The northern blackout of 2003 should be analyzed, in order to gain awareness of the failures leading to the disaster, to prevent similar disasters from occurring in the future. Learning about the failures will help to engineer a more successful model of the system. Many improvements can be made in the areas of communication, safety training and system improvements. Implementing these changes are essential as they are crucial to maintaining a stable economy, security and safety (Allen, Stuart and Wiedman, 2014). Training the staff at energy facilities, in preparation for an emergency, is a crucial step in prevention of another disaster. The staff at First Energy, the facility that caused the blackout, had inadequate training, according to the U.S.-Canada Power System Outage Task Force (2004). It is important that staff are trained, since they have to handle the generation of electricity. The electricity produced by generators travel at very fast speeds and need to be consumed immediately (Torstar Syndication Services, 2003). This is needs to be looked after by skilled workers, who can balance the amount of electricity generated and demanded, so that scheduled voltages are maintained (Torstar Syndication Services, 2003). They also need to ensure thermal limits in the power lines are maintained (U.S.-Canada Power System Outage Task Force, 2004). …show more content…
At the time of the blackout, NERC standards and processes were not clear enough, and they did not hold the authority to enforce their standards (U.S.-Canada Power System Outage Task Force, 2004). As a result, First Energy was in direct violation of seven guidelines (U.S.-Canada
.... The lessons learned from the many events will provide an extensive knowledge base and benchmark that all emergency managers can draw from to better position citizens for survival of large scale evacuations and sheltering events.
In July, 2004 Doyle had called for a legislation to prevent massive power blackouts like the one that hit the northeast this past year. In August 14, 2003, a massive power outage affected more than 50 million people in eight different stats, Ontario, and Quebec in Canada. Many households were without power for several days. This blackout began in Ohio, where three transmission lines short-circuited. An investigation found that the energy company that owned those power lines was in violation of at least four North Electric Reliability Council operating standards. Doyle introduced almost a year ago a legislation that would establish a national Electric Reliability Organization to enforce power reliability standards across the country. If an organization was to be established it
Hazards pose risk to everyone. Our acceptance of the risks associated with hazards dictates where and how we live. As humans, we accept a certain amount of risk when choosing to live our daily lives. From time to time, a hazard becomes an emergent situation. Tornadoes in the Midwest, hurricanes along the Gulf Coast or earthquakes in California are all hazards that residents in those regions accept and live with. This paper will examine one hazard that caused a disaster requiring a response from emergency management personnel. Specifically, the hazard more closely examined here is an earthquake. With the recent twenty year anniversary covered by many media outlets, the January 17, 1994, Northridge, California earthquake to date is the most expensive earthquake in American history.
On August 14th, 2003, a major blackout swept across portions of the northeastern United States and Canada. It was reported that a series of equipment outages in the Midwest led to uncontrolled cascading outages of power transmission lines and generators serving parts of the Northeast, Midwest and Canada. Automatic protective systems operated to open circuits and shut down power plants to prevent further spread of the outages. This is very similar to what happened in The Great Northeast Blackout of 1965. In both situations, the “grid system” shut down one generator in line at a time to protect a surge from the station before it.
The importance of an electrical lineman is huge, not only in the community but also in most of the world. Their education, training, and correct use of equipment help them in their different and dangerous work conditions to accomplish the tasks of providing power to their communities.
In the past, the United States has already repeatedly occurred the blackout. Especially in 1977, there was a large-scale power outages and the city became a big mess. At that time, blackout of 1977 not only resulting in significant economic losses, but also a power shortage triggered kind of serious public problems. It could be the strong contrast with the past blackout, so the blackout of 1977 was more striking and deeply impressive.
Genre in film theory is adapted from literary genre analysis as well as founded on its structure as well as narrative elements. Moreover, films are usually categorized according to their mood (emotional tone), setting (locale), and theme topic (issues in the film). All these essentials come into consideration for the placement of the film in a genre convention. As soon as we look narrowly at a genre film, we typically ascertain intricacies that give an awareness of subtle shades of meaning or feeling, especially in artistic expression or performance. An epitome of a genre convention, whereby some type of common identity reappears thus may therefore classify the film as a drama, which would include its elements as iconography, plot, thematic elements and film techniques. A drama is exemplified by the film, The Ice Storm (1997) and consequently, with an analysis of its genre it demonstrates David Bordwell’s reflectionist approach that expounds on its social function, relevance, during the time of its production.
At Able electricians we ensure that all our emergency electrician services are delivered in a highly
Many stores had a shortage of basic supplies. People who weren’t evacuated from their homes began to stock up on necessities. They went to grocery stores and got all kinds of supplies; bread, canned goods, bottled water, gas powered generators, batteries, radios, flashlights. Gas powered generators would help with power outages.
Sometimes one phase of the emergency management tends to overlap of adjacent phase. The concept of “phases” has been used since the 1930’s to help describe, examine, and understand disasters and to help organize the practice of emergency management. In an article titled Reconsidering the Phases of Disaster, David Neal cites different examples of different researchers using five, six, seven, and up to eight phases long before the four phases became the standard. (Neal 1997) This acknowledges that critical activities frequently cover more than one phase, and the boundaries between phases are seldom precise. Most sources also emphasize that important interrelationships exist among all the ph...
Disaster Recovery Planning is the critical factor that can prevent headaches or nightmares experienced by an organization in times of disaster. Having a disaster recovery plan marks the difference between organizations that can successfully manage crises with minimal cost, effort and with maximum speed, and those organizations that cannot. By having back-up plans, not only for equipment and network recovery, but also detailed disaster recovery plans that precisely outline what steps each person involved in recovery efforts should undertake, an organization can improve their recovery time and minimize the disrupted time for their normal business functions. Thus it is essential that disaster recovery plans are carefully laid out and carefully updated regularly. Part of the plan should include a system where regular training occurs for network engineers and managers. In the disaster recovery process extra attention should also be paid to training any new employees who will have a critical role in this function. Also, the plan should require having the appropriate people actually practice what they would do to help recover business function should a disaster occur. Some organizations find it helpful to do this on a quarterly or semi-annual basis so that the plan stays current with the organization’s needs.
On November 9, 1965, over 80,000 square miles were without power throughout areas of Canada and the Northeastern section of the United States. For as many as twelve hours, over 25 million people lived in darkness. This event is widely known as the Great Blackout of 1965. Although it occurred forty nine years ago, the Great Blackout of 1965 has had a major impact on how electricity operation systems work today, and has led to the formation of reliability councils such as the National Electric Reliability Council, now North American Electric Reliability Council, or NERC. Also, this large scale power failure has inspired many film writers to dramatize the Great Blackout.
There are sometime thing that even you can’t accomplish be yourself, If you know you can't do something ask someone else for help when working as an electrician. Safety is the most important thing that is needed when being an electrician and working with electricity. When asking for help your co-workers will help you, because you help each thought out the whole project. That is friendship that is alway needed in a job.Safety is the first priority that is needed to be followed without anyone telling you. Don’t joke around when you are working near electricity. You should be serious in willing to help when you are needed or when you need help.
In the summer of November 2007, the rate at which energy supply disruptions occurred increased. The South African state energy company, Eskom, took note of this and declared force majeure on the 24th of January 2008. They lacked the reserve energy to meet demands, even more so during peak hours. They immediately requested customers to urgently reduce demand load to prevent total collapse of the energy system. They further went on to plan systematic rotation shut down of energy to certain areas, subsequently called ‘load shedding’. Eskom had planned heavy maintenance schedule for the high demand of the coming winter...
Developing emergency training programs make sure that in case of an accident, workers know exactly what to do and act according to the emergency plan to avoid panic and confusion. Consistency in these training is important because it will keep the workers’ skill harp in how to deal with situations.