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The case of nancy cruzan
Impacts of a vehicle accident
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On January 11, 1983, Nancy Cruzan lost control of her car. Cruzan was ejected from the vehicle where she landed face down in a ditch filled with water. Paramedics who reported Cruzan as being unresponsive and having no vital signs when they discovered her. However they were able to resuscitated her and transport her to the hospital. She would later be diagnosed as being in a persistent vegetative state (PVS). Cruzan would need a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy surgically inserted into her for long-term care. After weeks of being in a comma Cruzan showed no signs of improving and her parents requested the removal of her feeding tube. The request was denied by the hospital.
A well-nourished, well-developed Hispanic female named Anna Garcia standing at 65 inches, 165 pounds and in her late thirties was found dead in her house after her concerned neighbor Doug Greene was suspicions as to why she didn't take her dog out like she did normally, and why the dog was barking constantly for two hours. The police received a call from Greene on August 31st at 9:45 am and arrived at the crime scene at 9:56am.The police found Anna lying face down in the hallway. Authorities observed a pool of blood around her head and some vomit beside her. It was 73 degrees inside Anna’s house, while it was 92 degrees outside. Anna was last seen alive by her former husband, Alex Garcia the night before her death. Investigators measured her rectal temperature, and came to a conclusion that she died at 7:00 am in that same morning. A medical examiner was also called to perform an autopsy to see what really caused Anna's death.
Ladies and gentlemen of the Jury. I am here to represent Justin Garcia, to prove the negligence of Jessica Nordeen. The law of negligence says that negligence occurs if an individual does something harmful that a person of ordinary intelligence would not do. In the next few moments,I will prove to the Jury that there was a breach of duty in the case of Garcia v. Nordeen.
On the morning of the 17th of May 2005, Nola Walker was involved in a two vehicle motor accident. She had just dropped her son off at his new job, when she ignored a give way sign at an intersection. When the ambulance arrived the officers, Nucifora and Blake, recall Walker being “able to converse” and “orientated”. Blake conducted multiple assessments and did her vital signs twice. The results deemed Walker to be within normal ranges, with the only noticeable trauma involving superficial skin injuries on the left hand, an abrasion over the right clavicle which was assumed to be a seatbelt injury. Ms Walker denied she was ever in pain. Nucifora mentioned on several occasions that it would be best to take Walker to the hospital to be further
The court’s decision based on the treatment of young people in this case emphasizes on the concept of social justice, which means the fair allocation of wealth, resources and opportunity between members in a society. The appellant in this case, Louise Gosselin, was unemployed and under the age of 30. She challenged the Quebec Social Aid Act of 1984 on the basis that it violated section 7 of her security rights, section 15 of her equality rights in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and section 45 of the Quebec Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms. For the purpose of this essay, we shall explore the jurisprudence analysis of section 7 and section 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Section 7 states that everyone has the
First of all, despite the wishes of Marlise Munoz she continued to receive the help of machines and hospital staff at John Peter Smith Hospital even after being declared dead. Marlise was found on her kitchen floor after more than an hour without oxygen on November 26, 2013. Arriving at the hospital, the staff placed Marlise on life support in accordance with section 166.049 of the Texas Advance Directives Act. The directive states, “A person may not withdraw or withhold life-sustaining treatment under this subchapter from a pregnant patient.” Following her passing on Thanksgiving, “Munoz and his wife’s parents told the hospital that Marlise, herself a veteran paramedic, had made it clear to everyone she didn’t want to be ...
In February of 1990 a woman named Terri Schiavo collapsed at home suffering cardiac arrest in her home in St. Petersburg, Florida. She was resuscitated but had severe brain damage because she had no oxygen going to her brain for several minutes. Terri was severely brain damaged and in a vegetative state but could still breathe and maintain a heart beat on her own. After two and a half months and no signs of improvement, impaired vision, and the inability to move her arms and legs she needed a feeding tube to sustain her life since she seemed to be in a persistent vegetative state. For 2 years doctors attempted speech and physical therapy with no success. In 1998 Schiavos husband claimed she would not want to live in that quality of life without a prospect of recovery so he tried several times over the course of many years to pull the feeding tube so she could pass. Bob and Mary Schindler challenged and fought for a
Abigail Fisher applied for admission to the University of Texas in 2008 and was denied. She was unqualified for the university’s top ten percent plan (Ten percent plan definition: guaranteed admission for any student in the top ten percent of their high school class (has to be in state of Texas)). For those who do not meet the requirements of the ten percent plan their applications are determined by several factors such as race. Fisher proceeded to sue the University, and claimed that utilizing race as a factor for the application process violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. She claimed that the University discriminated her for being white, but the district court claimed the admissions process constitutional. Then
What? The patient is 65-year-old man Mr. John Douglas who is suffering from dysphagia and have been admitted to the surgical ward for insertion of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG). Apart from that, he is a Type 1 diabetes patient and has weakness in his right leg and arm because of right-sided hemiplegia. He is thin in appearance and has stage 1 pressure sore on his right heel.
On March 31,2005, Terri Schiavo passed away. She had a heart attack in 1990 that left her in an almost vegetative state. She had little to no brain activity and was kept alive by a feeding tube for over 14 years. Her husband eventually started a campaign for her to die in 1997. He was fighting for her right to die. Her feeding tube was finally removed on March 18, 2005 and she literally starved to death. Although Schiaivo did not have a terminal illness or unbearable pain, she still suffered in a vegetative state for over 14 years.(time.com)
Karen Ann Quinlan was a 21 year old who fell into a coma after taking drugs and alcohol at a party while in college. After a short time she was declared to be in a persistent vegetative state without possibility of recovery from her doctors. Soon after her parents decided they wanted to have her taken off the respirator so she could die with dignity. The hospital refused and the family went to court to have her father Joe Quinlan given parental guardianship which would authorize him to make decisions regarding her medical care. After losing their initial case the New Jersey Supreme court ruled in the families favor in June 1976. Shortly thereafter she was removed from respirator. Her family decided to keep the feeding tube in because they are catholic and it would have gone against their religious beliefs to remove it. Karen was moved to the Morris View nursing home in June 1976. She lived for the next 9 years in a vegetative state but breathing on her own. She died June 11, 1985 of pneumonia (History of Karen Ann Quinlan and the Memorial Foundation, n.d.).
My colleague and I received an emergency call to reports of a female on the ground. Once on scene an intoxicated male stated that his wife is under investigation for “passing out episodes”. She was lying supine on the kitchen floor and did not respond to A.V.P.U. I measured and inserted a nasopharyngeal airway which was initially accepted by my patient. She then regained consciousness and stated, “Oh it’s happened again has it?” I removed the airway and asked my colleague to complete base line observations and ECG which were all within the normal range. During history taking my patient stated that she did not wish to travel to hospital. However each time my patient stood up she collapsed and we would have to intervene to protect her safety and dignity, whilst also trying to ascertain what was going on. During the unresponsive episodes we returned the patient to the stretcher where she spontaneously recovered and refused hospital treatment. I completed my patient report form to reflect the patient's decision and highlighted my concerns. The patient’s intoxicated husband then carried his wife back into the house.
The case of Nancy Cruzan has become one of the landmark cases for withdrawal of artificial nutrition and hydration because of important ethical issues the case brings to light. At the time of the case, the United States Supreme Court had already established the right of an individual to refuse medical treatment. This issue therefore is not novel to the Cruzan case. Furthermore, there was not any controversy over who was the appropriate decision maker for Nancy Cruzan. The significant issue that the Cruzan case did bring to the table of medical ethics regarded whether or not a substituted decision make could choose to withdraw artificial hydration and nutrition on behalf of another individual.
I have a tender spot for Melissa de la Cruz, her books are one of the first YA I’ve read. Her upcoming title, Something in Between will come out on September. It tells the story of a Filipino immigrant, Jasmine who recently discovered they’re in US illegally. This means no full ride scholarship, and a threat of deportation. The premise suggest a somber realitistic fiction but even though that’s the case De la Cruz dubbed it as a Romeo and Juliet story. She promises a big love story. Hello, I am here for this
In The Return to the Isle of the Lost, sequel of Disney’s Descendants, author Melissa de La Cruz redefine classic fairy tales. She skillfully infuses our familiar childhood stories with a modern sass and storytelling.
She was told of the diagnosis. We did not hide the fact that she was given a diagnosis that she would be going home a vegetable, if she ever made it out. She made her decision that day, she wanted to go home. And so she did. She was no longer able to move anything other than her head by that point. She was bedridden and needed...