Ontology And Epistemology Essay

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3.1.3.2 Ontology and Epistemology
The basic system of ontological, epistemological, axiological, and methodological assumptions with which researchers approach the study reflects by (Guba and Lincoln, 1994, Creswell, 1998, Creswell, Hanson, Clark Plano and Morales, 2007, Patton, 2002, Savage, 2006, Vasilachis de Gialdino, 1992).

It is considered that most of the questions are social sciences pose has different answers depending on paradigm. Epistemology raises many questions as follows:
1) How reality can be known.
2) The relationship between what is not known and what is known.
3) The characteristics, principles and the assumptions that guide the process of knowing and the achievement of the findings.
4) The possibility of the process are being shared and repeated by others in order to assess.
5) The quality of the research and the reliability of those findings.
According to (Schmidts, 2001, Miller and Fredericks, 2002) the epistemological reflection does not seek universality or a finished discipline. The challenges faced by most researchers is to intend to know are unprecedented, registered, observed, understood by existing theories and concepts by available methodological strategies (Vasilachis de Gialdino, 2007).

(Vasilachis de Gialdino, 1992) argued that social sciences require that particular epistemological reflections are approached from characteristic theoretical developments. Such reflections that are present practical activity are closely linked with the elucidation of the paradigms in the production of every discipline. The researcher defined those paradigms as the theoretical methodological framework used to interpret social phenomena in the context of a given society.
(Vasilachis de Gialdino, 2009) also suggest t...

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... Treasury Fiscal Review (2011)

ii) Before South Africa’s first democratic elections, hostipatals were assigned to particular racial groups and most were concentrated in white areas. It had 14 different health departments and the health system was fragmented. During 1994 the dismantling of the old health care system and the transformation of the inclusive health care was introduced. However high level of poverty amongst Africans and unemployment mean health care remains largely the burden of the South African government.

iii) The department of Health is focused on implementing an improved health system. How the National Health Insurance (NHI) will it promote equity and efficiency to ensure that South Africans have access to affordable, quality health care service regardless of their employment status and ability to make a direct monetary contribution to the NHI?

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