Of Digestion In The Process Of Digestion

Digestion is a process that involves the breakdown of nutrients in order to be thoroughly absorbed by the body. The cephalic phase includes smelling, seeing, and thinking about food, which is the preparation for digestion. This is operated by the parasympathetic nervous system, which prepares the gastrointestinal tract (GI) by increasing saliva, gastric secretion, peristalsis, and the increased blood flow to the GI tract. Digestion then begins in the mouth, where salivary amylase assists with the breakdown of starch while lingual lipase assists in the breakdown of fats. Protein found in the peanut butter and whole wheat bread will further be digested along the GI tract. Once the bolus is formed from chewing the sandwich, it travels down the

The digestion of this macronutrient occurs in the mouth with salivary amylase which breaks down disaccharides and polysaccharides through the process of mastification. It is important to understand that disaccharides are digested by brush border enzymes, and monosaccharides are absorbed. When chewing, saliva is then mixed with food to form bolus going from the esophagus to the stomach. Once the whole wheat bread and peanut butter enter the stomach, salivary amylase is then inhibited by HCL. The food then moves to the small intestine (duodenum), where pancreatic amylase furthers the process of digestion. Brush border enzymes then digest the disaccharides, trisaccharides, and alpha dextrins in the small intestine. The major site of absorption of carbohydrates occurs in the small intestine along microvilli (brush border). Located along the brush border are monosaccharide transporters. Carbohydrates are the main source for fuel intake through glucose, and glucose is used for energy. When not used, the excess glucose from the peanut butter and jelly is stored as glycogen in the liver and muscle; and extreme excess can be converted to fat through lipogenesis in the