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British Columbia mountain pine beetles
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When trying to figure out what the greatest threat to the forests of British Columbia are, you could come up with many concepts. Such as forests fires, urbanization, deforestation etc. but is that really the most significant threat to them. One could argue each point but for my paper, I will focus on something you maybe didn’t even think of, mountain pine beetles. Gibson, K., Kegley, S. & Bentz, B. (2009), defined the mountain pine beetles as part of the insect species; in more detail they are called ‘bark beetles.’ They attach on to the under part of the bark of their host trees and live their whole life there (Gibson et al., 2009). There have been outbreaks in the past in British Columbia, mostly in the interior forests, where this has lead …show more content…
The ‘Mountain Pine Beetle Program’ (2007), Canadian Government publication, stated that mountain pine beetles targets trees that are the oldest and sickest in that area, which keep the liveliness of the forest ongoing. The mountain pine beetles have been advancing since 1994 and in the past recent years, the magnitude and severity of this species has rapidly expanded (Taylor, S. W., & Carroll, A. L., 2003, pg. 10). “As of the year (2003), 4.2 million ha of red attack were recorded through aerial overview surveys in the province,” mentioned by ‘BC Ministry of Forests’ (2004). ‘The Forest Insect Survey Records’ demonstrate that there have been four to five notable outbreaks in British Columbia over the past 100 years (Taylor & Carroll, 2003, pg. 43), and Taylor & Carroll, (2003) stated that these outbreaks keep expanding over time towards the impacted areas. In the past, to control the pine beetles from getting over populated, we referred to the cycle of survival. Where our climates weather would take over, like cold winters and wildfires in the summer, and where woodpeckers would eat them to ensure that a handful of beetles only made it to adulthood (Mountain Pine Beetle, Canadian Government publication, 2007,
Firstly, with Hickory Hollow is the disappearing crayfish in Ribbon Cave. This problem, it seems, is the result of heavy metals found in the water. The heavy metals were found at the site of Ribbon Cave, as well as the northern portion of Aram Creek. We tested for heavy metals at well sites G, I, L, M, and S for heavy metals, with the only positives being well sites I and L. Nevertheless, this still confirmed our theory. The heavy metals found in the water have most likely resulted from Compara Corp’s hazardous waste spills, a problem that has occurred multiple times. The heavy metals found in the water being lead, tin, copper, and ammonia would then be highly probable. To fix this problem the answer is simple, “The answer, according to the agency and an outside expert, is twofold: treatment and dilution” (Pappas, 1). Treating the water is simple: the water needs the acidity to be reduced. After that is done, you must dilute the water (add water to the creek). However, the problems will never fully go away, but they will be greatly decreased. In conclusion, in order to save the lives of the crayfish, Hickory Hollow must treat Aram Creek in order to strip the heavy metals.
Poulson, T. L., & Platt, W. J. (1996). Replacement patterns of beech and sugar maple in Warren Woods, Michigan. Ecology, 1234-1253.
The Logging Industry vs. The Old Growth Forests of the Pacific Northwest and the Northern Spotted Owl.
Bess beetles range in size all the way from 21 millimeters to 80 millimeters. The beetles are named after the French word baiser, which means “to kiss”, due to the fact that they often make a smooching sound with their legs. They have a small horn that protrudes from their head, and use their antennae to drive them forward when experiencing new smells. Though the beetles may look quite menacing, they are surprisingly docile. They enjoy feasting on rotten wood, moss, and adult beetle fecal matter after it has been partially digested by bacteria. A scientific experiment was conducted to test these beetle’s pulling power in relation to their mass. The hypothesis stated,
In The Dull Knifes of Pine Ridge by Joe Starita, Starita focuses on five generations of the Dull Knife family which goes from the 1870s until the present. He starts by asking the reader to visualize the history of the Dull Knife family and how they had to adapt and were able to survive after the Northern Cheyenne were forcefully removed from the northern plains to Oklahoma Indian Territory and 3 back to the northern plains again. The story started with Guy Dull Knife Sr. living in a convalescent home in Colorado and would start to trace his ancestry back to the original Chief Dull Knife. George Dull Knife, his son, was born in 1875, most likely came north to the Pine Ridge reservation many years after and found his identity with the Lakota rather than the Northern Cheyenne. George
ImageText BoxImageOne of the biggest threats to the environment of Ontario is the Gypsy Moth (Lymantria dispar dispar). The species itself is native to Europe and Asia. How this affects us is by weakening trees across Ontario and North America. The first time the gypsy moth was found in Ontario was 1969. The gypsy moth can be found in southern Canada (Ontario), New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and British Columbia. It is known to weaken trees and the caterpillar form live in trees and during most outbreaks its caterpillar feces would fall from the trees to the ground or even on top of humans. The average Gypsy Caterpillar can grow 5-6 centimeters long. With five pairs of blue spots and six pairs of bright red dots on their back. The female moth are white and can fly on the other hand, the male moth are brown and can also fly. The female have a 5cm wing span but male have a 2.5cm wing span. The gypsy moth usually lives in open forests and other forests and take up at least 20% of the space. The Gypsy moth are about 4cm long, tan coloured and can be located on tree trunks, furniture, and buildings. (OFAH Invading Species Awareness Program, 2012)
The jewel toned Emerald Ash Borer in Newark may look pretty, but it has carved a path of destruction as it spread across the country. Despite long term efforts by local agencies to prevent further spread, this invasive insect was recently spotted in the local area. Here is a short history and the life cycle of this non-native pest.
The urban legend of the West Virginia Mothman persists to this day. Some say the Mothman appears in times of impending dangers. Others say the legend causes disasters. So, what is the legend of the West Virginia Mothman?
Since it was first discovered in 2002 in Michigan, the Emerald Ash Borer has ravished native Ash trees at an expositional rate, spreading quickly to 27 other states. In August, the Emerald Ash Borer was discovered in Delaware. Here is what homeowners should know about this evasive pest and what they should do about the Emerald Ash Borer in West Chester.
Margaret And The Moth Tree by Brit and Kari Trogen. I think this portion of the story is written to explain to kids and adults to always be kind, honest and have a big heart even if the other person is rude, selfish and is and a liar!!! The first main idea of this portion is that as Margaret spended more and more time with Ms.Switch she felt more and more sad because of all the people she ever lived with and how they died even her mom and dad when she barely lived with them.Why she thought about it was because when the people who wanted to make the orphanage company came they kept on talking about their children. Margaret
A small beetle can kill a 1,000 year old tree. In recent years, the number of live whitebark pine trees has been declining dramatically. In the past, mountain pine beetle populations have erupted at times, causing widespread adverse effects on whitebark pine trees. A similar type of warming-related outbreak is occuring today. The whitebark pine tree is beneficial in many ways. In response to increased tree mortality, researchers have established some methods of restoration for the whitebark pine. Increasing temperatures due to global warming may be significantly changing the way mountain pine beetles interact with ecologically important whitebark pine trees by enabling the beetles to more
Humans have been changing the Western forests' fire system since the settlement by the Europeans and now we are experiencing the consequences of those changes. During the summer of 2002, 6.9 million acres of forests was burnt up in the West (Wildland Fires, 1). This figure is two times the ten year annual average, and it does not look like next summer will be any better (Wildfire Season, 1). Foresters have been trying to restore the forests back to their original conditions by thinning and prescribed fires but have encountered countless delays. Politicians are proposing sweeping changes in bills, which have caused great controversy, in efforts to correct the problems that the Forest Service has faced in restoration projects. Are these bills necessary or is there a better solution that politicians are overlooking?
The American Oil Beetle is a type of Blister Beetle. These beetles are referred to as oil beetles. They are called this because they release oily droplets of hemolymph when they feel threatened. When the beetle feels threatened or put under pressure, they will release a chemical called cantharidin, which creates blisters and will irritate the human skin. These beetles have a soft, and stout abdomen with a shell that looks like overlapping plates. The beetle has a slightly bumpy surface. The antennae can be seen on its head. The beetle can be appeared as dull black, or can be even seen as shiny black or dark blue. The American Oil Beetle do not fly,
• Dendroecology: The use of tree rings to study changes in ecological processes over time such as defoliation by insect outbreaks; the effects of air, water, and soil pollution on tree growth and forest health; the age, maturity, and successional status of forest stands; and the effects of human disturbances and management on forest vitality.
Thomson, Steve. "Saving B.C's Forests through the Trees." The Filipino Post 12-18 July 2012: 12. Print.