landscaping is usually in a confined area like a home, office, or museum. Landscapers sketch the area and study the qualities of the soil and natural environment. After looking at all of the facts they begin landscaping. When you start to landscape you start making pathways and building up from there to make a great environment. To create all of it, it may include pools, benches, stone retaining walls, and other features. After all the groundwork you can start putting in trees, shrubs, and flowers. Sometimes landscaping can be themed. There are some traditional ways to theme your landscape like English garden, native plant garden, or a low water garden. Landscaping is an art form profession. It takes a good sense to appreciate the features of the natural environment that already exist. Excellent landscaping flows together with the existing natural environment. It all flows together instead of ruining the nature that already was there. Our state sh...