In 1989, researcher Alexa Albert developed an interest in public health, specifically the AIDS and HIV crisis and how sex workers played a role in that national crisis. When diving into the data and literature surrounding the world of legalized sex work in Nevada, Albert noticed that despite the significant daily client interactions, the spread of HIV and AIDS was nonexistent. Albert was curious about this phenomenon and decided to write to George Flint, the executive director of the Nevada Brothel Association, to see if it would be possible to conduct research inside a legal Nevada brothel. However, due to the highly taboo nature of sex work and vulnerability of sex workers, it took years until Flint responded and allowed Albert to actually …show more content…
Albert did not practice full ethical transparency throughout the duration of her research. To begin, when arriving at the Mustang Ranch, Albert was not completely clear about the final project of the research. The Mustang Ranch was split into 2 different sectors: Mustang #1 and Mustang #2. Throughout the duration of Albert’s research, she lived in the Mustang #2 house with the women, which was described as the smaller, more run down house (22). During her time at the brothel, Albert told the women that she was a researcher studying the spread of HIV and AIDS among legal brothels in Nevada. In the excerpt, Albert recalled that only a few days after her arrival, everyone knew that she was “a researcher from a university who wanted the women to save their used condoms”(18). Even though everyone knew about Albert’s purpose of collecting used condoms and understanding the transmission of AIDS in the name of public health, participants were unaware of how their work lives, stories, and everyday tasks would be studied by …show more content…
The Mustang #1 manager, Vivian, told that Albert could expect “excellent participation” from her workers, and if not, Albert was told to contact the manager, inferring that there would be punishment for women who refrained from participation (22). By creating a situation in which women were expected to participate, Albert completely disregards the sex workers right to consent and instead, goes over their heads and allows the manager to dictate their will to participate. In any ethical research, each participant should be a willing actor and it is the researcher's job to gain consent from every person involved in the research process. By disregarding this crucial ethical standard, Albert put the sex workers in a risky situation in which their jobs and livelihoods could be affected if they didn’t participate. The brothel manager clearly stated that each girl needed to participate in an excellent manner, therefore, if they didn’t, they could have experienced a hostile work environment, maltreatment from their manager, and in the worst case, they could have even lost their job if they did not
Anomie theory presents many key factors that we will examine and then put them in context with the actions of the sex workers, the motivations of clientele, particular problems of the sex workers, and other experiences in their professional or private lives, that can be explained by utilizing the anomie theory. First off, we know that these brothel workers turned to prostitution for a reason so we need to analyze what goals were not being met for them to turn to “deviant acts”. Deviance is defined as violations of society norms that result in negative sanctions. According to Robert Merton, there are five general responses to goal attainment, Conformist, Innovationist, Ritualists, Retreatists, along with Rebels and each one we will discuss further.
More than 22,000 Mustangs were ordered on April 17, 1964 when it was first released by Ford. Show rooms were visited by more than four million people and there were over 2,600 ads in newspapers. In 1974, the Mustang II began. Buyers loved it since it was smaller and had a weaker engine. This would use less fuel during the fuel crisis. Sales had tripled since the year before. It also was easier to drive because of its rack-and-pinion steering. In 1978 Mustang added many fashion features that would appeal to female buyers. The rear seat was divided into two seats even though it had been a single seat in the years before. Along with many new colors there were also pockets in the door handles, illuminated driver vanity mirrors, and "Fresno Cloth" seat inserts. In 1994, Ford released a redesigned Mustang. It had a lot of power and Ford brought back the grill. The 1994 Mustang convertible sold 123,198 cars. In 2008 Ford Mustang was the last pony car remaining on the road. Mustang is still one of the greatest success in sales in automotive history and is America's best selling convertible.
The 1990 romantic comedy, Pretty Woman, is a popular film that represents several aspects of feminism through the character of Vivian Ward, a prostitute who experiences a change in social class when she meets corporate businessman, Edward Lewis. The film demonstrates society's placement of sex workers and the inequalities they face in everyday life due to the stigma and generalizations of the whole sex industry. I argue that the film Pretty Woman addresses the issues in society of the marginalization of sex workers and the high stigmatization that is associated with acts of sex work. In addition, through the character of Vivian, it is emphasized that sex workers have agency and empowerment of their own desires. I believe Vivian’s strong sense
Sterk, Claire E. Tricking and Tripping: Prostitution in the Era of AIDS. Putnam Valley, NY: Social Change Press, 2000
Lucy Stone orates, “Is it a wonder that women are driven to prostitution?” (382), as an attempt to show that because females are restrained from high paying jobs favored by men, they are put in conditions that force them to ignore morality. The female’s values are being thrown away to gain money and support their families. These values that have been set by society can get pushed to the side as well because they are prioritizing their families first. Still, none of that would occur if they had the rights to pursue a specific career and earn a place in the workfield. Lucy Stone’s audience acknowledges the self esteem and state of mind women share when deprived of their rights. They realize how horrific it is for a woman to be forced to sell her intimacy simply because she is not allowed to work. Pushing aside her morals and values because she does not have the rights she should have since birth, will make her feel futile and helpless. Lucy Stone’s appeal to pathos convinces the audience to hold sympathy and feel for the women resorting to
Kelly’s article has raised valid points regarding safety to the prostitute within a brothel, but there is so much evidence that proves the ill effects of this experiment in other countries that the evidence cannot be ignored. Although, parts of the sex trade industry may initially see positive results for some of the workers, the majority would end up worse off than before. Due to the illegal nature of this industry and the control exuded by the pimp, the physical and psychological risk to the prostitute, the highly addictive nature of sex, and the organized crime behind the scenes orchestrating and controlling ever aspect of the industry, it is clear that decriminalizing prostitution would result in significant negative affects on society, prostitutes and those with sexual addictions.
From Chapter 7 Question 1: Suppose you are going to participate in a class debate on decriminalizing prostitution. What arguments would you present in favor of decriminalization? What arguments would you present against decriminalization? In this day and age sex has become nothing more than another product that companies use to sell their products on the consumer market. Every product has been sexualized in some way, shape, or form; but when the topic of prostitution arises nobody want to talk about it. Prostitution is nothing more than another product that just happens to be sexual in nature; however there are laws prohibiting the engagement of sex for money or “gifts.” What people don’t realize is that every single sexually active adult engages
...ution than what is seen. There is a hidden side of this sex industry that objectifies America’s youth. The pimps target vulnerable people that have been abused and then use violence, threats, lies, false promises, debt bondage, or other forms of control and manipulation to keep them victims. (Polaris) The Johns with their lust and perversions continues to feed the greed of the soul devouring sex industry. Both of which, often escape any punishment or consequences for their deeds. The prostitute is once again left alone to bare the blame, shame and pain of it all. “What other victim in society do we lock up?” (Sher, pg. 240) American sex trade is a part of our economic system that degrades and devours the mother’s of our country. The time is now to remove the scales from our eyes and raise up our swords against any who plot genocide by the killing of our girls.
With prostitution still arising and thriving in present day America the Argument and war waged on it by media has changed from an advocated perspective, to being seen as present day slavery among women. Especially with modern practices of forced trafficking and drugged prostitution. the views have changed from one of a women's private and personal freedom of choice, to one of "the ones who weren't lucky enough to get away from being drugged, kidnapped and forced into slaved prostitution."
Opponents argue that, prostitution has health effects and that is the reason as to why it remains illegal in most parts of the United States. Prostitution has social economic, physical, and a number of mental implications. The prostitutes and their clients are subject to a nu...
Since prostitution has been around there have been labels and stigmas behind the workers, their morals and the job itself. Leaving these men and women to be rejected rights, health care, insurance, etc. Weitzer observes, “[i]nstead of viewing themselves as ‘prostituted,’ they may embrace more neutral work identities, such as ‘working women’ or ‘sex workers’ […] These workers are invisible in the discourse of the anti-prostitution crusade precisely because their accounts clash with abolitionist goals.” Weitzer is hinting at the fact that these women and men see themselves as workers too, deserving of workers rights and protection, just as you and I would expect. But they are declined help and benefits because of the stigma following their line of work, based on societal values.
This approach to the sex-work argument is problematical as it reflects the mainstream view that disregards other genders that may be involved in sex-work; “prostitutes must be defined as women.” Likewise, they suggest that sex-work “exists to meet the desire of men to degrade women,” further inhibiting the difference between forced sexual labor and sex-work as a force of sexual and sexuality liberation and freedom. Radical feminists believe hat sex should be “free of economic coercion” and act the “eliminate prostitution in all forms,” there by denying the possibility of sexual freedom. Sex-work is viewed here as not only the selling of one’s sexuality, but also of themselves; arguing that there is no form of morals when it comes to sex-work, actively denying the right of individuals to choose their own decisions. Sex-work, however, in supportive conditions, would allow for more freedom in regards to choice and control.
Similarly, some young women talk about how society assumed they were already engaging in the activities, and therefore, there was no need to avoid the activities or prove the labels wrong. Rather instead, prostitution was often viewed as an easy way to make money, a way to find acceptable through being seen as attractive or ‘valuable’, and, after overcoming their own doubts and confusions regarding prostitution, not the worst possible ‘deviant’ behavior they could engage
Prostitution is often argued as a consequence of gender inequality (Hoffman 1997). MacKinnon agree that sexual liberation for women outside of prostitution is important in the fight for gender equality but it is crucial for the society to not replace one patriarchal view, for example that women should not have sex outside marriage or a relationship, with another similar oppressive patriarchal view. By accepting prostitution, a sexual practice that is based on a patriarchal construction of female sexuality, the society condemns sexual pleasure of women irrelevant and that her role during sex is to submit to the man’s sexual demand and control. Women become yet another submissive gender as she has to do what her customer tells her and her response or satisfaction is left neglected. Sexual liberation for women cannot be fulfilled as long as the society normalise unequal sexual practices where a man dominates a woman (Hoffman
A highly popular muscle and sports car, the Ford Mustang functions as a daily driver, weekend warrior, and a show winning work of mechanical art. Whether someone just needs a basic transportation to get from point A to point B, an eight second quarter-mile beast, or a show stopping work of power and beauty, Ford has produced a Mustang for every need.