Nephrolithiasis Informative Speech

Hello again class. Today I will be talking about

nephrolithiasis. Nephrolithiasis is the process of forming a kidney

stone. This disorder is extremely common affecting 10% of the

population. There are many symptoms of this disorder. These

symptoms can occur before and after the patient experiences kidney

stones. There are many treatments available which help with the

pain, however the kidney stones will pass within 48 hours.

Nephrolithiasis is practically the development of stones in the

kidney. These stones are more common in men than in women. Also it

occurs more in the caucasian race then any other race by a

significant amount. There are five different kinds of stones which

I have ordered from most to least common: calcium oxalate, calcium

phosphate, uric acid, cystine and struvate. The most common, being

calcium oxalate, occurs about 80% of the time. The least common

being cystine and struvite both occur 2% of the time.

"The initial presentation of nephrolithiasis is often with renal colic - severe pain caused by stone passage - triggered by movement of a stone from the renal pelvis into the ureter, which leads to ureteral spasm and possibly obstruction" (ncbi, pg 8). Other common symptoms are severe pain in the side and back below the ribs, lower abdomen, groin and during urination. The pain occurs in waves and fluctuates in intensity. Urine will be pink, red or brown and also cloudy and smell bad. Nausea and vomiting are common as well as a constant need to