NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING
“Natural language processing refers to computer systems that analyze, attempt to understand or produce one or more human languages, such as English, Japanese, Italian or Russian. The input might be text, spoken language or keyboard.” -J.F. Allen (2003) NLP is ability of computer to understand the human language as spoken. It is ruling to make it easier for humans to alter their language into machine which is translated one. It is easier said than done to make computer understand the human speech. Through the process of NLP, we can effortlessly address through computer as if addressing a person or even communicating with them.
…show more content…
There is difficulty in developing human language translation software because language is constantly changing. Natural language processing is also being developed to create human readable text and to translate between one human language and another. The ultimate goal of NLP is to build software that will analyze, understand and generate human languages naturally, enabling communication with a computer as if it were a human. Natural language processing (NLP) can be defined as the automatic (or semi-automatic) processing of human language. The term ‘NLP’ is sometimes used rather more narrowly than that, often excluding information retrieval and sometimes even excluding machine translation. NLP is sometimes contrasted with ‘computational linguistics’, with NLP being thought of as more applied. Nowadays, alternative terms are often preferred, like ‘Language Technology’ or ‘Language Engineering’. Language is often used in contrast with speech (e.g. Speech and Language Technology). NLP is essentially multidisciplinary: it is closely related to linguistics (although the extent to which NLP overtly draws on linguistic theory varies considerably). It also has link store search in cognitive science, psychology, philosophy and maths (especially logic). Within CS, it relates to formal language theory, compiler techniques, theorem …show more content…
NLP researchers aim to gather knowledge on how human beings understand and use language so that appropriate tools and techniques can be developed to make computer systems understand and manipulate natural languages to perform the desired tasks. The foundations of NLP lie in a number of disciplines, viz. computer and information sciences, linguistics, mathematics, electrical and electronic engineering, artificial intelligence and robotics, psychology, etc. Applications of NLP include a number of fields of studies, such as machine translation, natural language text processing and summarization, user interfaces, multilingual and cross language information retrieval (CLIR), speech recognition, artificial intelligence and expert systems, and so on. One important area of application of NLP that is relatively new and has not been covered in the previous ARIST chapters on NLP has become quite prominent due to the proliferation of the world wide web and digital libraries. Several researchers have pointed out the need for appropriate research in facilitating multi- or cross-lingual information retrieval, including multilingual text processing and multilingual user interface
1. What is the name of the document? Ida Tarbell Criticizes Standard Oil (1904) 2. What type of document is it? (newspaper, map, image, report, Congressional record, etc.)
From the moment that we are born, we are exposed to means of language and communication. Though technically we can not speak as babies; we give our parents small signals to let them know what we need such as, being hungry or needing a diaper change. Language is proven to be essential and an important part of life. In the essays, Homemade Education, by Malcolm X and Spanish Lessons, by Christine Marin both essays give a strong example of why language is important. In Malcolm’s essay, he explains how when he was prison the power of language completely changed his life. In Marin’s essay she talks about her experience with the English and Spanish language and how both languages opened up new doors for her in her life and
As a linguist the question of what makes a language a language is a very important concept.
People use language as a material object. Language is social in nature and language helps people to convey a message. Language is how humans communicate with each other. Language empowers, language makes the person’s needs known and language expresses what the person wants people to do. Language is how people interact and language makes a person’s identity, emotions and opinions known. Language helps a child to make sense of their world. Language helps older children to interact and belong to a group, Language also helps a child to understand the field, tenor and mode in situations, so that the child can critically evaluate and organize the
In the analyzing some of the problems that arise in legal translation, one can only understand legal concepts of the target language against the common background of the source text. In order for one to be a good legal translator, they have to study a vast variety of languages. Therefore, the method necessary is the Corpus Linguistics method. According to McEnery & Hardie, (2011) Corpus linguistics is the study of language information on a broader scale. However, the corpus is not limited to a specific aspect of language.
Neuro Linguistic Programming NLP was developed by Richard Bandler and John Grinder from studying three leading therapists, Milton Erickson, Virginia Satir and Fritz Perls. Since then it has become a leading toll in business management, sales, education, training, personal coaching and sports as well as therapy and many other areas.
Imagine asking your computer to do something in the same way you would ask a friend to do it. Without having to memorize special commands that only it could understand. For computer scientists this has been an ambitious goal; that can further simplify computers. Artificial Intelligence, a system that can mimic human intelligence by performing task that usually only a human can do, usually has to use a form of natural language processing. Natural language processing, a sub-field of computer science and artificial intelligence, concerns the successfully interaction between a computer and a human. Currently one of the best examples of A.I.(Artificial Intelligence) is IBM 's Watson. A machine that gained popularity after appearing on the show
Language is a method in which individuals communicate in order to get their opinion across to the listening party. Language is the tool which ideas can be conveyed in various ways. Typically, language is referred to verbal communication, however, it ranges to all methods of communication i.e. sign language.
By searching words in the COCA Corpus, and clicking on the list option, a list of sentences with the searched word appears. This is very important for learners of English because the Corpus can be helpful in order to figure out the meaning and use of a word, the grammatical function, as well as words combinations. For instance, if I want to know in what situations the word “useful” is used, I need to click on the chart option, and after the search, I will be presented with a chart that tells me in what contexts the word is used. In this case it is mainly used in academic and magazine contexts and now with this search I know that it is appropriate to use the word “useful” in an academic paper or work. This can be interesting for teachers because they can use Corpora to show students the words that are appropriate in an academic context.
Linguistics is the science of a language. Linguists depend on the use of certain aspects in order to analyse, describe and explain a human language; these aspects include semantics and pragmatics.
The Features of Written Language and Speech In English language there are two different ways of actually presenting language. These are written language and speech. These two factors of speech both include many different features between themselves. These features are mostly opposite to each other as they are completely different ways of presenting language. Written language is structured into paragraphs unlike general speech which is hardly thought about before being said and is flowing naturally.
Linguistics and Computer Science are the main components of CL. According to Bolshakov & Gelbukh (2004) CL can be defined as a synonym of NLP. CL aims to construct computer programs which are able to process (recognize and synthesize) texts and speech of natural languages. This process enables scientists to create several applications related to this field such as Machine Translation, Spell and Grammar Checkers, Information Retrieval, Speech Recognition and Speech Synthesis, Topical Summarization, Extraction of factual data from texts, Natural language interface.
Word Processing is using a computer to create, edit, and print documents. Of all computer applications, word processing is the most commonly used. To perform word processing, a computer, a special program called a word processor and a printer are required.
The other part of computational linguistics is called applied computational linguistics which focuses on the practical outcome of modeling human language use. The methods, techniques, tools, and applications in this area are often subsumed under the term language engineering or (human language technology. The current computational linguistic systems are far from achieving human ability of communicating they have numerous applications. The goal for this is to eventually have a computer program that will have the same communication skills as a human being. Once this is achieved it will open doors never thought possible in computing. After all the major problem today with computing is communication with the computer. Today’s computers don’t really understand our language and it is very difficult to learn computer language, plus computer language doesn’t correspond to the structure of human thought.