Chapter Three Outline
Introduction
No significant research has been done on the instance of complications and infections that occur during or as a result of minimally invasive spinal surgery. By conducting this study, the hope is to determine which method of spinal surgery is superior in terms of minimizing infection and complications. The information that this should conclusively prove will be beneficial to both doctors and patients to determine treatment courses for the best possible outcome.
Research Question
Question 1. How does minimally invasive spinal surgery compare to open spinal surgery with regards to infection and surgical complications?
Hypotheses
HN1. Minimally invasive surgery does not put patients at in increased risk for infection post operatively
HA1. Minimally invasive surgery puts patients at an increased risk for infection post operatively
HN2. Minimally invasive surgery does not puts patients at an increased risk for complications post operatively
HA1. Minimally invasive surgery puts patients at an increased risk for complications post operatively
Background
• MIS has been proven superior in areas including having less blood loss and smaller incisions. It inferior in other areas
• No one has studied exclusively infection
…show more content…
The study is quantitative, and the variables are as follows. The independent variable is the type of surgery the patient receives, open or MI. The dependent variable is the occurrence of infection or technical complication, and a possible confounding variable is any undiscovered medical conditions that the patient has, as that could have impacted the results of the surgery. The data will be analyzed by comparing the average number of infections present for each type of surgery, and the average number of complications. An ANOVA test will likely be used to determine if the numbers are statistically
Melling, C. A., Baqar, A., Eileen, M. S., & David, J. L. (2001, September 15). Effects of preoperative warming on the incidence of wound infection after clean surgery; a randomised control trial. The Lancet, 358, 876-880.
The topic that I chose is interventions used to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI). This type of infection is acquired from the use of a urinary catheter while in the hospital. According to the Institute for Healthcare Improvement, urinary tract infections are responsible for 40 percent of all hospital-acquired infections annually, with 80% of these hospital-acquired infections caused by use of indwelling urinary catheters. When any type of tubes or catheters are introduced into the body, it serves as a medium for infection. Urinary catheters are used during surgery to prevent injury to the bladder.
Hinkle, J., Cheever, K., & , (2012). Textbook of medical-surgical nursing. (13 ed., pp. 586-588). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health
This reduces recovery time and may increase the rate of success due to fewer traumas to the connective tissue. And also, it has a small scar.
ways to, initially perform invasive surgeries in less invasive ways has been beneficial to both the
I work in the Surgery department in the pre-operative and post-operative phase. One of the EBP that we use is intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis prior to surgeries. Studies have shown absolute decrease of infections and length of hospital stay. The timing of preoperative prophylaxis is crucial. “F...
According to agency of health care research and quality it is estimated that almost one third of health care spending is due to inpatient surgical procedures and it also estimates that average hospital costs has been increased from $ 9,100 in 2003 to $11,000 in 2013. [4] Some major reasons for this increase in costs includes lack of coordination, risk associated with complicated surgical procedures, poor patient engagement in decision making, quality requirements and etc. The perioperative surgical homes are very effective in solving these problems and achieve better surgical outcomes as it is a coordinated care which is led by multi specialty physicians who provides continuum of care to patients from the time of decision to 30 days after discharge of the patient i.e., it is incorporated in to include all three phases of surgery; perioperative, intra-operative and postoperative
Question #3: What, if any, are the long term complications associated with these surgeries and do the benefits outweigh the risks?
In medical practice, it is important to know what procedures should be taken on a patient. Different conditions and scenarios can call for different ways of thinking as well as different uses of equipment. In this day and age, it is important for a medical practitioner to not only knows what is best for their patient, but to also know the importance of equipment – including the right use of said equipment. If a practitioner approaches a patient with a spinal injury, it is essential to know what kind of equipment should be used in order to help the patient, should a Spinal Board be used, or an Orthopaedic Stretcher?
Prior to my most recent surgery, I was in an unexplainable amount of pain. I would have rathered to use a bedpan than to get up and walk to the bathroom. The surgeon who scrubbed in on the surgery a week before was on vacation and was not able to check on me physically. Goldstein
Hospital acquired infections are spread by numerous routes including contact, intravenous routes, air, water, oral routes, and through surgery. The most common types of infections in hospitals include urinary tract infections (32%), surgical site infections (22%), pneumonia (15%), and bloodstream infections (14%). ( book). The most common microorganisms associated with the types of infections are Esherichila coli, Enterococcus species, Staphylococcus auerus, Coagulase-negative staphylococci, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa.(secondary) Urinary tract infections occur when one or more of microorganisms enter the urinary system and affect the bladder and/or the kidneys. These infections are often associated improper catheterization technique. Surgical site infections occur after surgery in the part of the body where the surgery took place. These infections may involve the top of the skin, the tissue under the skin, organs, or blood vessels. Surgical site infections sometimes take days or months after surgery to develop. The infections can be cause by improper hand washing, dressing change technique, or improper surgery procedure. Pneumonia can also become a hospital acquired infection. Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a type of lung in...
posterior spinal fixation, with decreased tissue destruction and higher safety margins [2]. The focus of this paper is to discuss the surgical technique, advantages and disadvantages of
Although the importance of aseptic technique has been continually reiterated, I have realised its substantial role in the perioperative environment. Aseptic technique refers to the practice of creating and maintaining a sterile environment used for sterile procedures (Laws, 2010a). This is incredibly important as repetitive minor breaches of the sterile environment is one of the major factors increasing the risk of surgical site infection (Harrop et al., 2012).
Some of these being: you can make small cuts instead of performing open surgery, the surgeon can easier use the tools when compared to a laparoscopic surgery through an endoscope, the surgery area is more visible to the surgeon and can move in a more comfortable way, however; surgeries utilizing robotic surgery can take longer to perform, and many hospitals do not have access to robotic surgery tools. For some complex procedures, robotic surgery is not an option. Some common surgeries that robotic surgery is used are: hip replacement, coronary artery bypass, kidney transplant, and tubal ligation. Robotic surgery has the common risks that are also associated with laparoscopic and open surgery: infection, hemorrhage, reactions to medications, and breathing problems; however there is a less chance of infection, bleeding, and pain. Robotic surgery is also associated with a faster recovery, which equals a shorter hospital stay, and smaller scars compared to open surgery, but some are weary of using a non-traditional
Due to the fact that during a surgery you will be using your hands you must be very careful even if you are wearing safety equipment. Protective wear can help tremendously by eliminating any easy route of transmission of any viruses, or diseases etc. Through medical school it will be required that surgeons wear gear that will protect them. Always wear protective gear no matter how little the operation could be, surgeons will always be exposed to some kinds of bacteria which can be foreign to your own. According to Paul A. Ruggieri M.D.’s novel, “I love being a surgeon. I love being able to make a clear, tangible difference in the quality of a person’s life. Sometimes I even save a life. I am honored every time a patient comes to me, and I’m humbled at the trust that’s given.” Surgeons should have the same mindset as Dr. Ruggieri because making a difference in someone else 's life should be a huge priority. They should want to help someone with their problems. Surgeons leave a mark on other people’s life, and it should always be a positive one. The satisfaction knowing a surgery was performed on someone and treated their problems would feel