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Strengths and weaknesses of strategic planning
Principles For Understanding The Strategic Planning Process
Strengths and weaknesses of a strategic plan
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Ever since the 1960’s, strategic planning has been seen as “the one best way” to establish and carry out strategies that would help the business in achieving success in comparison to their competitors (Mintzberg 1994). Success from any sort of business whether it be small or large, stems from the foundation of planning. Whether it be planning the operations within the business, what kind of employees will help in developing the organisation or even planning in regards to setting goals and achieving them. However, those businesses that decide to ignore the fundamental need of planning, can experience an increase in a failed working environment in regards to successfully accomplishing what the business sets out to do. Although, that being said there are positives as well which can be seen from businesses who do not necessarily have a strategic plan. Eventually, some implications for business planning will be presented.
The importance of business planning is vital as it creates opportunities for new employees, sets work methods and ethics. As well as creating a structured work diversity, bringing out the best in each employee. In order to help plan a business it all begins at the first step of creating a business plan, which ultimately helps the business achieve what they set out to do. Butler (2010) has stated that the important thing within a business is to remember that a business plan will not automatically result in producing high levels of profit or create a prosperous business. The business plan acts as a mechanism to demonstrate the gradual progress at work and can be monitored, therefore businesses are able to respond to any future problems or modify any parts of their business. Within the business plan, organising the bu...
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...ments. However, even though those businesses who fail to plan aren’t necessarily planning to fail, it can still be statistically proven that if a business has a plan then the company will most likely succeed. According to a study by Sexton and Van Auken in 1985, 20% of non-planners failed within three years, in comparison to the 8% fail rate of businesses who engaged in planning. So even though businesses can still fail with planning, there is a higher certainty that if there is no strategic plan involved then ultimately the business wont reach the level they thought or desired to achieve. Through the demonstration of the sources which were relevant, it is provable that society has different attitudes towards this notion. But in the end, it all really depends on the type of management the company has chosen to follow and the way in which they treat their employees.
Many theorists (Lynch, 2003, Mintzberg, 1990, Ansoff, 1991) will argue that the two main schools of strategic planning are the prescriptive, also known as intended, and emergent approaches. Both are debated widely about which is the better approach; recognised best by Idenburg (1993). Prescriptive strategies focus on planning; where predictions of the future are made, leading to long term decisions where the main elements of the strategy have been specially planned before being commenced and as stated by Mintzberg, 1990 "Strategy formation should be a controlled, conscious process of thought". The emergent approach relies on the fact that the outcome of the objective is not known; in contradiction to the prescriptive approach it is not a 'controlled, conscious process of thought' and has been described by Downs, et al (2003) as a trial and error process. The importance of strategy within organisations has been discussed as early as the 1950's with ...
Businesses do not plan to fail, they fail to plan. In my opinion, the planning process is a vital component towards successful operation of any business, thus i believe the above statement to be correct. According to Stephen Chapman, planning is defined as ‘the process of setting targets and deciding how to achieve them. It acts as a link between the business owner’s ideas and the actual operation of the business’. (2011 pg. 396) It is a managerial and leadership task and is such an integral part of managing a business, especially in today’s rapidly changing environment.
Without a successful business strategy put in place the company would fail and be unable to compete with competitors. There would be on way of knowing what resources are required. No planning for the future of the business. If there are no targets set out to achieve there would be no way of measuring how successful the company has been.
The business plan will also be useful in facilitating the adoption of a strategy that will help the business prosper in the modern market. The plan will be a critical tool that will help in the production of a reliable strategy for attaining the goals and objectives. The proposed business plan will be implemented in three years time. Within the first three years, the business i...
From the abovementioned it becomes clear that the strategic planning model shares various characteristics with other models, for instance the making of decisions, the solving of problems and process consultation (Fuqua & Kurpius, 1993). The strategic planning model does, however, have a number of distinctive features, including its emphasis on the future and its focus on cultivating a vision that view the organization in its futuristic, rather than present, state. The process of strategic planning leads to organizations that are more adaptive and that are more prepared for the future (Fuqua & Kurpius, 1993).
Within an organization, different types of planning are necessary to help establish the visions and goals a company has. Strategic and operational planning is essential for the success of a business. For example, Sports Authority has recently filed for bankruptcy, which is likely due to a lack of planning skills. With the addition of strategic and operational planning, the risk of going bankrupt could be significantly reduced. The many planning steps and strategies involved in these types of planning are what eventually produce the most success.
Having an effective marketing plan is invaluable to all businesses. Even so it is amazing the number of companies that think they can operate and succeed without formal plans!
Planning can be used to help the organization map out a way to efficiently achieve their goals. The beginning of the planning process should include analyzing of the current situation. From this information the company can determine the goals and start to outline the steps that need to be taken to ensure that the goal will be met. Other planning activities that should be completed are determining the company’s objectives and were they want to be in the future. This will help them to choose their business objectives and strategies. In addition, the company should look at the resources that they have available and determine if they are sufficient to achieve the organizations goals.
A challenge in strategic planning is to decide what bits and where bits of information will be used to support business decisions. In general, strategic plans can fail for two types of reasons: inappropriate strategy and poor implementation.
Although individual definitions of strategy vary between each author, traditionally, theorists have considered planning an essential part of organizational strategy. “Strategic planning in organizations originated in the 1950s and was very popular and widespread between mid-1960s to mid-1970s, when people believed it was the answer for all problems, and corporate America was obsessed with strategic planning. Following that boom strategic planning had fallen off and was cast aside for over a decade. The 1990s brought the revival of strategic planning as a process with particular benefits in particular contexts” (Mintzberg, 1994).
If asked what strategic planning is one could interpret it as simply a road map that can guide the organization in the right direction. It is very unlikely that an organization would know which direction to take without a sense of direction. Managers are faced every day with decisions that have a major impact on the direction the organization must take, therefore, strategic planning can play an important role in guiding managers in the right direction. In other words strategic planning is a tool that management can use to give them a sense of direction that will guide them in doing a better job and to ensure that all the members of the organization are working toward the same goals
The planning school of thought is a strategy that emphasizes the need for an organization to ensure that its business strategy is in alignment with the environment that it operates. In other words, an organization’s strategy must ‘fit’ the environment that it chooses
In conclusion, if organisations fail to plan they are putting themselves in a disadvantageous position where they are more susceptible to the volatile , ever changing external and internal environments. Contrastingly though, through the critical analysis of various sources, limitations of formal planning can be identified, yet ultimately the role of informal planning cannot be dismissed as the benefits it provides outweigh the potential disadvantages and if a holistically, systematic approach is taken to planning, and implementation of said plan, it will ‘consequently provide a fundamental basis’ (Mokwa, 1987) for which an organisation can utilise in order to enhance its performance, efficiency and overall effectiveness.
Understanding a business is imperative for the realization of goals. By facilitating the communication of goals and serving the front line employees to achieve their goal, the production of a corporation will reach its
Planning within a business consists of many elements. Macroenvironment and competitive environment are part of these elements. They can cause a business to loss profitability and its competitive edge. It needs to have an understanding of its macroenvironment to be able to operate proficiently and effectively. This is performed by considering everything that affects the business externally (Bethel University, 2011). The competitive environment should be considered regularly because new businesses are introduced daily. Planning is the event that determines the direction in which the company will go and it includes consideration of these two environments, as well as other ideas that are needed to achieve certain goals. Ultimately, this stage is crucial for a business to be successful.